逗号后面用ed还是ing

毁了的意思，ruining和rain是主动关系，所以用ruining

我想不是吧，粤语和英文差挺多的波，本来就这么说的吧:)

句子错了

两个并列谓语前一个谓语， 陈述被雨淋caught in the rain 这个过去经历， 后一个谓语has been ruined陈述衣服被弄坏这个现在的事实， 逻辑上不冲突。

现在完成时有两种用法1.过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果或到现在为止已经发生或完成的动作。2.表示过去发生的、持续到现在的动作或状态。I guess 时间点是现在，所以用现在完成时不妥，一直在ruin别人的day么？说不通对吧。虚拟语气常跟从句，或者前后有相关联动词。你要说had ruined 外国人听得懂，但不太地道，因为had + 过去时 一般是做从句，主句是有过去时动词的。个人拙见，欢迎他人指正

这里的got是系动词，相当于be动词，因此got caught其实也是典型的被动语态，and后面的短句也是被动语态，只不过省去了got，got ruined= was ruined，也是典型的被动语态。

Yes,thesentenceiscorrect.Raincanruinaholiday,especiallyifitlastsforalongtime.Twohoursofraincanbeenoughtoruinaholiday,asitcanpreventpeoplefromenjoyingoutdooractivitiesandsightseeing.Topreventyourholidayfrombeingruinedbyrain,itisimportanttoplanahead.Checktheweatherforecastbeforeyouleaveandplanyouractivitiesaccordingly.Ifyouknowitisgoingtorain,planindooractivitiessuchasvisitingmuseumsorshopping.Ifyouaregoingtothebeach,bringanumbrellaandraincoat.Itisalsoimportanttobeflexible.Ifitrains,don"tbeafraidtochangeyourplans.Youcanalwaysfindsomethingelsetodo.Finally,don"tlettherainruinyourmood.Rainydayscanbeagreatopportunitytorelaxandenjoysomeindooractivities.Mypersonaltipistoalwaysbringanumbrellaandraincoatwhenyougoonholiday.Thatway,youcanbepreparedforanyweather.

1.A 前半句作主语 填空时可用it代替 即 it (completely可去掉)_____our holiday. 很明显填ruined 原因不需要解释了吧2.B 根据语境理解 请妈妈帮忙做作业，妈妈让他自己做，自己的作业不能指望其他人帮忙，这里rely on有指望、依靠的意思 insist on是坚持的意思 与语境不符3.B 这里be followed by有跟风、效仿之意4.A 这里conduct有复习、研究、引导之意

　　Rows of shiny solar panels have mushroomed on farmland ruined by mining. 　　【全句解释】 　　在遭受采矿业破坏的耕地上，一排排熠熠生辉的太阳能电池板如雨后春笋般拔地而起。 　　【词语】 　　【注释】 　　①rows of+复数名词：一排排的...... 　　②solar panel：太阳能电池板 　　③主语+have mushroomed是“现在完成时”。“现在完成时”的基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词，含义：发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。 　　④mushroom作“名词”，表示：蘑菇;作“实意动词”，表示：迅速发展(就像蘑菇的生长速度一般)，中文里的“雨后春笋”也有异曲同工的效果。 　　⑤on farmland：在农田上;在耕地上 　　⑥farmland ruined by mining：受到采矿业破坏的耕地。其中，“过去分词ruined”作“后置定语”，修饰“名词farmland”。【注】这个结构可变成“定语从句farmland that/which was ruined by mining”。 　　公众号：一句话学英语 　　本文为原创文章，版权归作者所有，未经授权不得转载!

C 试题分析： 句意：你的西服毁了！为什么？---我被雨淋了。根据语境可知这里强调现在的结果和影响，主谓之间是被动关系，所以应该用现在完成时的被动语态即：has been ruined。A．has ruined现在完成时的主动语态；B．had ruined过去完成时的主动语态；D．had been ruined是过去完成时的被动语态。故选C。考点: 考查动词时态和语态的用法。

1、概论 词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、A.名词名词的概念在不同的语法教课书中有不同的解释和分类方法，但就实际

神界原罪2暴君套装分别在Braccus Rex"s Tower. 红叉处、Ancient Passage, 在joy fort的城堡底下、Decrepit Ruins. 从传送点ruined castle、在 Dark Cavern的宝物库里。 一、手套 暴君的手套在Bracc海岸附近的一个ruined 的塔里us Rex"s Tower. 红叉处，要到达这里最好先通过 Dark Cavern，从途中战斗过的骷髅兵上获得braccu的戒指，就是戴上会被诅咒的戒指，然后到达红圈处，与门前的石像鬼对话，出示戒指遍可以直接传送到红叉，手套就在如图所示右边的tomb，需要18点力量才能打开。 二、裤子 裤子在Ancient Passage, 在joy fort的城堡底下，找到Withermoore"s Soul Jar的地方，需要从正门进入城堡，向左走走到一个石台前，发现暗门，变来到了Ancient Passage，爬梯子上左边雕像，让wit到达15的角色和雕像交流就可以得到Tyrant"s Stride。 三、头盔 头盔在Decrepit Ruins. 从传送点ruined castle可以很轻松地到达救Gareth，seeker们的领袖的地方，从两个楼梯之间的铁门进入，里面的大门需要用bless，sourcer的技能接触大门机关的诅咒才能进入，并且需要所有队友都解除了项圈collar。建议块离岛的时候再来。进入后让吸收了原力，就是有原力点的角色和里面的圣柜沟通，便可以得到头盔。 四、鞋子 鞋子在海岸附近的一个ruined 的塔里。塔中充满着雷电与雾气，需要拉高视角才能看到，里面有两具蜥蜴不死族的尸体和一些箱子，鞋子在蜥蜴人身上。 五、胸甲 胸甲在 Dark Cavern的宝物库里取得。搜刮宝物库里的箱子财宝就可以得到。

看这个http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/HYCEPQx8_-4/42分17秒

C Three-fouths (四分之三）【Three-fouths 】of the buildings were ruined翻译：四分之三（大部分）楼房被毁语言点： 分数表达法：分子用基数词， 分母用序数词， 但分子大于一时分母序数词后加s您好，很高兴为您解答，fightout为您答疑解惑如果本题有什么不明白可以追问，如果满意记得采纳如果有其他问题请采纳本题后另发点击向我求助，答题不易，请谅解，谢谢。祝学习进步

c首先是选被动不选d因为过去完成需要时间暗示

当主语是物的时候,要用被动,因为ruin 是及物动词,即：The clothes are ruined

1. be concerned with 与……有关，be concerned for / about 为……担心，所以答案是B 。2.C。easy ,hard ,difficult 后常用不定式的主动语态，表示被动意义。3.C 是过去完成时态，表示更早的动作，但此处不存在这样的动作；D现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响，所以选择D。

get作联系动词，意为“（使）达到，处于”，其后接形容词。如：1、to get angry / bored / hungry / fat发怒；生厌；饥饿；发胖2、to get dressed / undressed (＝ to put your clothes on / take your clothes off)穿上／脱下衣服3、They plan to get married in the summer.他们打算夏天结婚。这里get我们可以理解为be动词，get ruined 受到破坏。不是词组。

C Three-fouths (四分之三） 【Three-fouths 】of the buildings were ruined 翻译：四分之三（大部分）楼房被毁语言点： 分数表达法： 分子用基数词, 分母用序数词, 但分子大于一时分母序数词后加s 您好,很高兴为您解答,fightout为您答疑解惑 如果本题有什么不明白可以追问,如果满意记得采纳 如果有其他问题请采纳本题后另发点击向我求助,答题不易,请谅解,谢谢. 祝学习进步

I don"t know

学校毁了我的一生。再看看别人怎么说的。

选择B，it代表天气破坏了我们的节日安排这件事情，所以代表的是结果。后面那句需要主语，所以要we这样不难得出B答案。

A 试题分析：考查虚拟语气。动词wish后面的从句要使用虚拟语气，本句是对现在的情况解析的虚拟故使用一般过去时，故A正确。句意：—孩子们在哪里？这顿饭就要被毁掉了？—我希望他们不要总是迟到。故A正确。点评：动词wish后面的从句使用虚拟语气。如果与现在事实相反，用过去时；如果与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；如果与将来相反就使用过去将来时。本题前面的did说明是与过去事实相反。

选C. might just as well是固定短语,译为:倒不如…还是...的好, 不妨might as well后可以接动词原形也可以接完成时,你把他看作是插入的就行了.1 You might as well try.你不妨试着用。2 We might as well walk there.我们不妨步行去。3 You might just as well go as not.你去也好，不去也好。 4 You might as well come with us.他还是跟我们一起来的好。5 I expect I might as well be going.我看我也该走了。6 We might as well get round the table.我们不防围着桌子坐下。7 Business is terrible I might as well pack up.生意很不好做我还是关门算了.8 As well might the glow_worm match himself against lightning.这样，简直萤火虫也可以与闪电比光亮了。9 Perhaps we might as well get round the table.我们不妨围着桌子坐。

4 时态一致2 意思是，导致，结果是2 是形容词

. By the time you arrive in London, we _____ in Europe for two weeks. A. shall stay B. have stayed C. will have stayed D. have been staying 这里是将来完成时,表示对将来事情的假设。等你到伦敦的时候，我们已经在欧洲呆了两星期了 下面是将来完成时的用法： 将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。经常与before+将来时间或+将来时间连用，也可与before或by the time引导的现在时的从句连用。 1) 构成will / be going to do sth. 2) 概念 a. 状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。 b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或一获得的经验。 They will have been married for 20 years by then. You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 将来完成时的构成 将来完成时的构成是由"shall/will + have +过去分词"构成的。 Before long he will have forgotten all about the matter. 不久他就会全然忘记这件事的。 He is somebody now. He will not have remembered his old classmates. 他现在是一个有身份的人了，他可能不会记得老同学了。 Will you have known Kevin for 10 years next month? 到下个月你认识凯文该有10年了吧？ 将来完成时的用法 ①表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。 We shall have learned 12 units by the end of this term. 到这个学期末，我们将学完12个单元。 By the time you get home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom. 你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫一遍。 ②表示推测，相当于"must have done"结构。 You will have heard of this, I guess. 我想你已经听说过这件事了。 I am sure he will have got the information. 我相信他一定得到了这个信息。 2. I appreciated ____ the opportunity to study abroad two years ago. A. having been given B. having given C. to have been given D. to have given3. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _____ obtaining water is not the least. A. of which B. for what C. as D. whose4. The heart is ____ intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain. A. not so B. not much C. much more d. no more5. _____ the fact that his initial(开始的)experiments had failed, Pro. White persisted (坚持) in his research. A. Because of B. As to C. In spite of D. In views of6. The millions of calculations(计算) involved, had they been don"t by hand, _____ all practical value by the time they were finished. A. could lose B. would have lost C. might lose D. ought to have lost 假如手工解决成千上万（虚指，表示大量）的计算，（即使）完成了，也是毫无实际价值（没有意义）。 这是一个省略倒装句，而且是虚拟。“had they been”应该是“if they had been",因为虚拟，所以必须用倒装，所以if也在这里被省略，使句子简洁。补：其中"had they been"中的"they"应该是The millions of calculations 的同位语 7. No bread eaten by man is so sweet as _____ earned by his own labour. A. one B. that C. such D. what8. It isn"t cold enough for there _____ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim"s car out quite safely. A. would be B. being C. was D. to be9. Tom assured (向……保证) his boss that he would _____ all his energies in doing this new job. A. call forth B. call at C. call on D. call off10. More than two hundred years ago the United States _____ from the British Empire and became an independent country. A. got off B. pulled down C. broke away D. dropped off11. As your instructor(教师) advised, you ought to spend your time on something ____ researching into. A. precious B. worth C. worthy D. valuable12. Without the friction (摩擦力) between feet and the ground, people would ____ be able to walk. A. in no time B. by all means C. in no way D. on any account13. We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style _____ in a personal one. A. rather than B. other than C. better than D. less than14. ______ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production. A. What B. That C. It D. As15. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages ____ in the dictionary. A. missing B. losing C. dropping D. leaking16. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often ____ or better than an actual performance. A. as good as B. as good C. good D. good as17. The article opens and closes with descriptions of two news reports, each _____ one major point in contrast with (和……相比) the other. A. makes B. made C. is to make D. making18. The number of registered participants in this year"s marathon was half _____. A. of last year"s B. those of last year"s C. of those of last year. D. that of last year"s19. I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were _____. A. hung up B. hung back C. cut down D. cut off20. She wondered if she could have the opportunity to spend ____ here so that she could learn more about the city. A. sometimes B. some time C. sometime D. some times.21. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th ____ the birth of Jesus Christ. A. in accordance with B. in terms of C. in favor of D. in honor of22. The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds(基金,资金), ____could go penniless by next year. A. the larger one B. the larger of which C. the largest one D. the largest of which23. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ____ fully occupied the whole of last week. A. were B. had been C. have been D. was24. When workers are organized in trade union s, employers find it hard to lay them _____. A. off B. aside C. out D. down 25. I can"t _____ what has happened to the vegetables, for they were freshly picked this morning. A. figure out B. draw out C. look out D. work out.26. I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time ____ the last bus. A. to have caught B. to catch C. catching D. having caught27. As it turned out to be a small house party, we ____ so formally(正式地). A. needn"t dress up B. did not need have dressed up C. did not need dress up D. needn"t have dressed up28. I apologize if I ____ you, but I assure you it was unintentional(无意的). A. offend(冒犯) B. had offended C. should have offended D. might have offended. 29. Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about ____ compliments to his political leaders. A. paying B. having paid C. to pay D. to have paid30. Although a teenager, Fred could resist _____ what to do and what not to do. A. to be told B. having been told C. being told D. to have been told31. _____ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving(兴旺的) as it is. A. Had it not been B. Were it not C. Be it not D. Should it not be32. There were many people present and he appeared only for a few seconds, so I only caught a _____ of him. A. glance B. glimpse C. look D. sight33. I"m very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to _____ my debt in return for certain services. A. take away B. cut out C. write off D. clear up34. Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills ___ people each year than automobile accidents. A. seven more times B. seven times more C. over seven times D. seven times35. This is an exciting area of study, and one ____ which new applications are being discovered almost daily. A. from B. by C. in D. through36. As I"ll be away for at least a year, I"d appreciate ____ from you now and thentelling me how everyone is getting along. A hearing B. to hear C. to be hearing D. having heard37. Greatly agitated(激动的), I rushed to the apartment and tried the, ____ to find it locked. A. just B. only C. hence D. thus38. If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I ___ my head in my hands for a cry. A. bury B. am burying C. buried D. would bury39. According to one belief, if truth is to be known it will make itself apparent, so one ____ wait instead of searching for it. A. would rather B. had to C. cannot but D. had best40. So involved with their computers _____ that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games. A. became the children B. become the children C. had the children become D. do the children become41. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ____ to its burning temperature. A. is heated B. will be heated C. be heated D. would be heated42. Why this otherwise excellent newspaper allows such an article to be printed is ___ me. A. above B. outside C. beside D. beyond43. This book will show the readers ___ can be used in other contexts. A. how that they have observed B. that how they have observed C. how what they have observed D. that they have observed44. _____ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them. A. As B. Since C. Provided D. While45. _____ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is. A. To give B. Given C. Giving D. Having given 46. Rebecca______ me earlier if she did not like her house she bought last month. A. told B. would tell C. had told D. would have told47. The world"s greatest sporting event, the Olympic Games, upholds the amateur that _____ matters is not winning but participating. A. anything B. it C. what D. everything48. It has been estimated(估计) that the earth"s surface temperature has increased _____ sone quarter to three quarters of a degree since 1850. A. to B. by C. at D. with49. Iceland lies far north in the Atlantic, with its northern most tip actually ____ the Arctic Circle(北极圈). A. touched B. touches C. touching D. being touched50. Colin married my sister and I married his brother, _____ makes Colin and me double in-laws. A. what B. which C. that D. it51. _____ I admit that there are problems, I don"t" think that they cannot be solved. A. Unless B. Until C. As D. While52. The place is an ideal site for a university ______ it is far from the downtown area. A. provided that B. now that C. so that D. in that53. He thought he could talk Mr. Robinson _____ buying some expensive equipment. A. on B. of C. round D. into54. Today the public is much concerned about the way ____. A. nature is being ruined B. which nature is ruined C. on which to ruin nature D. of nature to be ruined55. When I said goodbye to her, she _____ the door. A. saw me at B. set me off C. sent me to D. showed me to56. In the meantime, the question facing business is whether such research is ____ the costs. A. worth B. worth of C. worthy D. worthwhile57. The _____ runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes. A. common B. usual C. average D. general58. David likes country life and has decided to ______ farming. A. go in for B. go back on C. go through with D. go along with59. We should be able to do the job for you quickly, ____ you give us all the necessary information. A. in case B. provided that C. or else D. as if60. The detective and his assistant have begun to ____ the mysterious murder. A. look into B. see to C. make over D. come through 1-5 CAADC 6-10 BBDAC 11-15 BCADA 16-20ADDDB 21-25DBBAA 26-30BDBCC 31-35 ABCBC 36-40 ABCDD 41-45 CDCDB 46-50 DCBCB 51-55 DDDAD 56-60 ACABA 《易错题、难题、好题档案》由出国留学我精心为您学习英语准备.liuxue86.com

【答案】：C句意：她发的一通火把这个聚会彻底给毁了。ruin意为“瓦解，毁坏”。harm意为“损害，危害”；damage意为“损害”；spoil意为“使……扫兴，搞糟”；hurt意为“伤害”。

A

第一个是对的

这里应该这样理解，首先，get caught是一个词组，表示被雨淋湿了，get+动词的过去分词表示状态，那么get caught的一般过去式就是got caught,所以这里的got caught是表示过去的某一个时刻发生的，是一般过去时，不是过去完成时然后，再根据现在完成时的用法，其中一种是表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成了影响，那么，过去被淋湿了，导致了现在衣服都湿透了，got caught,has been ruined

在定语从句中 the way作先行词解释为“方法”而非“道路”时 ，其后+that ，in which，或者不加任何关系词三种情况都是对的。如果解释为“道路”时要视情况而定了。如 this is the way to which he led us 。这就是刚才他指给我们的那条路。希望能帮到您。

turned found had ruined arrived took left finished had tried passed died had fallen had been flooded had been destroyed had been killed高一的不知道可不可以

DDBBDCCBAB

b除非给予更好的照顾，否则陆地将被毁灭

听觉的英文hearing。例句：1、Once motion stops,hearing is impaired.一旦动作停止，听觉就失灵。2、His hearing is somewhat impaired.他的听觉已受到一定程度的损害。3、Hearing sensitivity declines with age.听觉因年老而衰退。4、A hearing aid helps to overcome defects in hearing.助听器有助于克服听觉缺陷。5、Vision and hearing are exteroceptive senses.视觉与听觉都是感受外界刺激的官能。6、The bells ruined his ears,and made them deaf.钟毁坏了他的听觉，使他两耳全聋了。7、She was quite deaf for a moment.她一时失去了听觉。8、They were perhaps the first great artists of the ear.他们或许就是听觉方面的最早的大艺术家。9、Hearing is only part of the story of my miraculous inner ear.听觉只是我的神秘内耳的故事的一部分。10、Joe"s hearing started declining almost the moment he was born.乔的听觉几乎从他一出生就开始减退了。11、Tactile and auditory stimuli provoke convulsions with opisthotonos.触觉和听觉的刺激可诱发惊厥和角弓反张。12、My voice tried to find the wind to touch her hearing.我的声音试着找寻风来碰触她的听觉。13、The relevance of acoustical principles is by no means limited to sound and hearing.声学原理并不仅仅适用于声音和听觉。14、Nothing slipped past his vigilant ear,or his comprehending mind.他的听觉非常灵敏，头脑反应很快，所以什么事都瞒不了他。15、To croft"s keyed senses,the sound echoed up and down the river.在克洛夫特高度敏感的听觉听来，那声音简直震动了小河上下。

ruin指把某件东西损害到不能再修理或使用的程度。现在多用于借喻中。例如:Your plans for a party will be ruined if you get sick.如果你病了,你的聚会计划就毁了。1.在程度上, destroy指十分彻底地破坏,而damage指并不彻底地破坏。2.在后果上, destroy指不能或很难修复了,而damage指不能发挥正常作用了。3.在对象上, destroy可接物,也可接人,而damage通常只用于非生物。4.在造成破坏的原因上, destroy多指不可抵抗的外界力量,而damage则常指因人的过失。例如:Many lives were destroyed by the earth- quake.这次地震造成许多人死亡。An explosion destroyed the engine. 一声爆炸把发动机毁坏了。

1.continues,句子意思是，如果大雨再多下几天，我们的庄稼就都被毁了。2.hesitation 句子意思是，一听到这个消息，他立马就前往医院看望他的朋友了。

C疾病加上糟糕的天气，破坏了旅游的计划。希望回答对您有所帮助，请及时采纳，多谢！

D.We might do as well as we

sorry sorry----SJM

1 The rare plants and wildlife are destroyed by the cutting down of rain forests2 Huge amounts of farmland has been eaten up by the growth of cities 3 The lives of people in many cities are ruined by poverty and overcrowding 4 A hole in the ozone layer has been created by the use of CFCs in products lije hair spray.5 Many more cases of skin cancer has been caused by the reduction of the protective ozone layer

汗，俺自己4级都没过去

一、工科教育过度“理科化”问题确实存在从报道中可以看出,不论是学生、教师还是用人企业,都反映出当前工科教育存在过度强调理论教学、忽视工程实践的问题。学生理论联系实际不足,教师注重论文轻视实际工程,导致毕业生无法适应企业需求。“工科理科化”不仅体现在课程设置上,也反映在教师培养和评价机制中。二、“理科化”有其历史积淀,但应警惕简单否定理论教学报道提到改革开放以来,受国外影响,中国工程教育逐渐向理论化倾斜。这既有历史原因,也与长期强调科研成果有关。但是,工科基础理论仍然不可或缺,过度拔高实践也有失偏颇。改革不能否定理论教学,而要实现理论教学和工程实践的有效统一。三、完善课程体系,强化理论与实践的结合当前应调整工科课程体系,合理设置理论课程的比例和进度,增加设计、项目实训等实践课程,加强理论联系实际。重视培养学生的系统设计和解决实际工程问题的综合能力。将实习、毕业设计融入到教学过程中,而非仅作为教学后的应用环节。四、深化校企合作,发挥企业在人才培养中的主体作用加强产学研合作,真正形成校企合力培养人才。发挥企业在制定培养方案、提供实训条件、共同指导项目等方面的主体作用。探索与企业联合设计课程体系的长效机制,使教学更贴近产业需求。五、转变教师观念,调整教师评价体系教师评价应强调产学研合作成果和解决实际工程技术问题的贡献,而不仅注重论文数量。需要营造鼓励教师投身实际工程创新的环境。要有耐心,而非一蹴而就。六、政府应营造鼓励改革的环境政府相关部门应转变只看重科研成果的思维,为学校改革提供政策支持和资金保障。与企业共同推动形成以市场需求为导向的新评价机制。综上,“理科化”固然需警惕,但改革更需要理性态度,在继承工程教育传统基础上,调整课程体系,深化校企合作,逐步探索一条中国特色的工程教育发展道路。这需要各方共同努力,才能根据经济社会需求培养高质量创新人才。

泡沫灭火器以其价格低廉、更换药液方法简单和使用方便等特点被多数企事业单位所购置备用。但是，因泡沫灭火器的维修保养、检查操作不当而引起的爆炸伤人事件亦有发生。所以，怎样安全使用泡沫灭火器是绝不可以漠然视之的问题。什么是泡沫灭火器泡沫灭火器，灭火原理是灭火时，能喷射出大量二氧化碳及泡沫，它们能粘附在可燃物上，使可燃物与空气隔绝，达到灭火的目的。泡沫灭火器有分为:手提式泡沫灭火器，推车式泡沫灭火器和空气式泡沫灭火器。泡沫灭火器存放应选择干燥、阴凉、通风并取用方便之处，不可靠近高温或可能受到曝晒的地方，以防止碳酸分解而失效;冬季要采取防冻措施，以防止冻结;并应经常擦除灰尘、疏通喷嘴，使之保持通畅。泡沫灭火器有分为:手提式泡沫灭火器，推车式泡沫灭火器和空气式泡沫灭火器。泡沫灭火器分类手提式泡沫灭火器：适用于A类火灾，但不能扑救B类火灾中的水溶性可燃、易燃液体的火灾，如醇、酯、醚、酮等物质火灾；也不能扑救带电设备及C类和D类火灾。推车式泡沫灭火器：适用于扑救一般B类火灾，如油制品、油脂等火灾，也可适用于A类、F类火灾，但不能扑救B类火灾中的水溶性可燃、易燃液体的火灾，如醇、酯、醚、酮等物质火灾；也不能扑救C类、D类和E类火灾。空气式泡沫灭火器：基本上与化学泡沫灭火器相同。但抗溶泡沫灭火器还能扑救水溶性易燃、可燃液体的火灾如醇、醚、酮等溶剂燃烧的初起火灾。泡沫灭火器的使用方法泡沫灭火器适宜扑灭油类及一般物质的初起火灾。使用时，用手握住灭火机的提环，平稳、快捷地提往火场，不要横扛、横拿。灭火时，一手握住提环，另一手握住筒身的底边，将灭火器颠倒过来，喷嘴对准火源，用力摇晃几下，即可灭火。注意事项：1.不要将灭火器的盖与底对着人体，防止盖、底弹出伤人。2.不要与水同时喷射在一起，以免影响灭火效果。3.扑灭电器火灾时，尽量先切断电源，防止人员触电。泡沫灭火器的原理及使用方法Al2(SO4)3+6NaHCO3==3Na2SO4+2Al(OH)3↓+6CO2↑根据二氧化碳既不能燃烧,也不能支持燃烧的性质,人们研制了各种各样的二氧化碳灭火器,有泡沫灭火器、干粉灭火器及液体二氧化碳灭火器.下面简要介绍泡沫灭火器的原理和使用方法.泡沫灭火器内有两个容器,分别盛放两种液体,它们是硫酸铝和碳酸氢钠溶液,两种溶液互不接触,不发生任何化学反应.（平时千万不能碰倒泡沫灭火器）当需要泡沫灭火器时,把灭火器倒立,两种溶液混合在一起,就会产生大量的二氧化碳气体：Al2(SO4)3+6NaHCO3==3Na2SO4+2Al(OH)3↓+6CO2↑除了两种反应物外,灭火器中还加入了一些发泡剂.打开开关,泡沫从灭火器中喷出,覆盖在燃烧物品上,使燃着的物质与空气隔离,并降低温度,达到灭火的目的.由于泡沫灭火器喷出的泡沫中含有大量水分,它不如二氧化碳液体灭火器,灭火后不污染物质,不留痕迹。

这个随便下载个文件管理器都可以查看并修改txt文本文件的。如es文件管理器，re文件管理器，TXT文件阅读器等，多到数不胜数啊。而且安卓自带的HTML查看器也可以查看txt文件，如果只是看txt文档，那么完全没有必要去下载。纯手打纯原创求采纳！欢迎继续提问！

《约客》的主旨：抒发了诗人与人约会却久候不至的焦虑与落寞情绪。诗人描绘出自己寂寞等待友人时的夏夜情景，以环境的幽静烘托诗人心中的烦躁与百无聊赖，抒发了诗人落寞失望的情怀。《约客》的赏析《约客》前两句“黄梅时节家家雨，青草池塘处处蛙”交代了诗人所处的环境和时令，描绘出江南梅雨季节的夏夜之景，以此烘托一片寂静的氛围;《约客》后两句“有约不来过夜半，闲敲棋子落灯花”表明了诗人心中的烦恼以及百无聊赖的心情。全诗具有浓厚的生活气息，笔调清新别致，写出了约客未至的一种怅惘的心情，可谓形神兼备。《约客》的全诗《约客》黄梅时节家家雨，青草池塘处处蛙。有约不来过夜半，闲敲棋子落灯花。

magnum opus

Hi, Tom , Are you good at English?Yes, I am. Why do you ask me this question?My English is poor. I want to know something about English studying skills to improve itOk, I have some advice for youYou are so nice, What should I do?You should remember English words as many as possible.And you should read English grammar, You know, it is very important.Ok, I see. What other things should I do?You also should read English articles, which is good for spoken English.Thank you very muchYou are welcome

一、工科教育过度“理科化”问题确实存在从报道中可以看出,不论是学生、教师还是用人企业,都反映出当前工科教育存在过度强调理论教学、忽视工程实践的问题。学生理论联系实际不足,教师注重论文轻视实际工程,导致毕业生无法适应企业需求。“工科理科化”不仅体现在课程设置上,也反映在教师培养和评价机制中。二、“理科化”有其历史积淀,但应警惕简单否定理论教学报道提到改革开放以来,受国外影响,中国工程教育逐渐向理论化倾斜。这既有历史原因,也与长期强调科研成果有关。但是,工科基础理论仍然不可或缺,过度拔高实践也有失偏颇。改革不能否定理论教学,而要实现理论教学和工程实践的有效统一。三、完善课程体系,强化理论与实践的结合当前应调整工科课程体系,合理设置理论课程的比例和进度,增加设计、项目实训等实践课程,加强理论联系实际。重视培养学生的系统设计和解决实际工程问题的综合能力。将实习、毕业设计融入到教学过程中,而非仅作为教学后的应用环节。四、深化校企合作,发挥企业在人才培养中的主体作用加强产学研合作,真正形成校企合力培养人才。发挥企业在制定培养方案、提供实训条件、共同指导项目等方面的主体作用。探索与企业联合设计课程体系的长效机制,使教学更贴近产业需求。五、转变教师观念,调整教师评价体系教师评价应强调产学研合作成果和解决实际工程技术问题的贡献,而不仅注重论文数量。需要营造鼓励教师投身实际工程创新的环境。要有耐心,而非一蹴而就。六、政府应营造鼓励改革的环境政府相关部门应转变只看重科研成果的思维,为学校改革提供政策支持和资金保障。与企业共同推动形成以市场需求为导向的新评价机制。综上,“理科化”固然需警惕,但改革更需要理性态度,在继承工程教育传统基础上,调整课程体系,深化校企合作,逐步探索一条中国特色的工程教育发展道路。这需要各方共同努力,才能根据经济社会需求培养高质量创新人才。

导语：泡沫灭火器是发生火灾时常用的灭火器类型之一，而泡沫灭火器又分为三种，一种是手提式泡沫灭火器，一种是空气式泡沫灭火器，另一种是推车式泡沫灭火器。这篇文章主要为大家介绍泡沫灭火器原理是什么。泡沫灭火器的分类泡沫灭火器主要分为三类，手提式泡沫灭火器、空气式泡沫灭火器以及推车式泡沫灭火器：1.手提式泡沫灭火器：被广泛应用于扑救B类型的火灾，比如因为油制品而发生的火灾，但也可以用于扑救A类型的火灾，但是，水溶性可燃液体，比如醇、酯和醚等液体和带电设备引起的火灾以及C类型和D类型的火灾是不能用手提式泡沫灭火器扑救的；2.空气式泡沫灭火器：又被称为抗溶泡沫灭火器，可以弥补手提式泡沫灭火器的不足，用于扑救水溶性可燃液体引起的火灾。使用空气式泡沫灭火器的时候要注意使灭火器处于直立的状态并且一直紧紧握住开启压把；3.推车式泡沫灭火器：一般被用于扑救B类型的火灾，也可以用于扑救A类型的火灾和F类型的火灾，但是对于C类型和D类型以及E类型的火灾时不能被应用的。在灭火时，喷射距离越远，喷射的时间越长，灭火效果越好，因此，推车式泡沫灭火器又被用于扑救大型的油罐车等地发生的火灾；泡沫灭火器的原理泡沫灭火器的原理十分简单，就是在使用泡沫灭火器的时候，灭火器能够喷射出大量的二氧化碳。泡沫灭火器的内部装有两个容器，一个容器盛有硫酸铝，另一个容器装有碳酸氢钠溶液。这两个容器是分别独立的，因此这两种化学物品互不接触，不会发生任何化学反应。当要使用泡沫灭火器时，就把灭火器倒立，使得两种溶液相互接触并且混合在一起，发生化学反应，产生大量的二氧化碳。不仅如此，在灭火器里还有一些发泡剂用来产生泡沫。在使用泡沫灭火器的时候打开开关，泡沫会从开口处喷出，覆盖在物品上，隔绝氧气并且降低燃烧物品的温度，因而达到灭火的目的。而且喷出的泡沫里还含有大量的水分，不会产生任何污染物。　　泡沫灭火器的原理使用　　化学泡沫灭火器灭火原理方程：Al2(SO4)3+6NaHCO3==3Na2SO4+2Al(OH)3↓+6CO2↑　　根据二氧化碳既不能燃烧，也不能支持燃烧的性质，人们研制了各种各样的二氧化碳灭火器，有泡沫灭火器、干粉灭火器及液体二氧化碳灭火器。下面简要介绍化学泡沫灭火器的原理和使用方法：　　化学泡沫灭火器内有两个容器，分别盛放两种液体，它们是硫酸铝和碳酸氢钠溶液，分别放置在内筒和外筒，内筒内为Al2(SO4)3，外筒内为NaHCO3，两种溶液互不接触，不发生任何化学反应。(平时千万不能碰倒泡沫灭火器)当需要泡沫灭火器时，把灭火器倒立，两种溶液混合在一起，就会产生大量的二氧化碳气体：　　除了两种反应物外，灭火器中还加入了一些发泡剂。发泡剂能使泡沫灭火器在打开开关时能喷射出大量二氧化碳以及泡沫，能黏附在燃烧物品上，使燃着的物质与空气隔离，并降低温度，达到灭火的目的。由于泡沫灭火器喷出的泡沫中含有大量水分，它不如二氧化碳液体灭火器，后者灭火后不污染物质，不留痕迹。　　泡沫灭火器的适用范围　　可用来扑灭A类火灾，如木材、棉布等固体物质燃烧引起的失火;最适宜扑救B类火灾，如汽油、柴油等液体火灾;不能扑救水溶性可燃、易燃液体的火灾(如：醇、酯、醚、酮等物质)和E类(带电)火灾。　　此类灭火器是通过筒体内酸性溶液与碱性溶液混合发生化学反应，将生成的泡沫压出喷嘴，喷射出去进行灭火的。它除了用于扑救一般固体物质火灾外，还能扑救油类等可燃液体火灾，但不能扑救带电设备(使用特殊喷嘴除外)和醇、酮、酯、醚等有机溶剂发生的火灾(抗溶泡沫灭火剂除外)。泡沫灭火器有MP型手提式、MPZ型手提舟车式和MPT型推车式三种类型。通过这篇文章，大家是否对泡沫灭火器原理有了进一步的了解呢？