barriers / 阅读 / 详情

Topical formulations

2023-08-19 07:35:50
共1条回复
nicehost

有关题目公式化的表述

相关推荐

主题用英语怎样说

theme [θi:m] n. 题目, 主题例句与用法:A slow theme introduces the first movement. 第一乐章以缓慢的主旋律开始。Peace was the dominant theme of the conference. 和平是大会的首要议题。The main theme of the book is obscured by frequent digressions. 该书文字枝蔓,主题不明。The historical aspect formed the main theme of her essay. 她的论文的主题是由历史观点贯穿起来的。
2023-08-11 07:31:582

topical application是什么意思

典型应用。。。。
2023-08-11 07:32:083

外用,请勿口服和误入眼内用英语怎么说

请勿口服 Do not误入眼内 Go inside the eye
2023-08-11 07:32:262

猫猫身上有一块一块的硬壳子 类似于这种 是猫癣吗

花100块钱卖的药就好了。
2023-08-11 07:32:434

猫湿疹用什么药

1、湿疹简介猫湿疹是一种基于过敏反应的皮肤病,主要表现在耳后、面部和脖子等位置,患处皮肤会出现红肿、瘙痒和炎症等症状。令人遗憾的是,这是一种难以治愈的病症。所以,在治疗的过程中,需要不断尝试以找到最有效的医治方案。2、常用的湿疹药物许多的药品可用来治疗湿疹,但很少有一种药即对所有患者都有效。以下是一些常用的药物:2.1类固醇药膏类固醇药膏是针对炎症及瘙痒等症状的治疗药物。由于使用不能过度,以及会导致副作用,如皮肤变薄,所以请仅在症状加剧时使用。2.2抗生素使用抗生素是针对由细菌感染引起的症状的选择性治疗药物。抗生素可口服或者外用,但也许会引起副作用。所以在使用前,请咨询兽医或者有资质的药剂师。2.3TopicalImmunomodulators局部免疫调节药物是一种新型药物,用于防止炎症和其他湿疹症状。虽然对猫的作用有限,但这类药物对于患者是绝佳的选择。如果在治疗过程中感到不适,应立即停药并咨询兽医。3、选用药品时的注意事项保证病情能够得到有效治疗的同时,还需要在选择药品时注意以下几点:3.1药品的副作用药物的使用还许会产生意想不到的过敏反应,如呕吐、腹泻、中毒等。在使用药物时,请咨询兽医,并在使用过程中密切观察猫咪的反应。3.2药物的用法与用量严格按照指示使用药物,并且不要自行调整药品用量。如果使用不当,则会导致对猫咪的进一步威胁。如果对药品使用方法不确定,建议咨询兽医。3.3治疗时的环境在猫咪湿疹治疗过程中,请保持它的环境整洁和清爽,避免使用有刺激的化学药品。总的来说,治疗猫湿疹是一个需要耐心和坚持不懈的过程。虽然湿疹并不容易治愈,但在经过兽医的指导并积极的行动中,您的猫咪还是可以得到有效的治疗。
2023-08-11 07:32:511

SCI论文分为哪些类型?

  投稿SCI期刊论文时往往需要选择文章的类型。那么SCI论文分为哪些类型呢?各个类型又是什么含义?SCI期刊发表的文章主要分为下面几种类型:   1)论文(paper/article)   高质量原始研究报告,其结论代表了该领域的重大进展。   2)信(letter)   优秀的简明文章,报道重要的、新的和及时的发展。这些文章应该是值得优先审查的,你在提交这类文章时需要同时上传一份理由说明。   3)专刊论文(Special issue article)   专刊论文是一个特定主题的论文特别集合。当要求在提交系统上选择“文章类型”时,请选择“专刊论文”。然后在出现的下拉框中选择要提交的专刊,您的论文发表后就会被收录在该专刊。   4)专题评论(Topical review)   这些文章由所在领域的主要研究人员撰写,介绍特定领域的背景和概况,以及当前的技术状况。专题评论文章通常由编辑委员会邀请撰写。   5)评论(Comment)   对以前在杂志上发表的(记录的最终出版版本)作品的评论或批评。如果评论被认为是适当的,将邀请原文章的作者提交回复。   6)勘误表(Corrigendum)   修正作者文章中的遗漏或错误的文章。   7)补遗(Corrigendum)   以前在杂志上发表的作品的附加信息,通常由原作者撰写,用来补充原来的研究文章被认为不够的内容。
2023-08-11 07:33:551

自然语言处理 语言模型 有哪些

最近我们实验室整理发布了一批开源NLP工具包,这里列一下,欢迎大家使用。未来不定期更新。2016年3月31日更新,在THULAC新增Python版本分词器,欢迎使用。中文词法分析THULAC:一个高效的中文词法分析工具包包括中文分词、词性标注功能。已经提供C++、Java、Python版本。中文文本分类THUCTC: 一个高效的中文文本分类工具提供高效的中文文本特征提取、分类训练和测试功能。THUTag: 关键词抽取与社会标签推荐工具包GitHub - YeDeming/THUTag: A Package of Keyphrase Extraction and Social Tag Suggestion提供关键词抽取、社会标签推荐功能,包括TextRank、ExpandRank、Topical PageRank(TPR)、Tag-LDA、Word Trigger Model、Word Alignment Model等算法。PLDA / PLDA+: 一个高效的LDA分布式学习工具包https://code.google.com/archive/p/plda/知识表示学习知识表示学习工具包GitHub - Mrlyk423/Relation_Extraction: Knowledge Base Embedding包括TransE、TransH、TransR、PTransE等算法。考虑实体描述的知识表示学习算法GitHub - xrb92/DKRL: Representation Learning of Knowledge Graphs with Entity Descriptions词表示学习跨语言词表示学习算法Learning Cross-lingual Word Embeddings via Matrix Co-factorization主题增强的词表示学习算法GitHub - largelymfs/topical_word_embeddings: A demo code for topical word embedding可解释的词表示学习算法GitHub - SkTim/OIWE: Online Interpretable Word Embeddings考虑字的词表示学习算法GitHub - Leonard-Xu/CWE网络表示学习文本增强的网络表示学习算法GitHub - albertyang33/TADW: code for IJCAI2015 paper "Network Representation Learning with Rich Text Information"
2023-08-11 07:34:051

英语问题

当然选C啊!翻译:所有的警察都是当地人!挺简单的啊!
2023-08-11 07:34:187

英语毕业论文提纲

英语毕业论文提纲模板   紧张又充实的`大学生活即将结束,毕业前要通过最后的毕业论文,毕业论文是一种有准备的检验学生学习成果的形式,毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢?以下是我整理的英语毕业论文提纲模板,希望能够帮助到大家。   英语毕业论文提纲 篇1   Acknowledgements 4-6   Contents 6-10   List of Figures 10-12   List of Tables 12-20   Abstract 20-22   摘要 23-25   Chapter 1 Introduction 25-32   1.1 Purpose of the study and research questions 28-29   1.2 Significance of the study 29-30   1.3 Organization of the study 30-31   1.4 A note on terminology 31-32   Chapter 2 Literature review 32-51   2.1 T/TP and coherence in English writing 32-35   2.1.1 Defining coherence 32-33   2.1.2 T/TP as means to realize coherence 33-35   2.2 T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 35-42   2.2.1 T/TP and coherence in EFL/ESL writing 35-37   2.2.2 T/TP in EFL/ESL writing as compared to NS writing 37-42   2.3 T/TP in English research articles by EFL/ESL scholars 42-44   2.4 The factors that influence T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 44-47   2.5 Training in T/TP 47-49   2.6 Summary 49-51   Chapter 3 Theoretical background 51-70   3.1 Systemic Functional Grammar 51-55   3.1.1 Five dimensions of language as a semiotic system 51-53   3.1.2 Three metafunctions of language as a functional system 53-54   3.1.3 Three lines of meaning from metafunctions 54-55   3.2 Theme and thematic progression 55-70   3.2.1 Theme 56-62   3.2.2 Thematic progression 62-70   Chapter 4 Research Design 70-88   4.1 The participants and the educational context 70-73   4.1.1 Background of the participants and the participating school 70   4.1.2 The allocation of participants to the training 70-71   4.1.3 The sample sizes 71-72   4.1.4 The pilot study 72-73   4.2 The interventional procedures 73-74   4.3 The questionnaire 74-75   4.4 The training 75-80   4.4.1 Considerations behind the training 75-76   4.4.2 The training material 76-79   4.4.3 The role of the researcher as the trainer 79-80   4.5 Data analysis 80-86   4.5.1 Analysis of the writing 80-86   4.5.2 Analysis of the questionnaire 86   4.6 Ethical considerations 86-88   4.6.1 Informed consent 86-87   4.6.2 Anonymity 87   4.6.3 Harm 87-88   Chapter 5 Results and analysis of pre-training writing 88-115   5.1 Comparison of Themes in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 88-102   5.1.1 Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 88-91   5.1.2 Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 91-95   5.1.3 Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 95-100   5.1.4 Interpersonal Themes 100-102   5.2 Comparison of thematic progression in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 102-110   5.2.1 Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 102-107   5.2.2 Back,contextual and new Themes 107-110   5.3 Summary 110-115   Chapter 6 Results and analysis of post-training writing 115-137   6.1 Comparison of Themes in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 115-129   6.1.1 Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 115-117   6.1.2 Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 117-121   6.1.3 Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 121-126   6.1.4 Interpersonal Themes 126-129   6.2 Comparison of thematic progression in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 129-132   6.2.1 Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 129-131   6.2.2 Back,contextual and new Themes 131-132   6.3 Summary 132-137   Chapter 7 Results and analysis of pre- and post- training writing 137-155   7.1 Comparison of Themes in pre- and post- training writing 137-147   7.1.1 Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 137-139   7.1.2 Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 139-142   7.1.3 Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 142-145   7.1.4 Interpersonal Themes 145-147   7.2 Comparison of thematic progression in pre- and post- training writing 147-150   7.2.1 Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 147-149   7.2.2 Back,contextual and new Themes 149-150   7.3 Summary 150-155   Chapter 8 Results and analysis of the questionnaire 155-165   8.1 Findings from closed questions 155-160   8.1.1 EEL participants" general attitude to training on T/TP 155-157   8.1.2 EEL participants" perception of the usefulness of the training on T/TP 157-158   8.1.3 EEL participants" perception of the learnability of T/TP 158-159   8.1.4 EEL participants" perception of the applicability of T/TP in writing 159-160   8.2 Findings from open questions 160-164   8.2.1 The changes that occurred 161-162   8.2.2 The perceived difficulty of applying the theory of T/TP in writing 162-163   8.2.3 The reasons for the perceived difficulty in learning 163   8.2.4 EEL participants" suggestions for future training 163-164   8.3 Summary 164-165   Chapter 9 Discussion 165-195   9.1 Findings with regard to research questions 165-187   9.1.1 Chinese college students" use of T/TP in pre-training writing 165-172   9.1.2 Chinese college students" use of T/TP in post-training writing 172-181   9.1.3 Effects of the training on T/TP in Chinese college students" English writing 181-187   9.2 Positioning the study within the literature 187-190   9.2.1 T/TP in Chinese college students" English writing 187-189   9.2.2 Effects of training on Chinese college students" use of T/TP 189-190   9.3 Implications 190-194   9.3.1 Pedagogical implication 190-193   9.3.2 Methodological implication 193-194   9.4 Limitations 194-195   Chapter 10 Conclusion 195-200   10.1 Summary 195-197   10.2 Putting everything together 197-199   10.3 Suggestions for future work 199-200   Notes 200-202   References 202-214   Appendix 1: Plan for the interventional procedures 214-215   Appendix 2: The post-training questionnaire 215-217   Appendix 3: Training material 217-229   Appendix 4: Teachers" guide to the training 229-237   Appendix 5: Consent form for EEL group 237-238   Appendix 6: Consent form for CEL group 238-239   Appendix 7: Consent form for NS group 239   英语毕业论文提纲 篇2   中文摘要 3-4   ABSTRACT 4   Chapter One Introduction 7-10   1.1 Motivation of the present study 7-8   1.2 Significance of this study 8   1.3 Composition of this thesis 8-10   Chapter Two Literature Review 10-19   2.1 Language production 10-14   2.1.1 L1 Production 10-11   2.1.2 L2 Production 11-12   2.1.3 Dimensions of language production 12-14   2.2 Theories on oral output 14-15   2.2.1 Skehan"s dual-model system 14   2.2.2 Swain"s Output Hypothesis 14-15   2.3 Task Repetition 15-17   2.3.1 Task 15-16   2.3.2 Task repetition 16-17   2.4 Relevant studies on effects of task repetition on L2 oral output 17-19   CHARPTER THREE THE CURRENT STUDY 19-25   3.1 Research justification and questions 19   3.2 Hypothesis 19-20   3.3 Methods 20-25   3.3.1 Participants 20-21   3.3.2 Material 21   3.3.3 Research design 21-23   3.3.4 Measures 23-25   Chapter Four Results and Discussion 25-41   4.1 Results and Analysis 25-34   4.1.1 Quantitative analysis 25-27   4.1.2 Qualitative analysis 27-34   4.2 Discussion 34-41   4.2.1 Fluency 34-36   4.2.2 Complexity 36-38   4.2.3 Accuracy 38-39   4.2.4 interlanguage development path of learner L 39-41   Chapter Five Conclusions 41-44   5.1 Conclusion and implication 41-43   5.2 Limitations and recommendations 43-44   Acknowledgements 44-45   References 45-49   Appendixes 49-54   A. Instructions of the experiment 49-50   B. The same-content task 50-51   C. The different-content task 51-52   D. Sample of oral pre-task 52-53   E. Sample of oral post-task 53-54   F. Sample of writing repetition task 54   英语毕业论文提纲 篇3   Contents   Chapter 1 Introduction   1.1 Research Background   1.2 Significance of the Study   1.3 Research Goals and Questions   1.4 Data Collection and Methodology   1.5 Analysis Procedures   1.6 Organization of the Thesis   Chapter 2 Literature Review   2.1 Introduction to Appraisal Theory   2.2 Studies on Appraisal Theory   2.2.1 Studies on Appraisal Theory Abroad   2.2.2 Studies on Appraisal Theory at Home   2.3 Studies on Personal Statements   2.3.1 Introduction to Personal Statement   2.4 Summary   Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework   3.1 An Overview of Attitude System   3.2 Affect Resources   3.3 Judgment Resources   3.3.1 Social Esteem   3.3.2 Social Sanction   3.4 Appreciation Resources   3.5 Interactions of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation   3.6 Borders of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation   3.7 Summary   Appendix 1: Papers Published during Graduate Studies   Appendix 2: Some Samples of the Study   References   Acknowledgements ;
2023-08-11 07:34:461

风油精英语怎么说?

问题一:风油精用英语怎么说 essential balm,药盒上都这么写。 问题二:"风油精" 用英文怎么讲 Essential Balm 风油精的英文说明书上这么写的 问题三:风油精的英文,风油精的翻译,怎么用英语翻译风油精 wind medicated oil 问题四:风油精 英文shiyong说明 风油精 (FengYouJing) Description (简介) Essential balm, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, Liu acid methyl ester plus liquid paraffin, chlorophyll, essential oils, made with green liquid drugs. Wide range of applications, headache, rheumatic pain, toothache, motion sickness, seasickness, etc. have a certain effect. Under normal circumstances, topical administration, but if necessary can also be oral. Functions and Indications (功效及使用指示) Cool, *** gesic, carminative, anti-itch. For mosquito bites, colds, headache, dizziness, motion sickness disfort. Have a good effect for the removal of adhesive stickers on the furniture. Usage Dosage(使用剂量) This product is for external use, rub on the affected area, oral (4-6 drops each time); reduce dosage for children or consult physician or pharmacist. Caution (注意) 1. Pregnant women and children under the age of three, use with caution. 2. Not to be used on skin burns, chapped skin and ulcers. 3. Avoid contact with eyes. 4. Stop using if skin bees red, swollen, and itchy during or after use. 5. The cap of the bottle should be kept tight and the bottle should be stored in a cool place. 6. Stop using if the properties changed. 7. Use on children must be under *** supervision. 8. Keep out of reach of children. 9. If you are taking other drugs, please consult your physician or pharmacist before using. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~纯人手翻译,欢迎采纳~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...>> 问题五:请问皮子或皮革护理液用英语怎么说 风油精menthol balm 皮革护理Leather car solution 问题六:英语风油精产品介绍 Thje mint oil is very useful for curing car sick, dizziness becuase of the heat and mosqitol bites. it"s a medicine that"s really usual for chinese families in the summer. however, you should be careful when using it. you can apply it only on your skin, don"t eat it or let it enter your eyes. also, you should put it in a place where chilren can"t reach it. 清凉油,用处:用于蚊虫叮咬,晕车,天气炎热引起头痛等。清凉油夏季中国家庭常用药品。注意事项:外用,请勿口服和误入眼内放在儿童不能触及的地方。 问题七:风油精用英语怎么说 essential balm,药盒上都这么写。 问题八:"风油精" 用英文怎么讲 Essential Balm 风油精的英文说明书上这么写的 问题九:风油精的英文,风油精的翻译,怎么用英语翻译风油精 wind medicated oil 问题十:风油精 英文shiyong说明 风油精 (FengYouJing) Description (简介) Essential balm, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, Liu acid methyl ester plus liquid paraffin, chlorophyll, essential oils, made with green liquid drugs. Wide range of applications, headache, rheumatic pain, toothache, motion sickness, seasickness, etc. have a certain effect. Under normal circumstances, topical administration, but if necessary can also be oral. Functions and Indications (功效及使用指示) Cool, *** gesic, carminative, anti-itch. For mosquito bites, colds, headache, dizziness, motion sickness disfort. Have a good effect for the removal of adhesive stickers on the furniture. Usage Dosage(使用剂量) This product is for external use, rub on the affected area, oral (4-6 drops each time); reduce dosage for children or consult physician or pharmacist. Caution (注意) 1. Pregnant women and children under the age of three, use with caution. 2. Not to be used on skin burns, chapped skin and ulcers. 3. Avoid contact with eyes. 4. Stop using if skin bees red, swollen, and itchy during or after use. 5. The cap of the bottle should be kept tight and the bottle should be stored in a cool place. 6. Stop using if the properties changed. 7. Use on children must be under *** supervision. 8. Keep out of reach of children. 9. If you are taking other drugs, please consult your physician or pharmacist before using. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~纯人手翻译,欢迎采纳~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...>>
2023-08-11 07:34:581

tips这个词的来源请问tips这个词是怎么来的

tips英 [tu026aps] 美 [tu026aps] abbr.Tax Intercept Programs 税务拦截计划;to insure prompt service (gratuities) 确保快捷服务(赏金);topical information packages 论题信息包n.顶端( tip的名词复数 );倾斜;末端;(鸟或飞机的)翼尖v.(使)某物侧边提高,倾斜,翻倒( tip的第三人称单数 );给小费;将(所盛之物)倒出;轻打。
2023-08-11 07:35:071

担任学习委员用英语怎么说?

charge with study commissary
2023-08-11 07:35:289

药品外盒上面有个外是什么意思代表什么类型的药

外用药
2023-08-11 07:35:488

analgesic balm是什么意思

analgesic balm是一种抗刺激药(含薄荷脑和水杨酸甲酯的香膏)[网络短语] analgesic balm 镇痛唇膏,止痛膏,镇痛膏
2023-08-11 07:36:311

Dermovαte Topicαl Creαm是什么意思?

Dermovate Topical Cream去皮乳膏
2023-08-11 07:36:532

谈论的网络解释谈论的网络解释是什么

谈论的网络解释是:谈论谈论,拼音tánlùn,是指以谈话的方法表示对人对事的看法。谈论的网络解释是:谈论谈论,拼音tánlùn,是指以谈话的方法表示对人对事的看法。注音是:ㄊㄢ_ㄌㄨㄣ_。拼音是:tánlùn。词性是:动词。结构是:谈(左右结构)论(左右结构)。谈论的具体解释是什么呢,我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍:一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】谈论tánlùn。(1)以谈话的方法表示对人对事的看法。二、引证解释⒈谈说议论。引《韩非子·说难》:“故__谈论之士,不可不察爱憎之主而后_焉。”唐杜甫《别李义》诗:“洗然遇知己,谈论淮湖奔。”巴金《寒夜》二五:“人们带笑地谈论战争的消息。”三、国语词典言谈议论。关于谈论的近义词辩论评论议论讨论关于谈论的反义词沉默关于谈论的诗词《刘农伯过访静公适至谈论甚快别后有诗见寄依韵答和》关于谈论的诗句谈论淮湖奔在一间面向院子的洁净房间里这院子处于黑夜的力量与圆满之下我们谈论无关的事物而是巨大而阴暗仿佛一座远山的暮色而猜想和记忆又接替那隐约的谈论如深不可测的一声回响关于谈论的单词discussiondiscusswithtopicalspeakabouttalemakewordsmakeanoise关于谈论的成语长谈阔论谈古论今谈论风生高谈大论高谈弘论迂谈阔论高谈虚论阔论高谈虚论浮谈谈今论古关于谈论的词语谈今论古迂谈阔论高谈弘论高谈阔论虚谈高论长谈阔论高谈剧论谈古论今阔论高谈谈论风生关于谈论的造句1、对于昨晚的电视连续剧,大家没有一点谈论的兴趣,只有老王在那里津津乐道。2、我们尽可谈论美的事物,然而美本身却是抽象的。3、他们正在谈论昨天的会议。4、开学第一天,同学们都兴奋地谈论着各自的假期见闻。5、虽然过了几十年,但那本谈论经济原理的书,依然是_所公认的一字千金之作,无可取代。点此查看更多关于谈论的详细信息
2023-08-11 07:38:431

All the police at the station are_____men A.topical B.local C.native D.neighbourly 选哪一个??

选B 一位 当地人 相当于 local people
2023-08-11 07:38:501

谈论的拼音狐谈论的拼音是什么

谈论的读音是:tánlùn。谈论的拼音是:tánlùn。词性是:动词。注音是:ㄊㄢ_ㄌㄨㄣ_。结构是:谈(左右结构)论(左右结构)。谈论的具体解释是什么呢,我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍:一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】谈论tánlùn。(1)以谈话的方法表示对人对事的看法。二、引证解释⒈谈说议论。引《韩非子·说难》:“故__谈论之士,不可不察爱憎之主而后_焉。”唐杜甫《别李义》诗:“洗然遇知己,谈论淮湖奔。”巴金《寒夜》二五:“人们带笑地谈论战争的消息。”三、国语词典言谈议论。四、网络解释谈论谈论,拼音tánlùn,是指以谈话的方法表示对人对事的看法。关于谈论的近义词评论议论讨论辩论关于谈论的反义词沉默关于谈论的诗词《刘农伯过访静公适至谈论甚快别后有诗见寄依韵答和》关于谈论的诗句对人谈论气如虹醉中谈论心犹壮在一间面向院子的洁净房间里这院子处于黑夜的力量与圆满之下我们谈论无关的事物关于谈论的单词discussiondiscusswithmakeanoisespeakabouttopicaltalemakewords关于谈论的成语高谈弘论虚论浮谈阔论高谈谈古论今谈天论地奇谈怪论谈今论古迂谈阔论谈论风生高谈大论关于谈论的词语阔论高谈虚论浮谈谈论风生高谈大论高谈阔论长谈阔论高谈弘论谈古论今高谈虚论谈天论地关于谈论的造句1、对于昨晚的电视连续剧,大家没有一点谈论的兴趣,只有老王在那里津津乐道。2、这部大家期待已久的电影还没上映,大家就兴致勃勃地谈论起了它。3、这个无聊的话题不值得谈论。4、他们正在谈论昨天的会议。5、虽然过了几十年,但那本谈论经济原理的书,依然是_所公认的一字千金之作,无可取代。点此查看更多关于谈论的详细信息
2023-08-11 07:38:571

新买的兔子需要做体外驱虫吗?

可以做,买这个“长效球虫防疫针”,连球虫、寄生虫一起除
2023-08-11 07:39:081

topical cream 中文药名是什么?

```````````外用乳膏````````````
2023-08-11 07:39:251

LTR是什么意思

应该是Long Time Relationship.
2023-08-11 07:40:084

印度神油英文名称

tWJ艰
2023-08-11 07:40:256

请求详细解析一道英语阅读题

CABD 68、 If they knew that objects are solid and they reached out for the illusion and found empty air, they could be expected to show surprise in their faces and movements这句话中的they could be expected to show surprise in their faces and movements表示说。如果小孩show surprise 的话,就说明他们可以认知道原本在的东西不见了,这是对事物的一种认识。而不是A所说的视觉效果,因为他们都是可以看到的。B是实验堆baby的影响也不对,D是不同的实验来测试baby的感觉,也不对69 、We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. But does a baby realize that a ball that rolls under a chair does not disappear and go to never-never land? 这短话是说把box藏在门背后,然后当box消失的时候看baby是否会惊讶,显然16周和22周的baby给出了不同的反应。所以答案显然是A。70、文章第三段以后很多次提到了screen,所以实验者显然用到了screen来作为道具,所以选B71、可以用排除法来做:A,实验中给孩子们看到东西在哪里,并且孩子可以找到。所以错B,train 和ball 是实验者的道具,并不是baby的选择。所以错C,这是实验者的实验,不是baby自主想要做的事情。所以错答案只有D是正确的,孩子无法辨别真实的东西跟视觉虚拟的东西。
2023-08-11 07:40:422

对open access熟知的同胞能否告知有哪些好处啊,看到美国科研出版社是OA期刊,想投稿。。

上面同学 提到的美国科研出版社的《临床医学》IJCM这篇文章,因为是OPEN ACCESS的,也就是所有的文章都可以免费阅读和下载。我也在该期刊出版社网站下载看过,这文章点击下载量之所以多,是因为文章写的确实很好,同时也说明作为平台的该期刊质量水平较高层次,通过这本期刊网站的Indexing看到其已经被CrossRef、Google Scholar、CAS、CSP、Gale、SHERPA/RoMEO、ProQuest、DOAJ等数据库收录,影响因子当然不小咯。
2023-08-11 07:41:051

英语过去式作文,My busy day.

My Busy Day>Here begins the tale of my day of many mods. I am going to withhold the names and location of where I got my work done, since the Midwest is conservative, and the city where I got my work done has outlawed scarification, and I don"t want to get anyone who helped me to get into any trouble for a good deed they did.I don"t claim to be any less crazy than any of you who submit to this site (not that I"m passing judgment), and my times of turmoil have had their effect on me. At one of my craziest times, about a year ago, I went through a cutting phase and did about 50 cuts with razor blades, obviously not the smartest thing to do. From that exposition, the most prominent scars were two large ones on my upper arms. They are approximately eight inches long and between 1/4" to 1/2" thick. I wanted to take control of them and turn them into something beautiful, and not let them have control over me. I don"t want them to be a reminder of how crazy I can be; I want them to be a reminder, a beacon of how I am in control of my body, my actions, and my life.I worked at a piercing/tattoo parlor and I was moving, so I needed to have all of my work done before I left. I was adding to the scars on my arms, branding around the scar on my right arm, and scalpeling around the scar on my left arm, getting my guiche pierced, and finishing a large tattoo on my right thigh. The day of my mods, I was very excited, nervous, and a bit scared. I made sure to eat plenty of food for lunch; I knew I was in for a long day. My one concern was that, since I was moving, I had gone out with a friend the night before, and was a bit hung over. But I was going to stop because of that. I got to the shop a little after 4. I was having two different piercers do the cutting and burning, so as I entered the piercing room, they followed me in. After we got done talking about my impending move and work about to be done, they began to mark the spots on my arms, draw up sketches for reference, and see how my skin moves so that the scars would heal evenly, and not bulge out in spots. We also put some topical anesthetic on my right arm, because, hey, I had never been burned before, and I wasn"t sure how bad it was going to hurt.I was getting the cutting done first, and after the lines were marked, we locked the door and got to work. I was getting six lines cut in all, and I was anxious to get to it. The first line was good, I have some masochistic tendencies, and I"ve always been a fan of how cuts feel. "The old familiar sting," to quote NIN, felt superb. We used four scalpels all together, I think and each cut felt better and better. I could feel my skin open up, and it was wonderful. There was a lot of blood, and we got some good pictures of me with my piercer. We did a pressing of the cuts, so I have the shape of them in a blood outline that I still have yet to frame. They now look really good, I just need to get the bottom cut gone over again a little deeper, because we went over it tentatively because it was the first cut. I am really pleased with how it turned out.After that I went out and had a cigarette, I needed to relax a little. I wasn"t in pain, I was just too excited and my adrenaline and endorphins had me bouncing off the walls. I went back in and it was time to get my guiche done. I wasn"t at all worried about getting that done, I had it done before, so I knew what to expect. It wasn"t healing well the first time I had it done, so I took it out, and I had the jewelry sterilized so I could try it again, hopefully with better luck this time. The jewelry is a sweet 6-gauge 5/8" diameter pink titanium circular barbell. I took off my pants, lied on the table, spread my legs and had the piercing done. Something that has consistently surprised me has been how little genital piercings hurt, well, at least all of them other than my apadravya. To report on how my guiche is doing: sadly enough, it fell out last week. I went to take a piss, and lo and behold, the fucker was gone. I guess I"m just not supposed to have a guiche piercing. < p> After another cigarette and a can of Coke, I was back in the room. I felt stoked cause I was halfway done with my list of stuff for the day. The anesthetic had started to work, which was good, because it was time for the branding. I was doing six curved lines around this scar, and we had only one cautery pen, so I hoped things proceeded well. The piercer who had done my cutting warned me that the pen might not hold up for the entire length of what we needed. This branding would be done by the pierced who had just done my guiche. I lied back on the table, and it was time to begin. The anesthetic helped a bit, but there were some parts where I could definitely feel the searing of my skin. It was pretty intense, but once I focused my thoughts, the tingle felt almost good. The stench, however, was horrible. We had the windows open and some incense burning, but damn. The smell of burning flesh was permeating everywhere. And all of a sudden, mid-line, then pen burned out. The othe r piercer was like "told you so." So, the piercer told me to come back in about three months to get it finished. We left the room and then stunk up the whole studio. The place smelled like a crematorium. The smell of singed flesh and hair was thick in the air, and since it was a Friday night, it was busy in the shop, and many of the patrons had a disgusted look on their faces. It scabbed really well, much to the delight of my girlfriend. Apparently she"s a huge fan of scabs, and was begging me every day to let her pick them off. All the scabs are off now, and they look really good. Just another two months and I can get it finished.After yet another cig break and some food and pop to keep my blood sugar up, it was time to get tattooed. I had about two hours ahead of me. I don"t remember exactly how much time it took, by that point I was fairly worn down. I sat for that, and it turned out really well. It"s a large Ganesh piece on my right thigh. I love that tattoo so much.So after my long day, I was fuckin" beat. I had been cut, pierced, branded, and tattooed. I felt tired and weary. Another unfortunate thing was that since I was moving, I had a going away party to go to that night. I was so tired and weary. And then I didn"t even get to leave the party and get to bed until after 7am. Then I woke up at 3pm the next day and dropped acid with a friend of mine. So it was a great way to finish my stay in the city. And my body was, amazingly enough, able to withstand it all.
2023-08-11 07:41:224

【译文】怎样在R语言中使用SQL命令

(downloader) library(dplyr)library(sqldf)library(data.table)library(ggplot2)library(compare)library(plotrix)主要的错误处理函数tryCatch()我们将使用这个函数来处理下载的数据。由于数据以季度频率发布,每年都会有四个观_值(每年有四条记录)。执行这个函数能自己主动下载数据,但假设某些季度数据从网上无法获取(尚未发布)。该函数会返回一条错误信息表示无法找到数据集。如今让我们下载数据的压缩包并将其解压。try.error = function(url){ try_error = tryCatch(download(url,dest="data.zip"), error=function(e) e) if (!inherits(try_error, "error")){ download(url,dest="data.zip") unzip ("data.zip") } else if (inherits(try_error, "error")){ cat(url,"not found ") } }下载不良事件数据我们能够得到自2004年起的FDA不良事件数据。本文将使用2013年以来发布的数据,我们将检查截至当前时间的最新数据并下载。> Sys.time() 函数会返回当前的日期和时间。> data.table包中的year()函数会从之前返回的当前时间中提取年份信息。我们将下载人口、药物、诊断/指示,结果和反应(不良事件)数据。year_start=2013year_last=year(Sys.time())for (i in year_start:year_last){ j=c(1:4) for (m in j){ url1<-paste0("http://www.nber.org/fda/faers/",i,"/demo",i,"q",m,".csv.zip") url2<-paste0("http://www.nber.org/fda/faers/",i,"/drug",i,"q",m,".csv.zip") url3<-paste0("http://www.nber.org/fda/faers/",i,"/reac",i,"q",m,".csv.zip") url4<-paste0("http://www.nber.org/fda/faers/",i,"/outc",i,"q",m,".csv.zip") url5<-paste0("http://www.nber.org/fda/faers/",i,"/indi",i,"q",m,".csv.zip") try.error(url1) try.error(url2) try.error(url3) try.error(url4) try.error(url5) } }http://www.nber.org/fda/faers/2015/demo2015q4.csv.zip not found...http://www.nber.org/fda/faers/2016/indi2016q4.csv.zip not found依据上面的错误信息。截至成文时间(2016年3月13日)。我们最多能够获得2015年第三季度的不良事件数据。> list.files()函数会字符串向量的形式返回当前工作文件夹下全部文件的名字。> 我会使用正_表_式对各个数据集的类别进行筛选。比方^demo.*.csv表示全部名字以demo开头的csv文件。filenames <- list.files(pattern="^demo.*.csv", full.names=TRUE)cat(‘We have downloaded the following quarterly demography datasets‘)filenames我们已经下载了下列季度人口数据"./demo2012q1.csv" "./demo2012q2.csv" "./demo2012q3.csv" "./demo2012q4.csv" "./demo2013q1.csv" "./demo2013q2.csv" "./demo2013q3.csv" "./demo2013q4.csv" "./demo2014q1.csv" "./demo2014q2.csv" "./demo2014q3.csv" "./demo2014q4.csv" "./demo2015q1.csv" "./demo2015q2.csv" "./demo2015q3.csv"让我们用data.table包中的fread()函数来读入这些数据集,以人口数据为例:demo=lapply(filenames,fread)接着让我们把它们转换数据结构并合并成一个数据框:demo_all=do.call(rbind,lapply(1:length(demo),function(i) select(as.data.frame(demo[i]),primaryid,caseid, age,age_cod,event_dt,sex,reporter_country)))dim(demo_all) 3554979 7 我们看到人口数据有超过350万行观_(记录)。译者注:以下的内容都是反复这个流程。能够略过如今让我们合并全部的药品数据filenames <- list.files(pattern="^drug.*.csv", full.names=TRUE)cat(‘We have downloaded the following quarterly drug datasets: ‘)filenamesdrug=lapply(filenames,fread)cat(‘ ‘)cat(‘Variable names: ‘)names(drug[[1]])drug_all=do.call(rbind,lapply(1:length(drug), function(i) select(as.data.frame(drug[i]),primaryid,caseid, drug_seq,drugname,route)))我们已经下载了下列季度药品数据集"./drug2012q1.csv" "./drug2012q2.csv" "./drug2012q3.csv" "./drug2012q4.csv" "./drug2013q1.csv" "./drug2013q2.csv" "./drug2013q3.csv" "./drug2013q4.csv" "./drug2014q1.csv" "./drug2014q2.csv" "./drug2014q3.csv" "./drug2014q4.csv" "./drug2015q1.csv" "./drug2015q2.csv" "./drug2015q3.csv"每张表中的变量名分别为:"primaryid" "drug_seq" "role_cod" "drugname" "val_vbm" "route" "dose_vbm" "dechal" "rechal" "lot_num" "exp_dt" "exp_dt_num" "nda_num" 合并全部的诊断/指示数据集filenames <- list.files(pattern="^indi.*.csv", full.names=TRUE)cat(‘We have downloaded the following quarterly diagnoses/indications datasets: ‘)filenamesindi=lapply(filenames,fread)cat(‘ ‘)cat(‘Variable names: ‘)names(indi[[15]])indi_all=do.call(rbind,lapply(1:length(indi), function(i) select(as.data.frame(indi[i]),primaryid,caseid, indi_drug_seq,indi_pt)))已经下载的数据集为:"./indi2012q1.csv" "./indi2012q2.csv" "./indi2012q3.csv" "./indi2012q4.csv" "./indi2013q1.csv" "./indi2013q2.csv" "./indi2013q3.csv" "./indi2013q4.csv" "./indi2014q1.csv" "./indi2014q2.csv" "./indi2014q3.csv" "./indi2014q4.csv" "./indi2015q1.csv" "./indi2015q2.csv" "./indi2015q3.csv"变量名为:"primaryid" "caseid" "indi_drug_seq" "indi_pt" 合并病人的结果数据:filenames <- list.files(pattern="^outc.*.csv", full.names=TRUE)cat(‘We have downloaded the following quarterly patient outcome datasets: ‘)filenamesoutc_all=lapply(filenames,fread)cat(‘ ‘)cat(‘Variable names ‘)names(outc_all[[1]])names(outc_all[[4]])colnames(outc_all[[4]])=c("primaryid", "caseid", "outc_cod")outc_all=do.call(rbind,lapply(1:length(outc_all), function(i) select(as.data.frame(outc_all[i]),primaryid,outc_cod)))下载的数据集例如以下:"./outc2012q1.csv" "./outc2012q2.csv" "./outc2012q3.csv" "./outc2012q4.csv" "./outc2013q1.csv" "./outc2013q2.csv" "./outc2013q3.csv" "./outc2013q4.csv" "./outc2014q1.csv" "./outc2014q2.csv" "./outc2014q3.csv" "./outc2014q4.csv" "./outc2015q1.csv" "./outc2015q2.csv" "./outc2015q3.csv" 变量名:"primaryid" "outc_cod" "primaryid" "caseid" "outc_code" 最后来合并反应(不良事件)数据集(译者注:这部分无聊地我要哭了)filenames <- list.files(pattern="^reac.*.csv", full.names=TRUE)cat(‘We have downloaded the following quarterly reaction (adverse event) datasets: ‘)filenamesreac=lapply(filenames,fread)cat(‘ ‘)cat(‘Variable names: ‘)names(reac[[3]])reac_all=do.call(rbind,lapply(1:length(indi), function(i) select(as.data.frame(reac[i]),primaryid,pt)))下载的数据集有:"./reac2012q1.csv" "./reac2012q2.csv" "./reac2012q3.csv" "./reac2012q4.csv" "./reac2013q1.csv" "./reac2013q2.csv" "./reac2013q3.csv" "./reac2013q4.csv" "./reac2014q1.csv" "./reac2014q2.csv" "./reac2014q3.csv" "./reac2014q4.csv" "./reac2015q1.csv" "./reac2015q2.csv" "./reac2015q3.csv"变量名为:"primaryid" "pt" 让我们看看不同的数据类型各有多少行all=as.data.frame(list(Demography=nrow(demo_all),Drug=nrow(drug_all), Indications=nrow(indi_all),Outcomes=nrow(outc_all), Reactions=nrow(reac_all)))row.names(all)=‘Number of rows‘allSQL命令记住sqldf包使用SQLiteCOUNT# SQL版本号sqldf("SELECT COUNT(primaryid)as ‘Number of rows of Demography data‘FROM demo_all;")# R版本号nrow(demo_all)3554979 LIMIT命令(显示前几行)# SQL版本号sqldf("SELECT *FROM demo_all LIMIT 6;")# R版本号head(demo_all,6)R1=head(demo_all,6)SQL1 =sqldf("SELECT *FROM demo_all LIMIT 6;")all.equal(R1,SQL1)TRUE*译者注:这部分代码验证了SQL命令和R代码的等价性,下同。WHERE命令SQL2=sqldf("SELECT * FROM demo_all WHERE sex =‘F‘;")R2 = filter(demo_all, sex=="F")identical(SQL2, R2)TRUESQL3=sqldf("SELECT * FROM demo_all WHERE age BETWEEN 20 AND 25;")R3 = filter(demo_all, age >= 20 & age <= 25)identical(SQL3, R3)TRUEGROUP BY 和 ORDER BY# SQL版本号sqldf("SELECT sex, COUNT(primaryid) as TotalFROM demo_allWHERE sex IN (‘F‘,‘M‘,‘NS‘,‘UNK‘)GROUP BY sexORDER BY Total DESC ;")# R版本号demo_all %>% filter(sex %in%c(‘F‘,‘M‘,‘NS‘,‘UNK‘)) %>% group_by(sex) %>%summarise(Total = n()) %>% arrange(desc(Total))SQL3 = sqldf("SELECT sex, COUNT(primaryid) as TotalFROM demo_allGROUP BY sexORDER BY Total DESC ;")R3 = demo_all%>%group_by(sex) %>% summarise(Total = n())%>%arrange(desc(Total))compare(SQL3,R3, allowAll=TRUE)TRUE dropped attributes利用SQL命令进行数据清洗并绘制3D饼图SQL=sqldf("SELECT sex, COUNT(primaryid) as TotalFROM demo_allWHERE sex IN (‘F‘,‘M‘,‘NS‘,‘UNK‘)GROUP BY sexORDER BY Total DESC ;")SQL$Total=as.numeric(SQL$Totalpie3D(SQL$Total, labels = SQL$sex,explode=0.1,col=rainbow(4), main="Pie Chart of adverse event reports by gender",cex.lab=0.5, cex.axis=0.5, cex.main=1,labelcex=1)输出的图例如以下:Inner Join让我们把药品数据和指数数据基于主id和药品序列内连。首先。我们要检查下变量名,看看怎样合并两个数据集。names(indi_all)names(drug_all) "primaryid" "indi_drug_seq" "indi_pt" "primaryid" "drug_seq" "drugname" "route" names(indi_all)=c("primaryid", "drug_seq", "indi_pt" ) # 使两个数据集变量名一致R4= merge(drug_all,indi_all, by = intersect(names(drug_all), names(indi_all))) # R版本号合并R4=arrange(R3, primaryid,drug_seq,drugname,indi_pt) # R版本号排序SQL4= sqldf("SELECT d.primaryid as primaryid, d.drug_seq as drug_seq, d.drugname as drugname, d.route as route,i.indi_pt as indi_pt FROM drug_all d INNER JOIN indi_all i ON d.primaryid= i.primaryid AND d.drug_seq=i.drug_seq ORDER BY primaryid,drug_seq,drugname, i.indi_pt") # SQL版本号compare(R4,SQL4,allowAll=TRUE)TRUE # 两种方法等价R5 = merge(reac_all,outc_all,by=intersect(names(reac_all), names(outc_all)))SQL5 =reac_outc_new4=sqldf("SELECT r.*, o.outc_cod as outc_cod FROM reac_all r INNER JOIN outc_all o ON r.primaryid=o.primaryid ORDER BY r.primaryid,r.pt,o.outc_cod")compare(R5,SQL5,allowAll = TRUE)TRUE# 绘制不同性别的年龄概率分布密度图ggplot(sqldf(‘SELECT age, sex FROM demo_all WHERE age between 0 AND 100 AND sex IN ("F","M") LIMIT 10000;‘), aes(x=age, fill = sex))+ geom_density(alpha = 0.6)绘制出的图例如以下:绘制不同结果的年龄年龄概率分布密度图(译者注:后面都是结果的可视化,可略过。原作者的耐心真好。。)ggplot(sqldf("SELECT d.age as age, o.outc_cod as outcome FROM demo_all d INNER JOIN outc_all o ON d.primaryid=o.primaryid WHERE d.age BETWEEN 20 AND 100 LIMIT 20000;"),aes(x=age, fill = outcome))+ geom_density(alpha = 0.6)输出例如以下:ggplot(sqldf("SELECT de.sex as sex, dr.route as route FROM demo_all de INNER JOIN drug_all dr ON de.primaryid=dr.primaryid WHERE de.sex IN (‘M‘,‘F‘) AND dr.route IN (‘ORAL‘,‘INTRAVENOUS‘,‘TOPICAL‘) LIMIT 200000;"),aes(x=route, fill = sex))+ geom_bar(a
2023-08-11 07:41:301

男士外用持久延时喷剂用英语怎么说

男性朋友应多了解一些早泄方面的知识,这样才能有效的防止早泄的发生。患上早泄后,患者不要过于担心,只要找到病因针对性治疗后就可治愈。
2023-08-11 07:41:4211

special issue,topic,collection

special issue的意思是:专辑;特刊;专刊 issue 读法 英 [u02c8u026au0283uu02d0] 美 [u02c8u026au0283uu02d0] 1、n.重要议题;争论的问题;(有关某事的)问题,担忧;一期;期号 2、v.宣布;公布;发出;(正式)发给,供给;(尤指通过正式文件)将…诉诸法律 短语: 1、political issue 政治问题 2、rights issue 增股;权利股发行 3、current issue 现刊;现期杂志;近期杂志 4、bond issue 债券发行
2023-08-11 07:43:351

什么是有机食物

摘要:有机食物是以生命养生命的一种绿色循环,那么,有机食物与无机食物的区别是什么呢?有机食物完全不含有没有生命存在的化学成份。它是以微生物培植或自然转换成的天然的养份来孕育各种人们可食用的植物。对人类健康不存在任何的威胁。下面小编就详细为您讲解什么是有机食物,有机食物与无机食物的区别。【有机食品】什么是有机食物有机食物与无机食物的区别什么是有机食物有机食物是零污染的食物,即是不经过化肥、农药、除草剂等污染的食物,而且肥料必须用自然堆肥,凡是任何加害土壤的添加物,都不可使用。一、有机食物简介有机食物简单的讲,就是以生命养生命的一种绿色循环。它完全不含有没有生命存在的化学成份。它是以微生物培植或自然转换成的天然的养份来孕育各种人们可食用的植物。对人类健康不存在任何的威胁。这包括;蔬菜、水果、禽蛋、各种肉类等等,不胜枚举。总之,它是天然的、无害的、对人身体有益的健康食品。有机食物是极低污染的食物,即是不经过化肥、农药、除草剂等污染的食物,而且肥料必须用自然堆肥,凡是任何加害土壤的添加物,都不可使用。目前经认证的有机食物主要包括一般的有机农作物产品(例如粮食(包括有机大米、有机小米、有机五彩豆、有机荞麦、有机绿豆、有机黄豆、有机红小豆、有机黑豆、有机玉米糁等)、水果(包括有机草莓、有机苹果等)、蔬菜(包括有机生菜、有机西红柿、有机黄瓜等)等)、有机茶产品、有机食用菌产品、有机畜禽产品、有机水产品、有机蜂产品、采集的野生产品以及用上述产品为原料的加工产品。国内市场销售的有机食品主要是蔬菜、大米、茶叶、蜂蜜等。二、有机食物标准食品1.农作种植的水源、土壤与原料、肥料必须符合有机农业标准。2.生产、收成及加工过程不得使用杀虫剂、合成(化学)肥料、农药、化学添加物。3.土壤必须休耕三年。4.食材不得经过任何基因工程改造。5.必须通过政府机构的管制与认证。有机食物农场1.使用天然肥料(堆肥)来喂养土壤,增加土壤养分。2.耕种前经过三年的休耕,让土壤里残馀的有毒物质自然消失。3.耕种过程不使用农药、杀虫剂、合成(化学)肥料。4.尊重天然的生态系统及循环。有机食物饲养1.饲料必须符合有机规范的天然饲料。2.一定要在适合其生存的自然户外环境放养。3.禁止使用抗生素、荷尔蒙或生长激素。4.人道对待饲养的动物。三、有机食物特点1、使用有机肥料:有机食物的种植过程中,只会使用有机肥料,如:花生麸、角衣片和动物的骨粉等,这些天然材料对泥土构成的污染和负荷会减到最低,环保得很。2、使用有机农药:除了种植方法是有机外,防虫的过程也会用有机农药,非常天然,以达到生态平衡、维持生物多样性,令食物不会含有有毒或长期残留的化学添加剂、色素和化学防腐剂等,无论对健康和对环境都有莫大的好处。3、取得有机认证:不同国家都为“有机耕种”定义,在美国,所有使用organic这字的产品,都受美国农业部国家有机标准计划(usdanationalorganicprogram,nop)规管。而世界各地也有不同的官方或私营认证机构。它们会按本身所制定的标准提供认证服务,英国土壤协会(soilassociation)和欧洲的ecocert就是当中的例子,而在众多的认证中,取得ocia和美国usda认证较有保证。四、有机食物争议英国一个研究小组在考查了50年来发表的有关有机食品的文献后得出结论:有机食物并不比用传统方式生产的食品营养价值更高。不过,这项研究没有涉及到与不同农业生产方法相关的污染物或化学残留物。有机食品的一个主要卖点就是无化学添加剂。总部位于新泽西州的行业协会食品研究所(FoodInstitute)所长托德(BrianTodd)回应这项研究时说,有机食品中没有非有机化学物质和杀虫剂,这才是有机食品的诱人之处。这项研究是由伦敦卫生及热带医学学院(LondonSchoolofHygiene&TopicalMedicine)的研究人员进行的,报告发表在周三出版的《美国临床营养学杂志》(AmericanJournalofClinicalNutrition)上。研究报告的作者之一、该学院公共卫生干预研究部门的丹格尔(AlanDangour)说,研究发现有机食品和传统方法生产的食品在营养成分上存在一些差异,不过这对公共健康不太可能有任何影响。由于有机食品据说有健康和营养方面的益处,一些消费者愿意花更多的钱买有机食品。研究人员们说,2007年全球有机食品市场估计规模有290亿欧元(合411亿美元)。其他研究也曾得出结论说有机食品并没有更高的营养,不过研究报告的作者们说,他们的努力是对有关这一课题的已发表报告的第一个系统性评估。在研究中,研究人员搜集了5万多份报告,得出162篇关于有机食品和传统方式生产的农畜产品在营养价值上的对比文章。其中有55篇满足了有机认证和生产食品的种类标准。五、有机食物判断标准1、原料来自于有机农业生产体系或野生天然产品。2、有机食品在生产和加工过程中必须严格遵循有机食品生产、采集、加工、包装、贮藏、运输标准,禁止使用化学合成的农药、化肥、激素、抗生素、食品添加剂等,禁止使用基因工程技术及该技术的产物及其衍生物。3、有机食品生产和加工过程中必须建立严格的质量管理体系、生产过程控制体系和追踪体系,因此一般需要有转换期;这个转换过程一般需要2-3年时间,才能够被批准为有机食品。4、有机食品必须通过合法的有机食品认证机构的认证。六、有机食物与无机食物的区别有机食品是一种原生态的食品,在种植过程中不使用化肥等,从土壤到货品上架都必须严格按照有机食品认证要求。有机产品:被定义为一种利于增进生物多样性、生物循环系统和土壤生物活性的生态生产管理系统,旨在维护、增强生态和谐性。美国相关法规规定有机食品的生长不能使用合成农药、生长激素、抗生素、转基因技术、化肥或下水道污泥。为保证土壤肥力多采用作物轮种、交替耕作与栽培、种植覆盖作物、使用天然肥料等方法。种植有机作物的土地在作物收获前的3年内不能使用任何被禁止的物质,动物需要通过喂食80%的有机饲料9个月,100%有机饲料3个月之后才能称为有机。无机食品:现在没有无机食品这一说法,目前中国市场上只有普通食品没有经过任何认证的,还有一种是无公害食品,还有绿色食品,再就是有机食品,这4种认证的要求是越来越严格,对化肥和食品的添加剂的使用规定也越来越严格,严格意义上讲有机食品是不能含有食品添加剂的。
2023-08-11 07:43:481

有没有预防或者治疗龋齿的办法

龋齿【概述】龋齿(dental caries)是牙齿硬组织逐渐被破坏的一种疾病。发病开始在牙冠,如不及时治疗,病变继续发展,形成龋洞,终至牙冠完全破坏消失。未经治疗的龋洞是不会自行愈合的,其发展的最终结果是牙齿丧失。龋齿是细菌性疾病,因此它可以继发牙髓炎和根尖周炎,甚至能引起牙槽骨和颌骨炎症。龋齿的继发感染可以形成病灶(focal infection),致成或加得关节炎、心骨膜炎、慢性肾为和多种眼病等全身其他疾病。【治疗措施】治疗龋齿的主要方法是充填。即将龋坏组织去除净,作成一定的洞形,清洗、消毒以后,用充填材料(filling materrial)填初,并恢复牙齿缺损的外形,龄坏即可不继续发展。浅龋充填效果最好。中龋和深龋的治疗,在去净龋坏组织以后,有时洞底已接近牙髓,就需要在洞底加一层护髓剂再填初。有时深龋在去净龋坏组织以后牙髓就暴露了,就需要先采取牙髓治疗,然后才能填初。充填材料主要用银汞合金(amalgam)或复合充填树脂(composite resin)。乳牙因要换牙,可以用玻璃离子水门汀(glass sonomer cement)填补(暂时性充填材料)。没有形成龋洞的衩期龋,可以用药物治疗的方法,能达到一定的疗效。恒虐待常用氟化钠糊剂涂擦龋损;乳牙可用氟化双胺银(涂擦后有变色,故不用于恒牙)。涂药治疗后,仍可能复发,需要每半年复查一次。因此,治疗龋齿,愈早愈好。【病因学】龋齿是多因素疾病,主要包括三个方面:细菌、饮食、牙和唾液,三者相互关联,缺少一个方面都不能发生龋齿。当前学者们认为唾液作为牙齿的外环境,是重要影响龋病的因素。1.细菌 龋齿发生和发展过程中,由于细菌在龋病发病中起着主导作用,因此,近年来国际上公认龋病是细菌病致龋的细菌种类很多,最主要的是某些变形链球菌和乳酸杆菌。这些细菌与唾液中的粘蛋白和食物残屑混合在一起,牢固地粘附在牙齿表面和窝沟中。这种粘合物叫作牙菌斑或菌斑(dental plaque)。菌斑中的大量细菌产酸,造成菌斑下面的釉质表面脱钙、溶解。临床调查证明口腔中菌斑多的儿童龋齿也多。2.饮食 在龋齿形成过程中,饮食是细菌的重要作用物。食物中含有大量的碳水化合物和糖,这些物质既供给菌斑中细菌生活和活动能量,又通过细菌代谢作用使糖酵解产生有机酸,酸长期滞留在牙齿表面和窝沟中,使釉质脱矿破坏,继之某些细菌又使蛋白质溶解形成龋洞。致龋的糖类很多,最主要的是蔗糖。牙齿发育时期,营养决定牙齿组织的生化结构,钙化良好的牙齿抗龋性高。如果食物中含有的矿物盐类、主要维生素和微量元素,如钙、磷、维生素B1、D和氟等不足,牙齿的抗龋性就低,造成龋齿发病的条件。乳牙在胎儿期即已发生、发育和钙化,母新乳期的营养,对胎儿乳牙的发育虽然没有决定性影响,但加强母体营养仍对乳牙钙化有利的。除非母体患严重代谢障碍病或遗传病,一般乳牙不易受到严重影响。3.牙齿 牙齿的形态、结构和位置与龋齿发病有明显的关系。牙齿咬面的窝沟是发育过程中留下的缺陷,深窝沟内容易滞留细胞和食物残屑,而且不易清除掉,容易诱发龋齿。矿化不足,特别是钙化不足的牙齿,釉质和牙本质的致密度不高,抗龋性低,容易患龋齿。氟在牙齿矿化结构中的含量虽然很微少,但对增强牙齿的抗龋性很重要。牙齿中含适量氟就不易发生龋齿。乳牙和年轻恒牙的结构和钙化程度都还不够成熟,因此容易受致龋因素的影响,患龋率高。唾液是牙齿的外环境,起着缓冲、洗涤、抗蓖或抑菌等作用。量多而稀的唾液可以洗涤牙齿表面,减少细菌和食物残屑堆积。量少而稠的唾液易于滞留,助长菌斑形成和粘附在牙齿表面上。唾液的性质和成分影响其缓冲能力,也影响细菌的生活条件。【流行病学】龋齿是小儿常见的多发病,乳牙患龋率高峰约在5岁左右,恒牙患龋率约在15岁左右。根据上海市1981年调查材料,在15059名幼儿圆儿童和中小学学生中乳牙患龋人数为8523人,乳牙患龋率为56.62%。4岁时患龋率达65.92%,9岁为83.57%。据1983年北京地区对中小学生的调查,城郊区7岁儿童恒牙患龋率平均为48.88%,12岁为67.29%,17岁为73.61%。一般农村较城市人口恒牙患龋为低。资料表明城市人口恒牙患龋率平均为63.65%,平均龋牙数为1.67颗;农业人口患龋率为55.67%,平均龋牙数1.27颗。我国幅员辽阔,各地条件有别,患龋情况也有差别。因此,防龋工作应从牙齿一萌出就开始。【临床表现】龋齿最容易发生在磨牙和双尖牙的咬面小窝、裂沟中,以及相邻牙齿的接触面。前者称为窝沟龋,后者称为邻面龋。儿童发生在牙颈部的龋齿极少,只在严重营养不良或某些全身性疾病使体质极度虚弱时才可见到。根据龋齿破坏的程度,临床可分为浅龋、中龋和深龋(图1)。图1 龋虫及其并发病1.浅龋 龋蚀破坏只在釉质内,初期表现为釉质出现褐色或黑褐色斑点或斑块,表面粗糙。继而形成表面破坏。邻面龋开始发生在接触面下方,窝沟龋则多开始在沟内,早期都不容易看到。只有发生在窝沟口时才可以看到,但儿童牙齿窝沟口处又容易有食物的色素沉着,医师检查不仔细也会误诊或漏诊。浅龋没有自觉症状。2.中龋 龋蚀已达到牙本质,形成牙本质浅层龋洞。病儿对冷水、冷气或甜、酸食物会感到牙齿酸痛,但刺激去掉以后,症状立即消失。这是在为牙本质对刺激感觉过敏的缘故。中龋及时得到治疗效果良好。3.深龋 龋蚀已达到牙本质深层,接近牙髓,或已影响牙髓。患儿对冷、热、酸、甜都有痛感,特别对热敏感,一败涂地去掉以后,疼痛仍持续一定时间才逐渐消失。这时多数需要作牙髓治疗以保存牙齿。深龋未经治疗,则牙髓继发感染或牙髓坏死。细菌可以通过牙根达到根尖孔外,引起根尖周围炎症。可能形成病灶感染。牙冠若已大部破坏或只留残根时,应将其拔除。【预防】预防龋齿是一件非常重要的儿童保健工作,其基本原则是针对发病因素,采用相应措施。1.减少或消除病原刺激物 减少或消除菌斑,改变口腔环境,创造清洁条件是防龋的重要环节,最实际有效的办法是刷牙和漱口。应该加强宣传教育,使儿童从小养成口腔卫生习惯,学会合理刷牙方法。刷牙可以清除口腔中的大部细菌,减少菌斑形成。小儿可由家长用柔软毛巾或绒布擦洗牙齿。幼儿3岁以后就可以开始学习刷牙。尽可能做到早晚各刷一次,饭后漱口。唾前刷牙更重要,因为夜间间隔时间长,细菌容易大量繁殖。要顺刷,即“上虐待由上往下刷,下牙由下往上刷”,“里里外外都刷到”,还要注意刷后牙的咬面。这样就可把牙缝和各个牙面上的食物残渣刷洗干净,刷牙后要漱口。不要横刷,横刷容易损伤牙龈,也刷不净牙缝里的残渣。1975年卫生部、轻工业部和商业部曾共同召开全国牙刷会议,制订了“保健牙刷暂行规格”。1989年卫生部又召开了全国卫生标准技术委员会,由牙刷分会委员会对“暂行规格”。幼儿的牙刷标准毛束不超过两排,每排5~6束,毛质要软,小学生使用的牙刷毛不不超过三排,每排6~7束。又制定了中学生牙刷标准,以备成人牙刷作为参考。应该注意儿童的饮食习惯,按时增加各种辅食,多吃粗糙、硬质和含纤维质的食物,对牙面有磨擦洁净的作用,减少食物残屑堆积。硬质食物需要充分咀嚼,既增强牙周组织,又能磨擦牙齿咬面,可能使窝沟变浅,有利减少窝沟龋。2.减少或控制饮食中的糖 我国是以谷类为主食的国家,控制饮食中的碳水化物防龋是有困难的。但近年来,糖制食品和各种饮料显著增多。应注意宣传使家长教育儿童养成少吃零食和糖果糕点的习惯,睡前不吃糖,注意儿童三餐的质得。从幼儿就养成多吃蔬菜、水果和含钙、磷、维生素等多的食物。要尽可能吃些粗粮。要重视母乳喂养婴儿。近来国际上提倡控制饮食中的碳水化物、使用代糖(sugar substitute)来降低龋齿,这在我国当前是不实际的,也是不经济的。最近据报导美国常用的某种代糖(aspartame)含有毒性,已经引起国际上的注意。3.增强牙齿的抗龋性 主要是通过氟化法(fluoridation)增加牙齿中的氟素,特别是改变釉质表面或表面的结构,增强其抗龋性。近代被认为效果较好的方法有:自来水氟化(central water fluoridation)、学校饮水氟化(school water fluoridation)、牙面涂氟(topical fluoridization)、含氟牙膏刷牙(fluoridetoothbrushing)、氟溶液漱口(fluorde mouthrinse)等方法。自来水氟化防龋是由供水中心自动加氟化钠,使水的含氟量调节到防龋的适宜浓度。这是当前效果最好的方法。对自来水氟化法在国际和国内都有相反的两种见解,因此,只有少数国家和地区采用。我国广州曾试行实验区自来水氟化观察多年,由于加氟量计算不当(采用了世界卫生组织推荐的参考量),导致广州地区儿童发生氟斑牙,引起了家长的不满,现已停止全面加氟。我国地处三个地带,高氟地区很多,各地区水源、气候、农作物等含氟量均有差别,饮食种类和习惯也不尽同,因此,儿童每日摄氟量均需周密计算准确,因此,在我国强调自来水加氟防龋是不现实的。总之,氟防龋方法在高氟区均不能使用,有氟斑牙的儿童也不应使用。钦水氟化法是在托儿所、幼儿园、小学和中学的公共饮水中加入氟化钠,提高水的含氟量的防龋适宜浓度,由于这些儿童在园或在校时间的饮水量小,但加氟量要计算准确。上述两种方法对发育期尚未萌出牙和已萌出的牙都有作用。氟溶液漱口法适用于幼儿园和中、小学校。在有医务人员或老师监督下,推荐使用0.2%中性氟化钠水溶液漱口,每周或每2周1次,含漱1分钟,不得吞咽。是较为可行的方法。含氟牙膏刷牙法,一般浓度不超过0.4%氟化钠,儿童每天早、晚各刷牙1次,有一定降低龋齿的效果,较易推广,也是目前国际上公认的最佳辅助方法。任何氟化防龋方法,都只能用于水源无氟或低氟区。高氟区不能使用。总之,龋齿发病因素是复杂的,当前还没有一种能够预防新龋发生的最有效的单一方法。因此,预防龋齿要防治结合,既控制新龋发生,又要早发现、早治疗。有领导、有组织地开展口腔保健工作,定期在托儿所、幼儿园、小学和初中进行积极预防和早期治疗。同时加强妇幼保健和营养卫生工作,保证身体和牙齿的健康,可以降低龋齿的发病率。
2023-08-11 07:44:231

英语歌Days like masquerade的中文歌词

《Masquerade》为当红女饶舌歌手麻辣鸡Nicki Minaj第二张嘻哈流行专辑《Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded》豪华版中的曲目。该曲也作为了2012 adidas<全倾全力>广告背景曲,Nicki Minaj本人也参与了广告的拍摄。歌名:Masquerade演唱:Nicki Minaj词曲:Onika Maraj,Lukasz Gottwald,Benjamin Levin,Henry Walter歌曲时长:3:48所属专辑:《Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded》(Deluxe Edition)发行时间:2012-04-02唱片公司:Cash Money Records音乐风格:Synthpop, dance-pop中英歌词:Feel the beat at the drum随著鼓声的节奏Move like you really wanna be number one你像是要成为头号巨星一样的摇摆You could beat out the comp你可以不随著谱的规则来演奏Run like you really wanna be at the top你就像要成为最颠峰的角色而演出Stop" adrenaline by cause停止,肾上腺素激增是因为You have been identified as a hustler你已经被认定是一个骗子了Topical discussion repeat it like a percussion谣言八卦不停地重复就像停不下来的节奏Chuck the douce up" and tell "em is just love潇洒的道别,并告诉他们:这就是爱阿Damn digged a dug该死的,我真的超爱这样Like "em run state mag cause we living it up就像不断散波的杂志媒体,因为我们正活在当下Shelve tops is on现在杂志已经上架了And I pop it" like i"m popping我上了封面,我懒得再去诠释Like a popping sin call每次都是多说多错And now" I don"t wanna take you而现在,我不想再抓住你If we fall dow如果我们坠落了Don"t get upset" and now it"s just the beginning不要难过,因为这只是个开始而已And we"ll figure it somehow而我们该去想办法盤算一下Right now masquerade" master the mary go round现在开始伪装吧,把一切耍得团团转Right now masquerade" master the mary go round现在开始伪装吧,把一切耍得团团转Right" now" it"s something you created就是现在,你去搞点东西出来It"s never ever too late这永远都不会太晚It"s never ever too late这永远都不会太晚Right now现在Okay to make a mistake好吧,去弄些大问题出来Yeah baby this is your day耶~宝贝,这是属於你的日子It"s time to masquerade是时候开始伪装了Bass bass低音声Feel the bass in ya face感觉重低音袭上你的脸庞Hit the finish line抵达终点线First place in the race在这场比赛得到胜利Yes" king kong on ya chestyes~挺著金刚般的胸膛Running and i"m coming up拍打著迎接我的到来Baton to your left把棒子交接给你Yup" you could be who you want耶~你现在可以变成你想成为的那个样You could be who you is你可以变成你想要的样子Never be who you aren"t不要变成你不想的样子Never ever fall on the pressure永远不要被压力给压垮了Desperate times" get desperate mesure要是没希望了,就破釜沉舟给他一击吧Damn digged a dug该死的,我真的超爱这样Like "em run state mag cause we living it up就像不断散波的杂志媒体,因为我们正活在当下Shelve tops is on现在杂志已经上架了And I pop it" like i"m popping我上了封面,我懒得再去诠释Like a popping sin call每次都是多说多错And now" I don"t wanna take you而现在,我不想再抓住你If we fall dow如果我们坠落了Don"t get upset" and now it"s just the beginning不要难过,因为这只是个开始而已And we"ll figure it somehow而我们该去想办法盤算一下Right now masquerade" master the mary go round现在开始伪装吧,把一切耍得团团转Right now masquerade" master the mary go round现在开始伪装吧,把一切耍得团团转Right" now" it"s something you created就是现在,你去搞点东西出来It"s never ever too late这永远都不会太晚It"s never ever too late这永远都不会太晚Right now现在Okay to make a mistake好吧,去弄些大问题出来Yeah baby this is your day耶~宝贝,这是属於你的日子It"s time to masquerade是时候开始伪装了I"ma call ya afro cause you never bald我或许称你是个黑鬼,因为你从不枯燥F-ck all you bitches and i"ll never call去你的,我可从没讲过Next day" suck my test day第二天,就是我该死的测验日I aint" playing games我可不是玩游戏而已Bit my check mateRing 019" ring 019" ring 019拨打019All my party people let me ya one time我派对上的嘉宾,这次就让我..Right now masquerade" master the mary go round现在开始伪装吧,把一切耍得团团转Right now masquerade" master the mary go round现在开始伪装吧,把一切耍得团团转Right" now" it"s something you created就是现在,你去搞点东西出来It"s never ever too late这永远都不会太晚It"s never ever too late这永远都不会太晚Right now现在Okay to make a mistake好吧,去弄些大问题出来Yeah baby this is your day耶~宝贝,这是属於你的日子It"s time to masquerade是时候开始伪装了Right now
2023-08-11 07:44:381

tranexamic acid是什么意思

氨甲环酸双语对照词典结果:tranexamic acid凝血酸,氨甲环酸; 以上结果来自金山词霸网络释义1. 止血环酸收起例句:1.Aim: to observe the effect of topical application of tranexamic acid andamikacin in preventing hemorrhage after tonsillectomy. 目的:观察局部应用氨甲环酸及阿米卡星预防扁桃体切除术后出血的效果。2.Aim: to study the effect of trasylol and tranexamic acid on alleviatingdegradation speed of fibrin glue stand. 目的:研究抑肽酶和氨甲环酸对于减缓纤维蛋白胶支架降解速度的作用。
2023-08-11 07:44:591

结膜的英语翻译 结膜用英语怎么说

结膜的英语翻译:conjunctiva
2023-08-11 07:45:093

什么产品既美容又抗衰老的?

FANCL饮料..但要长期坚持
2023-08-11 07:45:384

虫牙怎么治疗

你好牙齿发生蛀牙以后是可以到口腔科进行补牙来治疗的,意见建议:一般也是只有这一种补牙的方法,只要是没有牙髓感染的去净腐质以后直接进行补牙就可以,
2023-08-11 07:46:005

Nuclear Engineering and Design 期刊 标题右上角五星代表什么?

这个五角星是对这篇文章的基本信息的注释。中文期刊中大多数用“*”。请看本页左下角的文字:☆ On invitation, to be published 2013 in Nuclear Engineering & Design, special issueon: The 14th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics(NURETH-14) Toronto, Ontario, Canada, September 25–29, 2011.E-mail address: groetzbach@kit.edu
2023-08-11 07:46:301

How the relations between language and culture?写200字英文小文章?

The relationship between language and culture It is difficult to say whether language affect the culture or the opposite.But the point we couldn"t deny is that when we mention the language,it"s inevitably to think about its culture.They are bounded to each other.Language and culture are existed at the same time.If there"s no language,then culture is nothing.It"s the premise of the cultural formation and development,and the cultural development has also enriched the language.Language is an important symbol that distinguished human beings from animals.It"s said that there are many mons between them in terms of the biology.But people have the language that animals don"t have.Then religions,belief,morality,custom that belong to culture have been exited.Humans have created culture by taking advantage of language,and in turn,culture has promoted humans toward greater progress.The cultural heritage of human society has embedded the language with a deep mark since ancient times.The human language exists in human culture,it has close relations with human society.Language is an access to understand another culture.It"s a window through which you can find another world.If you want to learn a foreign culture,you have to experience by yourself and by your heart.And the only mean is language.Only after master a foreign language can you bee a part of that society,otherwise the feelings you"ve got are that of others.This kind of feeling will change a bit every through a tran *** ission.It"s not enough to master a foreign language.You also have to know the culture well otherwise we don"t know what others are talking about.Like sometimes watching American movies,I don"t know what the performers are laughing at.Like reading an essay,I can"t realize what the author is trying to express even though I know every world.“He is the person that waves feather fan.” If a Chinese learner wants to know what it means,he has to study the Chinese cultural backgrounds.So foreign language learners have to explore the culture,like how to greet each other,how to introduce guests,how to give and receive gifts,just to name a few.The native speakers learn the cultural knowledge unconsciously.These differences are not the maters of grammar or vocabulary,but the language use rules.It is difficult for language learners to master because of the lack of cultural environment.It"s a general topical.Here I just have talked a few points about the relationship between language and culture.In summary,language is a part of culture,but the most special part which can represent some elements of culture.And in turn,culture has strongly influenced and shaped the language.,4,
2023-08-11 07:46:371

microusb怎么和ch340g相连

CH340芯片内置了USB上拉电阻,UD+和UD-引脚应该直接链接到USB总线上。2. CH340芯片内置了电源上电复位电路。
2023-08-11 07:38:361

怎么人工造雪

人工造雪,就得先造冰,然后把冰磨碎,利用飞机从空中撒下来
2023-08-11 07:38:372

厚的充电口是什么型号

充电口有4种型号。分别是MicroUSB接口,USBTypeC接口,Lightning接口和miniusb接口。1、MicroUSB接口:microusb是连接计算机系统与外部设备的一种串口总线标准,它相对其他USB而言更小,更容易携带;2、USBTypeC接口:USB Type-C接口是一种通用串行总线(USB)的硬件接口形式,它的特点在于更加纤薄的设计、更快的传输速度以及更强悍的电力传输,更重要的是Type-C插接口支持USB接口双面插入;3、Lightning接口:Lightning即苹果高速多功能I/O接口,也称闪电接口。它除了基本的充电和数据传输外,还支持视频、音频等数字信号输出功能;4、miniusb接口:MiniUSB是一种USB接口标准,是为在PC与数码设备间传输数据而开发的技术。其接口类型可分为A型,B型和AB型三类。其中MiniB型5Pin这种接口是最常见的一种接口。
2023-08-11 07:38:451

泡贝cp有可能在一起吗

有可能。泡贝cp是Pope和Bella,他们是两个泰国演员,经常一起合作出演电视剧中的男女主角,除了人气与流量之外,这两人的演技和颜值都很高,看起来很相配。Pope和Bella他们合作了《名门绅士》、《诱爱入局》、《天生一对》等泰国电视剧,这些电视播出以后,引起了中泰两国观众的关注。Pope英文名:ThanawatWattanaputi、ThanavatVattanaputi。昵称:泡泡哥出生日期:1982年12月27日。出生地:泰国。生肖:摩蝎座。
2023-08-11 07:38:521

人造雪怎么在家制作

人造雪制作方法如下:工具:大搅拌碗、搅拌棒。材料:小苏打、剃须膏、白色或银色闪光粉。1、将所有小苏打放在一个大的搅拌碗中。2、添加剃须膏,制作人造雪不需要很多数量的剃须膏。加一点,搅拌,然后根据需要添加更多,通常需要一罐的三分之一到二分之一。3、洒闪光粉,闪烁不是制作假雪的必要条件,因此,如果要避免闪闪发光的手和衣服。4、一旦所有成分都充分搅拌,就可以添加更多的闪光效果,以增加闪光感,或添加更多的剃须膏,以增加雪的成型性。人工造雪是利用雪花降落的原理将水和空气混合在适宜的条件下制造出雪花而用于各种未能下雪又需要雪的地方。人们通过造雪机来实现人工造雪的,造雪机的原理是将水注入一个专用喷嘴或喷枪,在那里接触到高压空气,高压空气将水流分割成微小的粒子并喷入寒冷的外部空气中,在落到地面以前这些小水滴凝固成冰晶,也就是人们看到的雪花。
2023-08-11 07:38:531

为什么手机的microUSB用久了充不上电呢

请检查MicroUSB插孔、插头是否有变形、虚焊、脱焊等异常情况出现。
2023-08-11 07:38:531

转基因技术和克隆技术有什么区别

主要区别是,性质不同、技术原理不同、应用不同,具体如下:一、性质不同1、转基因技术转基因技术是指利用DNA重组、转化等技术将特定的外源目的基因转移到受体生物中,并使之产生可预期的、定向的遗传改变。2、克隆技术是利用生物技术由无性生殖产生与原个体有完全相同基因组织后代的过程。科学家把人工遗传操作动物繁殖的过程叫克隆,这门生物技术叫克隆技术,含义是无性繁殖。二、技术原理不同1、转基因技术转基因技术是利用现代生物技术,将人们期望的目标基因,经过人工分离、重组后,导入并整合到生物体的基因组中,从而改善生物原有的性状或赋予其新的优良性状。2、克隆技术克隆技术,是由同一个祖先细胞分裂繁殖而形成的纯细胞系,该细胞系中每个细胞的基因彼此相同。三、应用不同1、转基因技术转基因技术已广泛应用于医药、工业、农业、环保等领域。2、克隆技术奇妙的克隆技术已展示出广阔的应用前景,概括起来大致有以下四个方面:(1)、培育优良畜种和生产实验动物。(2)、生产转基因动物。(3)、生产人胚胎干细胞用于细胞和组织替代疗法。(4)、复制濒危的动物物种,保存和传播动物物种资源。参考资料来源:百度百科-转基因技术参考资料来源:百度百科-克隆技术
2023-08-11 07:38:561

为什么转基因技术产生了新基因?它的原理是基因重组 基因重组不是只能出现新的基因型吗

转基因技术是特殊的基因重组一般狭义上的基因重组是发生在同一物种之间,发生在减数分裂的过程之中,通过基因重组,产生不同的基因型,但是所有的基因局限在这一物种之中然而转基因技术可以将其他物种的基因整合到该物种细胞中,目的基因对于该物种而言是新基因。
2023-08-11 07:38:331

常见的激光测量仪器有哪些?

u200du200d激光测距仪是利用调制激光的某个参数对目标的距离进行准确测定的仪器。脉冲式激光测距仪是在工作时向目标射出一束或一序列短暂的脉冲激光束,由光电元件接收目标反射的激光束,计时器测定激光束从发射到接收的时间,计算出从测距仪到目标的距离。当发射的激光束功率足够时,测程可达40公里左右甚至更远,激光测距仪可昼夜作业,但空间中有对激光吸收率较高的物质时,其测距的距离和精度会下降。世界上第一台激光器,是由美国休斯飞机公司的科学家梅曼于1960年,首先研制成功的红宝石激光[1]器。美国军方很快就在此基础上开展了对军用激光装置的研究。1961年,第一台军用激光测距仪通过了美国军方论证试验,对此后激光测距仪很快就进入了实用阶段。由于激光测距仪价格不断下调,工业上也逐渐开始使用激光测距仪。国内外出现了一批新型的具有测距快、体积小、性能可靠等优点的微型测距仪,可以广泛应用于工业测控、矿山、港口等领域。u200du200d
2023-08-11 07:38:323

人造雪是怎么做的

1、人造雪又称人工造雪,是指人为地,通过一定的设备或物理、化学手段,将水(水气)变成雪花或[1]类似雪花的过程。人造雪制造方式分为炮筒式与冰片粉碎式。自然雪花密度约为328kg/m_,而人造雪密度约为856kg/m_。2、从本质上看,人造雪和自然雪是相同的,但人造雪的密度更大。因此在相同条件下,同体积人造雪比自然雪融化慢。
2023-08-11 07:38:271

激光传感器的优缺点以及主要功能介绍

激光是人们近几十年才发现的一种可见或是不可见的光,虽然说激光发现被发现的时间比较晚,但是人们对激光的研究和应用确实是相当快速,目前激光不仅应用到了比较常见的测量和信息录入中,随着人们对激光的能量的聚焦,目前激光已经应用到了医疗领域以及军事领域,就好比说最常见的激光刀以及激光近视修复手术和激光炮。工作原理激光传感器工作时,先由激光发射二极管对准目标发射激光脉冲。经目标反射后激光向各方向散射。部分散射光返回到传感器接收器,被光学系统接收后成像到雪崩光电二极管上。雪崩光电二极管是一种内部具有放大功能的光学传感器,因此它能检测极其微弱的光信号,并将其转化为相应的电信号。常见的是激光测距传感器,它通过记录并处理从光脉冲发出到返回被接收所经历的时间,即可测定目标距离。激光传感器必须极其精确地测定传输时间,因为光速太快。例如,光速约为3*10^8m/s,要想使分辨率达到1mm,则传输时间测距传感器的电子电路必须能分辨出以下极短的时间:0.001m/(3*10^8m/s)=3ps要分辨出3ps的时间,这是对电子技术提出的过高要求,实现起来造价太高。但是如今的激光测距传感器巧妙地避开了这一障碍,利用一种简单的统计学原理,即平均法则实现了1mm的分辨率,并且能保证响应速度。激光位移传感器的优缺点:接下来小编为大家介绍一下激光位移传感器的优缺点,首先小编要说的是激光位移传感的优点,因为激光的直线性能非常的好,在平整的地方去测量一个东西是否发生位移,是有非常大的精确性的,但是对于现在的生活当中,建筑工地的很多因素都受到外界的干扰,因此不可能那么的理想化,同时激光产生的装置相对复杂,而且激光位移传感器它的体积也比较庞大,所以说激光位移传感器它应用的范围和一些应用的条件是非常苛刻的。主要功能激光测长精密测量长度是精密机械制造工业和光学加工工业的关键技术之一。现代长度计量多是利用光波的干涉现象来进行的,其精度主要取决于光的单色性的好坏。激光是最理想的光源,它比以往最好的单色光源(氪-86灯)还纯10万倍。因此激光测长的量程大、精度高。由光学原理可知单色光的最大可测长度L与波长λ和谱线宽度δ之间的关系是L=λ/δ。用氪-86灯可测最大长度为38.5厘米,对于较长物体就需分段测量而使精度降低。若用氦氖气体激光器,则最大可测几十公里。一般测量数米之内的长度,其精度可达0.1微米。激光测距它的原理与无线电雷达相同,将激光对准目标发射出去后,测量它的往返时间,再乘以光速即得到往返距离。由雷达传感器测距于激光具有高方向性、高单色性和高功率等优点,这些对于测远距离、判定目标方位、提高接收系统的信噪比、保证测量精度等都是很关键的,因此激光测距仪日益受到重视。在激光测距仪基础上发展起来的激光雷达不仅能测距,而且还可以测目标方位、运运速度和加速度等,已成功地用于人造卫星的测距和跟踪,例如采用红宝石激光器的激光雷达,测距范围为500~2000公里,误差仅几米。不久前,真尚有的研发中心研制出的LDM系列测距传感器,可以在数千米测量范围内的精度可以达到微米级别。常采用红宝石激光器、钕玻璃激光器、二氧化碳激光器以及砷化镓激光器作为激光测距仪的光源。激光测振它基于多普勒原理测量物体的振动速度。多普勒原理是指:若波源或接收波的观察者相对于传播波的媒质而运动,那么观察者所测到的频率不仅取决于波源发出的振动频率而且还取决于波源或观察者的运动速度的大小和方向。所测频率与波源的频率之差称为多普勒频移。在振动方向与方向一致时多普频移fd=v/λ,式中v为振动速度、λ为波长。在激光多普勒振动速度测量仪中,由于光往返的原因,fd=2v/λ。这种测振仪在测量时由光学部分将物体的振动转换为相应的多普勒频移,并由光检测器将此频移转换为电信号,再由电路部分作适当处理后送往多普勒信号处理器将多普勒频移信号变换为与振动速度相对应的电信号,最后记录于磁带。这种测振仪采用波长为6328埃(┱)的氦氖激光器,用声光调制器进行光频调制,用石英晶体振荡器加功率放大电路作为声光调制器的驱动源,用光电倍增管进行光电检测,用频率跟踪器来处理多普勒信号。它的优点是使用方便,不需要固定参考系,不影响物体本身的振动,测量频率范围宽、精度高、动态范围大。缺点是测量过程受其他杂散光的影响较大。激光测速它也是基多普勒原理的一种激光测速方法,用得较多的是激光多普勒流速计(见激光流量计),它可以测量风洞气流速度、火箭燃料流速、飞行器喷射气流流速、大气风速和化学反应中粒子的大小及汇聚速度等。
2023-08-11 07:38:241

出身贵族,继承父母大笔财产,影响人类的天才,结局怎样了?

最终这个人的结局其实是不太好的,因为自己的贪心也最终受到了处罚,家产也没了。
2023-08-11 07:38:154

小米手机有哪些型号是MicroUSB充电口手机

数码相机用机宝典是PConline数码相机频道为解决网友用机疑惑的新栏目,帮助初涉摄影的网友逐步掌握摄影技巧,拍摄出好照片。用机宝典每次针对一款机型,从基本的参数设置到进阶使用,还会包括各种相关附件的使用,逐一讲述拍摄技巧和需要注意的要点,力求通过深入浅出的讲解帮助网友进步。尼康D80用机宝典是第一期,围绕热门的高性价比数码单反尼康D80讲解使用技巧,包括有风光、微距、夜景、人像和动感照片。
2023-08-11 07:38:097