人口老龄化

中文：人口老龄化是当今世界人口的发展趋势；英文：Population aging is the development trend of the world"s population today日文：人口の高齢化は、今日の世界人口の推移

中国的人口老龄化现象正在不断加剧，具体表现如下：1. 老年人口规模庞大：2020年，中国的65岁以上人口达到1.91亿，占总人口比重为13.5%，预计到2057年将达到4.25亿人的峰值，占总人口比重32.9%-37.6%。2. 老龄化速度快：中国进入老龄化社会的时间比法国、英国和德国等国家短得多，只用了21年的时间就进入了深度老龄化社会。3. 高龄化、空巢化问题日益突出：2020年，中国的80岁及以上人口达到3660万，预计到2050年将增至1.59亿。同时，空巢老人和独居老人的增长将弱化家庭养老的功能。4. 老年抚养比大幅上升，养老负担加重：2020年，中国的老年抚养比为19.7%，预计到2050年将突破50%，意味着每两个年轻人需要抚养一位老人。5. 未富先老：中国在人口老龄化问题上面临着未富先老的问题，即人口老龄化与社会经济发展水平不匹配。综上所述，中国的人口老龄化现象正在不断加剧，这对中国的社会经济发展和养老保障体系提出了更大的挑战。需要采取有效的措施，加强养老保障体系建设，促进社会经济发展，以应对人口老龄化带来的挑战。

截至2021年末，全国60周岁及以上老年人口有26736万人，占总人口的18.9%；全国65周岁及以上老年人口达20056万人，占总人口的14.2%。全国65周岁及以上老年人口抚养比20.8%。近10年来，60周岁及以上人口占全国总人口的比重一直在增长，2012年~2021年分别为14.3%、14.9%、15.5%、16.1%、16.7%、17.3%、17.9%、18.1%、18.7%、18.9%。65周岁及以上人口占全国的比重也一直在增长，从2012年的9.4%增至2021年的14.2%。另外，2012年~2021年全国65周岁及以上老年人口抚养比从12.7%上升至20.8%。人口老龄化预计仍将是我国未来很长一段时间要面临的突出问题在国家卫健委今年9月20日举行的新闻发布会上，国家卫健委老龄司司长王海东表示，据测算，预计“十四五”时期，60岁及以上老年人口总量将突破3亿人，占比将超过20%，进入中度老龄化阶段。2035年左右，60岁及以上老年人口将突破4亿人，在总人口中的占比将超过30%，进入重度老龄化阶段。另外，据预测，到2050年前后，我国老年人口规模和比重、老年抚养比和社会抚养比将相继达到峰值。老年人口持续增加，人口老龄化程度不断加深，给公共服务供给、社会保障制度可持续发展带来挑战，应对任务很重。

在中国人口老龄化问题越来越严重The problem of population aging is getting worse in China

Of the world"s population aging and the aging of the population in developed countries the same time, China"s aging population has intensified. The aging of the population have is social progress and economic development. China"s population changes are generally believed to have started in the founding of new China, the mortality rate is initially clear and rapid decline. And the national fertility rate change is the 20th century began in the early 1970s to the national family planning policy intervention and quickly from the high level of fertility to low fertility level. Thus, the aging of the population has led to the burden of the working population growing problems affecting China"s social and economic development, as well as the corresponding infrastructure, legal system and other material and the spirit of building the new requirements. In view of this situation the National Committee on Aging issued a "development of the cause of aging," 11th Five-Year "plan" the "11th Five-Year Plan" period, China"s old-age security, medical insurance, social relief, and the cause of aging infrastructure construction, older industries, the elderly spiritual and cultural life, and other fields to achieve the objectives and tasks. We should correctly understand China"s population aging of the formation, basic features, Development trends and possible socio-economic consequences, more to be cognizant of the aging of the population and sustainable socio-economic operations development. Only then can we make decision-making more scientific and feasibility of solving the problem of aging population. to the implementation of a sustainable development strategy to create an enabling environment for the population. Based on the aging of the population scientific content defined clearly China"s aging population causes. Based on the aging of the population evolution of the study focuses on the aging of China"s population and the characteristics of the economy, society and the family, as well as the impact, so as to solve their own inadequate solve the problem of aging population in the corresponding countermeasures.