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源于品牌名称的词汇

2023-06-13 21:43:53
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马老四

The name of the game is the name. ~ Scott Winokur

原是某品牌的名称,但因其为先发品牌,或是在某一领域市场占有率很大,因此,该品牌便成为这类产品的通用名称。 例如,Kleenex (台湾译为可丽舒) 是全美、乃至全世界规模的清洁用纸品牌, 对美国一般人而言,Kleenex 就等于 tissue (面纸、卫生纸), 例如 I have a runny nose. Can you give me a Kleenex? 商标名变成普通名词的过程在语言学里, 称为 "genericide" (A brand name or trademark that has become a generic name for its product category.), 而该产品成为该产品类别的代名词 (generonym)。 现在,我们就来看一看原是某品牌的名称,但现已转为该类产品通称的一些词汇。

Perspex

Perspex (UK Trademark 英国商标) 珀斯佩有机玻璃;透明压克力;透明塑料 (用作档风玻璃的丙烯树脂);聚二-甲基丙希酸甲脂

Perspex, produced in 1930, is a trade name for a strong transparent (透亮的) plastic material which is often used instead of (取代) glass. It is widely used for watch glasses, advertising signs, domestic baths (家庭用的浴缸), motorboat windscreens (汽车/汽艇的挡风玻璃), aircraft canopies (飞机的座舱罩), and protective shields (保护罩)。 Its chemical name is polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)。 It is manufactured under other names (亦称): Plexiglas, Lucite, Acrylite (压克力材质), and Rhoplex (in the USA)。

Note:

Plexiglass: light-weight transparent thermoplastic polymer, used as a glass substitute.

塑料玻璃(质轻透明的热塑性聚合体,被当成玻璃替用品)

Lucite: transparent plastic material used as a substitute for glass

合成树脂(透明的塑料物质,用来作玻璃之代用品)。

aspirin

阿司匹灵。1899 年,拜耳公司以年轻化学家 F. Hoffmann 所命名的 Aspirin 取得注册商标,但是生产 ASA (acetyl salicylic acid) 方法并无专利权。1950 年,Aspirin 已成为世界上最常用的止痛药,因而被列入金氏世界纪录。但 aspirin 早已被泛指任何「止痛药」。

Band-Aid

OK 绷。附有消毒纱布的白胶布,原是 Johnson & Johnson(娇生集团)的产品,由于太有名了,反而取代 plastic bandages,成为 OK 绷的通称。

Burberry

英国雨衣风衣 (waterproof coat)。现被用来指高级雨衣。

Burgundy

原指产于法国勃艮第地区的红酒,现泛指产于其它地区类似酒的红葡萄酒。

Chapstick

现在在台湾的便利商店、屈臣氏及药房均可看到此品牌所产的护唇膏。护唇膏原是 lip balm,Chapstick 为其俗称。

Coca-Cola

1886 年,美国乔治亚州亚特兰大 (Atlanta) 的约翰潘伯顿 (John S. Pemberton) 药剂师,以混合糖浆和水等成分,发明了 "Coca-Cola" (可口可乐,此品牌名称是 Frank M. Robinson 创造的)。之后,"Coca-Cola" 便成为可乐的同义词。

escalator

电扶梯。原来自 Otis Elevator Company (奥的斯电梯公司)。现已小写成为「电扶梯」的通称。

Filofax

记事本;高级万用手册。Filofax 原是记事本 (personal organizer, appointment book, memo book) 的品牌名称,现已变成记事本的替代字。

Filofax is a small book in which a record can be kept of telephone numbers, future plans and visits, business meetings, etc.

P.S. calendar book 月历的记事本;day planner 日历计事本

Gore-Tex

Gore-Tex (原本是一种登山用防水快干的织料) 户外服可抵抗严峻的天候变化袭卷欧美、日本市场,成功地建立其领导地位,已成为户外服的代名词。

granola

原为格兰诺拉麦片,现指任何燕麦片加葡萄干、红糖混合制成的早餐和保健食品。

Half and Half

原是冲调咖啡用的鲜奶油商标。现指 牛奶加奶油调制而成的稀奶油 (half "n half)。

heroin

海洛英(由吗啡制成的烈性麻醉镇痛剂) 又称白粉,属鸦片剂一种。原是商标名。

Hi-Liter

荧光笔。原是 Avery Dennison Corporation 的品牌名,由 highlight 一字变来的。

Hoover

在英文里,「真空吸尘器」为 "vacuum cleaner".Hoover 是第一家将吸尘器量产的公司。在美式英语中,大部分的人都将吸尘器称为 Hoover.

Jacuzzi

按摩浴缸。原商标名,是义裔美国人 Candido Jacuzzi (1903-86) 发明的。

Jell-O

是 Kraft 食品公司出产的果冻品牌名,一种掺入各种水果而有色、香、味的餐后甜点,现在泛指所有的果冻甜点。

Kleen Fone

原是商标。现指用于防止灰尘或污垢沾染机器而用的罩子。

Krazy Glue

疯狂快干胶。

linoleum

(亚麻) 油地毡。外表涂了一层氧化亚麻仁籽油的帆布地毡。The word derives from Latin lineum, "flax", and oleum, "oil". 1860 年及 1863 年 F. Walton 取得专利。1878 年时因早已家喻户晓,并且是可描述此类产品的字被 Trade Marks Register 注销此一专利名称。

Lycra

莱卡。衣服质料常看到的成份。原是杜邦 DuPont 公司的产品,具有弹性的人造纤维。

Muzak

原是 Muzak 公司的品牌,以有线或无线电由音乐广播公司传送供电梯、餐厅、办公室、电话录音等播放的背景音乐。现泛指所有播送背景音乐的营业性广播系统。

Post-it

原是 3M 公司的产品。现用来指任何便利贴。

Q-Tips

棉花棒原是 cotton swabs.但 Chesebrough-Pond"s Incorporated 公司的品牌太有名,现在成为所有棉花棒的代名词。

Rollerblades

直排轮鞋,用单排的滚轮代替冰刀 (blade) 的轮鞋 (in-line skate)。

Scotch tape

思高牌胶带、是 3M 公司生产的透明胶带。现在一般透明胶带多称为 Scotch tape.3M 公司另发售的卡式录音带也取名为 Scotch tape (司高牌录音带)。

sellotape

(塑料)透明胶带。原是为英国的商标名 (UK trademark)。在美国,透明胶带则被称作 Scotch tape,亦是出自商标名。

Styrofoam

保丽龙原是 plastic foam,但现在以 Styrofoam 来指聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料,例如 Styrofoam products are not good for the environment.

Vaseline

凡士林。Chese-brough-Pond"s, Inc. 所制造的涂剂、润滑的矿脂。You can grease your bike with some vaseline.

Velcro

魔鬼黏。是 Velcro 工业公司的品牌名,多用在运动鞋、凉鞋上,以取代鞋带。它是种尼龙黏扣带,一端有许多尼龙制的小钩,可钩住另一端的绒毛,不易松脱。I like shoes with velcro instead of laces.

Walkman

原是 Sony 商标,现指任何随身听。

Wite-Out

修正液。现以 wite-out 代替 correction pen.另一商标字,Liquid Paper 也成为修正液的代名词。

xerox

是全录公司 Xerox Corporation 的商标,现已成为影印的代表。可当作动词「影印」。Xerox 之名据说源自 xerography (静电复印术)一字。

yo-yo

溜溜球。一种玩具,以细绳中穿两个圆木盘或塑料盘,用左右食指拉动,圆盘上下旋转。有趣的是华裔音乐家马友友英文名为 Yo Yo Ma.根据金氏记录,源自 16 世纪时菲律宾丛林战所用的武器名,据说原意为「来吧!来吧!」come-come.

zipper

拉链。源自 1920-25 美国所生产的一个厂牌名。

然而,英文词汇中亦有一类的字,其部份构词亦源于品牌名称,例如, McJob 或 McDonaldized job (在麦当劳打工) 已收录在字典里,意指「在快餐店等服务业打工,低薪资、低福利,无须动脑,重复做相同动作的工作」 (a low-paying, non-challenging job with few benefits or opportunities, typically in the service sector.)。

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2023-06-13 06:58:352

怎么翻译?求解

有乐同享会更快乐。士兵们朝着城镇前进了。一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。Practice makes perfect.There are many students in the city.
2023-06-13 06:59:032

英文高手过来切磋一下

我感觉是这个意思:有Doing这个词存在,drama这个词变得不那么必要了。
2023-06-13 06:59:194

用英语来介绍akb48

AKB48 (pronounced A-K-B-forty-eight, as in English) is an all-female Japanese theater/idol group produced by Yasushi Akimoto, who is also the husband of Mamiko Takai, a former member of the 1980s all-female idol group Onyanko Club. Unlike other idol groups in Japan, AKB48 is theatre-based and have their own theatre in Akihabara (a district in Tokyo) where they perform once every weekday, and more than once on both Saturday and Sunday. The theatre is set up on the 8th floor of Don Quijote. Some of the title songs released as a single have been made a tie-in song for a television show or a television advertisement. The name derives from a shortened, Romanized representation of "Akihabara".AKB48 is divided into three teams: Team A, Team K and Team B. Currently, there are 16 members in Team A, 16 members in Team K, and 16 members in Team B, getting to the total of 48 members in AKB48. Minami Takahashi is the captain of Team A, Sayaka Akimoto is the captain of Team K, and Yuki Kashiwagi is the captain of Team B, while Atsuko Maeda is AKB"s most popular member.
2023-06-13 06:59:261

处处留心皆学问用英语怎么翻译啊?谢谢!

You can learn something from everything if you pay attention to it.
2023-06-13 06:59:365

100% fine jersey cotton, combed for comfort

纯棉运动上衣
2023-06-13 06:59:535

关于竹子的英文介绍

如下:Bamboo, a perennial herb of the genus Bambusa in the Gramineae family, has mostly woody and herbaceous stems, with a slightly empty center, knots, and numerous and dense stems; Bamboo leaves are in a narrow lanceolate shape with dark green foliage; Bamboo flowers resemble rice ears, with a main color of yellow; The flowering period is generally in May and the fruiting period is in October. The name of bamboo derives from its ancient characters, which resemble pendulous bamboo leaves and later evolved into the modern Chinese character bamboo.竹,禾本科竹属的多年生草本植物,茎多为木质,也有草质,中间稍空,有节且多而密;竹叶呈狭披针形,叶面深绿色;竹子花像稻穗,主色为黄色;花期一般是5月,果期10月。竹的名称来源于其古字,它的古字形像下垂的竹叶,后演变成如今的汉字。
2023-06-13 07:00:111

有了解GUILD证书的吗?想问下是哪里的实验室出具的,求详解

跟GRS和古柏林差太远了,级别又水
2023-06-13 07:00:475

汉译英!

呵呵 文章真的是有难度,而且又长。可是还是强烈鄙视些用软件翻译 还敢说什么100%正确的人!
2023-06-13 07:04:0115

英语话题作文

  在生活、工作和学习中,大家都接触过作文吧,作文是通过文字来表达一个主题意义的记叙方法。相信很多朋友都对写作文感到非常苦恼吧,下面是我为大家整理的英语话题作文8篇,希望能够帮助到大家。 英语话题作文 篇1   D u want t nw hw t eep in gd health? Let e tell u sething abut eeping health. u shuld exercise ever da and have gd eating habits. u shuld tr t eat a lt f vegetables. u shuld eat fruits and drin il ever da. u shuldn"t drin cffee. u shuldn"t eat t uch un fd, lie chclate. Gd rest is als gd fr ur health. S u shuld sleep nine hurs ever night. Health lifestle helps u t get gd grades. Gd fd and gd rest help u t stud better.   I hpe u all have a health lifestle. 英语话题作文 篇2   用英语介绍你的一日三餐:   Hello, everyone! I don"t like sports, but I like eating very much. I eat a lot food every day. For breakfast, I like milk, eggs and bread a lot . For lunch, I like French fries, chicken, hamburgers and apples. For dinnerr, I like fruits, vegetables and rice.   嗨,大家好!我不喜欢运动,但我很喜欢吃。我每天吃很多食物。早餐,我非常喜欢牛奶,鸡蛋和面包。午餐,我喜欢薯条,鸡肉,汉堡包和苹果。对于晚餐,我喜欢水果,蔬菜和米饭。   以My Day为题写一篇英语短文:   I get up early at six every day. After doing some morning exercises, I read English for twenty minutes. At seven I have breakfast. After breakfast I take my schoolbag and go to school. Our class begins at eight, and we have four classes in the morning. After lunch at 12 o"clock, I take a short rest in the classroom. We have three more classes in the afternoon. After school at five , I go back home. I often help my mother do some housework. Sometimes I watch TV. After dinner, I begin to do my homework. Then I take a shower. I go to bed at nine thirty.   我每天早上六点起床。做了早操后,我读英语20分钟。七点吃早餐。早饭后,我带上我的书包去上学。我们的课在八点开始,早上我们上4节课。12点吃完午饭后,我在教室里稍微休息一下。下午,我们还有3节课。5点放学后,我回家。我经常帮我的妈妈做一些家务。有时候我看电视。晚饭后,我开始做我的作业。然后我淋浴。我九点半上床睡觉。 英语话题作文 篇3   Dear Mayor:   Im a middle school student. Im writing to tell you something aroud us. Nowadays, there are many left-behind children whose parents work away from their hometowns. Most of them are from the coutryside, you know, they have many problem. They are always lonely and stressed out because they are short of their parents love. At the same time, they are easy to make mistakes even do some thing against the laws, because theyre short of their families care.   How to solve their problems? In my eyes, the government can set up a parents school for these children on holidays, you can organize hand-in-hand activity to call on more people to help them. You can also raise money to donate to these children. As the song says:If everyone gives their love, the world will be better. Its very important for us to pay more attention to these children if we want to build a harmonious society. 英语话题作文 篇4    正直诚实(好处)   1、enable honest person to succeed in work and life. (获得成功)   2、to work honestly to attain one"s life goal. (实现人生目标)   3、to enhance reputation of a country.    献爱心(好处、意义):   1、Contributing money and other necessities to people in need is a goal way to express human love. It reflects the sense of social responsibility.   2、It also expresses a feeling from deep with one"s heart.    人生价值   该类别主要包括:创新、 勇气、 奋斗、 勤俭 、高瞻远瞩、 奉献、 浪费、 社会公德 、幸福观 、勇敢 、得与失、 正直诚实、 持之以恒 、拼搏的奥运精神 、读书。   1、To be fair and upright; honest person;   2、economical and simple life; to learn to be frugal;   3、success derives from persistence; Olympic motto, read more books    情感友谊、团队合作、让座 邻里、献爱心   1、show love; provide assistance to others; teamwork and cooperation; selflessly offering help   2、contributing money and other necessities to people who are in great need    交流文化   该类别主要包括:中西方文化、 民族文化、 老外过春节 、老外学书法、 学英语、 城市发展与历史传承。   1、participating in the annual celebration of the Chinese spring festival   2、practicing Chinese calligraphy (书法)   3、cultural exchanges; acquire better understanding of each other;the traditional Chinese culture.   4、pass down culture habit and treasure; absorb and assimilate traditional culture; reserve and spread brilliant diverse culture; be under the threat of extinction; be in great danger   好处:   1、cultural exchanges can enhance international friendship.   2、people can acquire better understanding of each other.   3、can also greatly benefit the countries and stimulate their own social development and culture prosperity.    教育   1、in my opinions, there needs to be a comprehensive renovation in the educational system in which new educational concepts are introduced.   2、only by new teaching methods can we cultivate children into talents and elites who will meet the requirements of our society.    身体健康、锻炼、心理问题、减肥   1、 to develop good health   2、 to keep regular exercise   3、 to make more contributions to the society   4、 to make do with bad diet   5、 to neglect sports and exercise    职业道德及素质类   该类别主要包括:虚假宣传、假冒伪劣产品、排队、鼓掌、文明言行、文明交通、谦虚、宽容、医患矛盾、药品回扣诚信、豆腐渣、家庭作坊卫生、跳槽与商业机密。   1、the sanitation problem of family workshops   2、the promise of one"s own responsibility is like a method of cheating, and is quit against professional morals(职业道德)   3、low-quality products   4、the ignorance of sanitation   5、short of occupational disciplines   6、the false commercial advertising and promotion    家庭关系   该类别主要包括:家庭关系、 养老、 啃老。   Young people are used to relying financially on their families    交通事故   Traffic accidents have long been a problem and are becoming a severe problem   原因:   1、many drivers are forced to drive days and nights   2、a lot of people drive after drinking alcohol    工作就业前途   该类别主要包括:高薪、 加班、技能、学历、自立自强、创业。   1、to display talent and capability;   2、to be of real service to fellowmen and the country;   3、to feel guilty in front of parents and family supporters;   4、to encounter discrimination on the basis of sex or height or even birthplace;   5、to despise jobs of lower social status and less income;   6、to avoid the possibility of working in the rural areas   7、to find (searchhunt) the right career;    环境保护、动植物保护   该类别主要包括:保护森林、水污染、汽车尾气、沙尘暴、温室效应、节约资源、垃圾污染。   1、the exhaustion of resources;   2、pollution from industrial production transform many clean rivers into undrinkable water.   3、the convenience brought by cars, their harmful impact on the atmosphere.   4、garbage output, such as plastics and glass.   5、deforestation Global warming, current greenhouse effect remains out of control   6、human exploitation of natural resources    “问题”学生   该类别主要包括:教育、上网成瘾、上网交友、青少年犯罪、 个人隐私、出国留学、 知识学术欺诈、 望子成龙, 拔苗助长、 应试教育素质教育 、考试作弊 、相互攀比、 名牌、 浪费、 课业负担、 恋爱 、兼职 、富二代、 校园旅游 、教育平等 、独生子女、 农民工子女、 创新 、迷信、 溺爱(spoiled)。   1、To concentrate limited resources on creative talents, or elite;   2、to enhance the quality of population;   3、to promote scientific and technological level;   4、 to prepare one for a better and more meaningful life rather than a job;   5、one-child policy   6、migrant workers(农民工);   7、impartial education opportunities   8、overwhelming homework;   9、quality education(素质教育)   10、a comprehensive renovation    人口增长、 人口质量、养老与老龄化、 性别比例   1、population aging; outdated and abandoned; to improve the living condition of the aging population ; to respect and appreciate the aged; to provide safety and happiness   2、the number of males outweighs that of females;the population growth is almost out of control, the humans to live is increasingly circumscribed. 英语话题作文 篇5    What should we thank?   The thankful great universe provides the environment of existence for us and give us sunlight, air, water and everything in keeping with us existence of space, bring storm to let us accept to toughen for us, bring to us mysterious let us look for. The thankful parents give us the life, make us feel the merriment of the human life, feel the genuine feeling of the human life, feel the comity of the human life, feel happiness of the human life, also feel hardships and pain and sufferings of the human life! The thankful teacher works with diligence and without fatigue everyday of teach, give us knowledge ability, and put on the wing which flies toward the ideal for us. The thankful classmate and friend grow up with us and let us no longer stand alone in the itinerary of life. The thankful our country provides us with free books, dormitory and food. Whenever it is, we should keep a thankful heart towards everything existed. Only thus, can we become a useful man.    【参考译文】    我们应该感恩什么?   感恩宇宙为我们提供生存的"环境,给我们阳光、空气、水和一切与我们保持空间的存在,给我们带来风暴让我们接受坚韧,带给我们神秘让我们寻找。感谢父母给了我们生命,让我们感受到了人类生命的欢乐,感受到人间的真情,感受到了人类生命的礼让,感受到人类生活的幸福,也感到艰辛和人间的痛苦!感恩老师每天勤奋而不疲倦地教授,给我们知识的能力,给我们披上飞向理想的翅膀。感谢同学和朋友与我们一起成长,让我们不再孤独的生活旅程。感谢我们的国家为我们提供免费的书籍,宿舍和食物。无论何时,我们都应该对所有存在的事物心怀感恩的心。只有这样,我们才能成为有用的人。 英语话题作文 篇6   第一段:Asis depicted by the picture, sb is doing sth/sth is happening, showing the importanceof environment. This picture shows the common phenomenon that environmentprotection is becoming increasingly urgent, suggesting the destructive effectshuman beings made on the ecological balance, which is very thought-provoking. (注意,第一段图画描述一定要短,如果只要你以“谈论某某事情”开头,那就在简单描述图画后立即谈论)   第二段:currently,with industry and economy developing rapidly, anincreasing number of people are paying little or no attention to therelationship between human beings and nature. A typical example is waterpollution. There is no denying in saying that, in order to develop industry,the number of various factories and plants is dramatically increasing, which,directly or indirectly, causes serious water waste and water pollution. (本段在分析污染的原因。大家务必学会举例,举例一定要举简单典型的例子,不可以详细描述,以免陷入太深而犯语法错误。)   第三段:It is high time that we took effective andefficient measures to solve the problem reflected by the picture. First andforemost, the administration should make legislations to punish those whopollute environment. Secondly, it is very critical to carry out thoselegislations. It is easier said than done. So carrying out is, to a largedegree, more important then thinking out. Last but not the least, to strengthenthe public awareness of environment protection is necessary. Only by doing so canwe find the way out for the problem of pollution. (本段在谈论解决措施。这一段有些长,大家可以摘抄其中的句子默写背诵)    框架总结(类型:现象+原因+措施):(非常重要)   第一段:Asis depicted by the picture, sb is doing sth/sth is happening, showing theimportance of ( ). This picture shows the common phenomenon that ( ) is becoming increasingly urgent, suggesting thedestructive effects of A on B, which is very thought-provoking.   第二段:currently,with industry and economy developing rapidly, anincreasing number of people are paying little or no attention to( ). A typical example is ( ). There is no denying in saying that, inorder to ( ), the number of ( ) is dramatically increasing, which,directly or indirectly, causes serious ( ).   第三段:It is high time that we took effective andefficient measures to solve the problem reflected by the picture. First andforemost, the 英语话题作文 篇7   Our environment is very important for our lives . We need the fresh air, the clean water and so on . In the past, there were many trees around us ,the air was fresh and the river was clean.But now,people cut down many trees. Air pollution and water polloution are very serious . The environment around us becomes very terrible . We should protect our environment. First, we should plant many trees to keep water. Second , we can ride a bike or walk to the school and work.. Third , we shouldnt throw the dirty water into the river . Fourth, we shouldnt use the plastic bags. Finally, we can ask more people to join us.   【参考译文】   我们的环境对我们的生活很重要。我们需要新鲜的空气,干净的水等等。过去,我们周围有许多树木,空气清新,河水干净,但现在人们砍伐了许多树。空气污染和水污染很严重。我们周围的环境变得非常可怕。我们应该保护我们的环境。首先,我们应该种很多树来保持水分。第二,我们可以骑自行车或步行到学校和工作..第三,我们不应该把脏水丢进河里。第四,我们不应该使用塑料袋。最后,我们可以要求更多的人加入我们。 英语话题作文 篇8    雪灾   去年春节期间,我国大部分地区遭受雪灾,特别是南方,室几十年未遇。公路、铁路、机场都被迫关闭,电网瘫痪,数百万人不能回家过年。部分山区人民生活异常困难,在各级政府的带领下,人民群众、解放军战士英勇抗击雪灾,涌现出大批可歌可泣的英雄事迹。作为一名中学生,你有何感想?有何打算?能不能改变这种状态?   As we know, our country suffered heavy snow last Spring Festival. Everything was covered with heavy snow. It made the buses, trains and planes stop. Millions of people couldn"t go home. Many people suffered trouble. There was no food, water or light in some places. Our government called on people to fight against heavy snow. As a student, I think we should learn from those heroes. We must study hard at school. We should learn all kinds of nowledge to make our motherland stronger, better and richer.
2023-06-13 07:04:351

法语je viens de后面跟阴性国家,直接跟国名吗?我怎么见过je viens de la chine?~求详解

Je viens de, je pars de, j"arrive de Chine ...不要冠词
2023-06-13 07:04:443

请高手翻译

1.广告的另一个同样重要的功能是宣传。我们所拥有的家用物品的知识很大程度上来自于我们所读的广告。2.这个原因实际上是心理作用,以及社会作用。大多数年轻人只是好奇所以开始抽烟: 他们喜欢去体验不让他们去做的事情——吸烟。他们也有在潜意识里感觉到吸烟会使他们表现的更加成熟,野性和精明。手工翻译,拒绝机器。
2023-06-13 07:06:121

请问~~~~为什么整形手术的英文是Plastic operation???

因为Plastic 除了塑料的意思外还有“塑形”的意思。
2023-06-13 07:06:203

瓷胎竹编的简短介绍(英文!)

bamboo over porcelain Bamboo Woven Wares porcelain-bodied bamboo ware 网上搜到了以上三种译法,我认为最后一种最准确。It is a kind of handcraft with porcelain body inside and baboo knitted outside. Also it is a home decoration if you"d like to put on shelf or table.
2023-06-13 07:06:312

翻译这句话

这个词来源于事实层叠样式表在多个不同层次,可以应用到相同的网页定义继承从一个水平到下一个。
2023-06-13 07:06:523

请高手翻译成英语

This aticle analyzes step by step that derives the thinking of the reform in education of sports education of university undergraduate course of our country through knowledge, idea,educational idea ,physical educational idea combined with practice and experiments.
2023-06-13 07:06:592

W8BEN表格与TAXPAYER ID

如果受益方是公司,不是个人,那part II的第九条该选哪个呢? a 中是指resident, 公司好像不算吧?请大家赐教!
2023-06-13 07:07:093

翻译英语,请高手进

1.Pearl River is the biggest river in South China and also the third longest river in China,including three water systems :West River,North River and East River.2.Pearl River ,at the length of 2400 km or so,flows through six provinces including Yunnan,Guizhou,Guangdong,Guangxi,Hunan and Jiangxi.3. Most part of Pearl River is subtropical with excellant natural and human conditions in the coastal areas.4.Pearl River derives from the Lingnan culture and plays an important role in Chinese culture history.
2023-06-13 07:07:172

谁能帮我翻译

希望你能喜欢.What are Asset-Backed Securities||资产支持的安全是什么? Asset-backed securities, called ABS, are bonds or notes backed by financial assets||财务资产的回来的被称为 ABS, 是束缚的资产支持的安全或笔记. Typically these assets consist of receivables other than mortgage loans,1 such as credit card receivables, auto loans, manufactured-housing contracts and home-equity loans||典型地这些资产除了抵押贷款贷款之外有应收帐款,1 如此的如信用卡应收帐款 , 汽车贷款, 制造-住屋契约和家-公正贷款. ABS differ from most other kinds of bonds in that their creditworthiness (which is at the triple-A level for more than 90% of outstanding issues) derives from sources other than the paying ability of the originator of the underlying assets||ABS 在他们的 creditworthiness(在三倍之数是-一个水平对于超过 90% 的杰出议题) 起源于在下面资产的创始人的支付能力之外的来源上不同于大多数的其他类型的束缚. Financial institutions that originate loans—including banks, credit card providers, auto finance companies and consumer finance companies—turn their loans into marketable securities through a process known as securitization||开始包括贷款的银行,信用卡提供者, 汽车融资公司和消费者的财务的机构供给公司经费-透过一个已知的程序将他们的贷款变成可销售的安全如 securitization. The loan originators are commonly referred to as the issuers of ABS, but in fact they are the sponsors, not the direct issuers, of these securities||贷款创始人被普遍称为 ABS 的发行者,但是事实上他们是赞助者而不是直接的发行者, 这些安全. These financial institutions sell pools of loans to a special-purpose vehicle (SPV), whose sole function is to buy such assets in order to securitize them.2 The SPV, which is usually a corporation, then sells them to a trust||这些财务的机构卖贷款的池给一辆特别-目的车辆 (SPV) ,功能将买在次序的如此的资产给 securitize 他们脚掌。2 通常是公司的 SPV 然后卖他们给信赖||通常是公司的 SPV 然后卖他们给信赖. The trust repackages the loans as interest-bearing securities and actually issues them||信赖再包装贷款当举止兴趣的安全而且实际上发行他们. The “true sale” of the loans by the sponsor to the SPV provides “bankruptcy remoteness,” insulating the trust from the sponsor||对 SPV 的赞助者的贷款的 " 真实的售卖 " 提供使来自赞助者的信赖绝缘的 "破产远离 ,". The securities, which are sold to investors by the investment banks that underwrite them, are “credit-enhanced” with one or more forms of extra protection—whether internal, external or both||被签名于下他们的投资银行卖到投资者的安全是 " 信用 - 可提高的 " 由于一或较多形式的额外的保护-是否内在的,外部的或两者的. (See “Credit Enhancement,” on page||在页上见到 "信用提高 ," 11.) ABS constitute a relatively new but fast-growing segment of the debt market||ABS 构成债务市场的一个相对新的但是斋戒-成长片段. The first ABS were issued in 1985; in that year, the market for publicly offered ABS issues was $1.2 billion||第一 ABS 在 1985 年被发行; 在那年中, 给公然地提供的 ABS 议题的市场是十二亿元. In 2003, issuance totaled a new record of $479.4 billion||在 2003 年, 总计一笔四千七百九十四亿元的新记录的发行. This booklet primarily addresses publicly issued ABS, although the growing private-issue ABS market is briefly mentioned||这一本小册子主要地公然地演说发行 ABS,虽然成长的二等兵-议题的 ABS 市场简短地被提到. It is estimated that a total of over $2.6 trillion of ABS were issued from 1985 through||它被估计总数为上面的 ABS 中的 $2.6 兆被发行从 1985 穿越 2003. 1 Securities backed by first mortgages, although the most common ABS, are considered a separate investment category and are therefore not included in this guide||藉着第一个抵押贷款回来的安全, 虽然最通常的 ABS, 被视为一个分开的投资种类和是因此不在这一个引导者包含了. They are discussed in detail in The Bond Market Association"s Investor"s Guide to Mortgage Securities||他们在庞德被详细地讨论在市场上销售协会的投资者关于的指南抵押安全. 2 Certain types of financial institutions, such as banks, may sell their loans directly to a trust that issues ABS, since the intermediate sale to an SPV is not needed to achieve bankruptcy remoteness||像银行这样的财务机构的特定的类型,可能直接地对发行 ABS 的信赖卖他们的贷款,因为 SPV 的中间售卖没被需要达成破产远离. (See "Special-Purpose Vehicle and the Rating," on page 10.)
2023-06-13 07:07:271

sieve和sift有什么区别?sieve和sifter又有什么区别?

sieve:n. 滤网; [粮食][矿] 筛子; 不能保守秘密的人,嘴不严的人; v. 筛,筛选; 滤; sift:v. 筛(面粉、沙子等);细查;详审;sifter:n.(用于筛撒粉状食物的) 筛具,撒粉器; 滤器; 罗圈; 罗;
2023-06-13 07:07:363

letter jacket

A Letter Jacket is a jacket traditionally worn by high school and college students in the United States to represent school and team pride. It is usually made of wool and leather, with the wearer"s name stitched on the breast, and the sport(s) and/or activities(s) in which the wearer participates stitched on one arm. Letter jackets are usually produced in the school colors. The letter jacket derives its name from the letter or letters on its left breast, which are almost always the initials of the high school or college the jacket came from. For example, a letter jacket from Jersey High School would have a large J on the left breast. Letterman Jackets are also known as "Varsity Jackets" in some places. 如果你经常看美国的校园剧的话,应该可以看到,美国校园,尤其是高中或大学校园里面,一些团队经常会自己制作夹克衫。例如棒球队的夹克衫。这种夹克衫通常是由羊毛和皮革制成,在胸口缝有字母,字母一般是学校名字的缩写。颜色的话通常是学校所象征的颜色。
2023-06-13 07:07:441

英语介绍人力资源相关知识

http://www.google.cn/search?hl=zh-CN&q=human+resource&meta=&aq=f希望可以帮到你
2023-06-13 07:07:543

僵尸男孩的出现意义

“僵尸男孩”的出现是极端美学的极端展现。Rick、Stephen和Andrej的出现,使得先前的坏小子Cole Mohr、Ash Stymest、Josh Beech和Tyler Riggs看起来就像是胆小鬼。尤其是Rick和Stephen,前者成为了Nicola Formichetti的muse,后者在Givenchy设计总监Ricardo Tisci看来,其苍白无血的面孔所带来的哥特气息,从来都是他的美学重点,他说:“(白化病人)非常接近我的世界。”如果说,Cole Mohr时代的审美还停留在耍坏的小流氓阶段,那新近出现的这批模特,则把美带离了庸常的人间,到神魔的世界去寻找最为极端的东西。Nicola Formichetti的Thierry Mugler新装也散发着同样的哥特气息,主色调为黑色,皮革的应用,以及偶尔的鲜红色,使得这个系列看起来肃穆而残酷。
2023-06-13 07:04:411

TD-LTE 中的MTS上行通道是什么

前端CMTS是管理控制Cable Modem的设备,其配置可通过Consol接口或以太网接口完成。通过Consol接口的配置与Cable Modem配置类似,以行命令的方式逐项进行,而通过以太网接口的配置,需使用厂家提供的专用软件。CMTS的配置内容主要有:下行频率、下行调制方式、下行电平等。下行频率在指定的频率范围内可以任意设定,但为了不干扰其它频道的信号,应参照有线电视的频道划分表选定在规定的频点上。调制方式的选择应考虑信道的传输质量。此外,还必须设置DHCP、TFTP服务器的IP地址,CMTS的IP地址等。上述设置完成后,如果中间的线路无故障,信号电平的衰减符合要求,则启动DHCP、TFTP服务器,就可以在前端和Cable Modem间建立正常的通信通道。一般地说,CMTS的下行输出电平为110~121dBμV,接收的输入电平为44~86-dBμV;Cable Modem接收的电平范围为45~75dBμV;上行信号的电平为68~118dBμV(QPSK)或68~115dBμV(16QAM)。上下行信号在经过HFC网络传输衰减后,电平数值应满足这些要求。 CMTS设备中的上行通道接口和下行通道接口是分开的,使用时需经过高低通滤波器混合为一路信号,再送入同轴电缆。在实际使用中,也可用分支分配器完成信号的混合,但对CMTS设备内部的上下行通道的干扰较大。在CMTS和Cable Modem间的通道建立后,可使用简单网络管理协议(SNMP)进行网络管理。SNMP是一个通用的网络管理程序,对于不同厂家的CMTS和Cable Modem设备,需将厂家提供的管理信息库(MIB)文件装入到SNMP中,才能管理相应的设备。也可使用行命令的方式进行管理,但操作不直观,容易出现错误。
2023-06-13 07:04:422

机顶盒分为几类?

网络电视机顶盒是利用WIFI功能从而连接家庭网络,实用电视上网收看视频的目的。需要家庭有网络且使用无线路由器。和手机使用WIFI上网相同没有额外的费用,但网络是需要交费的,即一次交网络费可实现电视,电脑及手机三个途径上网所需。今天,小编就和大家一起了解一下网络电视机顶盒怎么安装以及机顶盒分类的相关信息~一、网络电视机顶盒怎么安装:1、网络机顶盒用HDMI线连接电视,电视没有HDMI接口就用HDMI转AV线连接电视。2、然后给机顶盒连接网络:连接wifi的话,首先要设置好路由器,然后打开盒子设置-无线设置功能,搜索之前设置好的wifi信号,输入密码就可以连接。如果连有线的话,只需要把网线插入机顶盒网线接口就可以了。3、网络机顶盒连接好电视和网络后,还需要用U盘给机顶盒安装个第三方直播软件才可以看电视直播,比如VST全聚合、电视猫。当贝、电视家直播、影视快搜等等视频软件。二、机顶盒分类:1.一种是传统的由各家广电运营商(北京歌华,杭州华数等)运营的机顶盒;2)另外一种是由电信运营商或者其他第三方运营的;3)最近很火爆的网络电视机顶盒,类似于电信的IPTV。下面先说说网络机顶盒:原理上会占用一定的带宽,但是电信在做网络机顶盒的时候之前,在ADSL接入点路的小路由器上做了带宽限制,有一部分用于平时的上网,有一部分用来看电视,两者带宽不共享。2.而传统的机顶盒,采用的是广播的方式传送,所有频道均以广播的方式实时传送给整张广电网络上的所有用户。其走的通道同网络机顶盒走IP的方式完全不同。因此使用此类机顶盒不会影响网速。至于使用CMTS上网的情况,由于与数字电视频道所在频点不同,因此不会影响CMTS上网的用户~传统机顶盒切换频道使用的信息来源于广播信号中所携带的某些“表”,其中有一部分与切换频道相关,因此传统机顶盒只需要解析这些表,并按照一定的流程切换到你想看到频道上就可以了。3.至于网络盒子,例如天猫魔盒,小米盒子之类,用他们看视频就和你在电脑上看视频一样。与电信IPTV使用预留带宽不同,使用网络盒子看电视也是使用的上网的通信链路,因此使用网络盒子是会影响同一个接入点的其他设备网速的。以上就是小编关于网络电视机顶盒怎么安装的详细解答,不知道大家对我们的介绍是否满意~。
2023-06-13 07:04:501

电缆调制解调器的发展现状

有线电视网资源潜力中国拥有世界上最大的有线电视网络。目前在中国有线电视网有两大优势:最后“一公里”带宽很宽;覆盖率高于电信网。电信网形成时,只是为了一个业务,那就是打电话,而打电话只要求64K的带宽。所以整个网络的设计也就仅局限于这64K,包括入户的双绞线。这样一来,电信网的“最后一公里”就成了瓶颈,限制了网络速度的提高。尽管电信采取了ISDN(综合服务数字网)、ADSL(非对称线性环路),可以做到10M、8M、6M,但在当前价位上提高的余地不大。再往前走,成本将非常高。而CATV(有线电视)的同轴电缆的带宽很容易可以做到800M,就现在的带宽需求而言,CATV网的最后“一公里”是畅通的。当然,由于有线电视网当初是用于广播式的电视传播,也就是说,是单向的,所以要用于电脑网络,必须对现有的网络前端和用户端进行改造,使之具有双向传输功能。总的来说,有线电视网相对电信网络具有以下优势:1)高传输速率;2)线路始终通畅(不用拨号,没有忙音);3)多用户使用一条线路(包括完整的电视信号);4)不占用公用电话线;5)提供真正的多媒体功能。电缆调制解调器运用1)电缆调制解调器的速度电缆调制解调器通过有线电视网络进行高速数据传输,从网上下载信息的速度比现有的电话Modem快1000倍。通过电话线下载需要20min完成的工作,使用电缆调制解调器只需要12s。电缆调制解调器的速度范围可以从500Kbit/s到10Mbit/s。2)电缆调制解调器的传输模式a.对称式传输所谓对称式传输是指上/下行信号各占用一个普通频道8M带宽,上/下行信号可能采用不同的调制方法,但用相同传输速率(2~10Mbit/s)的传输模式。在有线电视网里利用5~30(42)MHz作为上行频带,对应的回传最多可利用3个标准8MHz频带:500~550MHz传输模拟电视信号,550~650MHz为VOD(视频点播),650~750MHz为数据通讯。利用对称式传输,开通一个上行通道(中心频率26MHz)和一个下行频道(中心频率251MHz)。上行的26MHz信号经双向滤波器检出,输入给变频器,变频器解出上行信号的中频(36~44MHz)再调制为下行的251MHz,构成一个逻辑环路,从而实现了有线电视网双向交互的物理链路。b.非对称式传输由于用户上网发出请求的信息量远远小于信息下行量,而上行通道又远远小于下行通道,人们发现非对称式传输能满足客户的要求,而又避开了上行通道带宽相对不足的矛盾。频分复用、时分复用的配合加之以新的调制方法,每8MHz带宽下行速率可达30Mbit/s,上行传输速率为512Kbit/s或2?048Mbit/s。很明显,非对称式传输最大的优势在于提高了下行速率,并极大地满足网上数以万计的客户的应用申请,相对应的非对称式传输的前端设备是较为复杂的,它不仅有对称式应用中的数字交换设备,还必须有一个线缆路由器(Cable Router),才能满足网络交换的需要。而对称式传输中执行的IEEE802.4令牌网协议在同一链路用户较少时还能达到设计速率,当用户达到一定数量时,其速率迅速下降,不能满足客户多媒体应用的需求。此时,非对称式传输就比对称式传输有了更多更大的应用范围,它可以开展电话、高速数据传递、视频广播、交互式服务和娱乐等服务,它能最大限度地利用可分离频谱,按客户需要提供带宽。c.传输模式的选择很明显,不同的用途,不同的范围和规模,就应该注意选择不同的传输模式和不同的产品。写字楼、办公楼、学校和小区主要是用网络传输数据、资料以及Internet接入,那么就选择对称模式的电缆调制解调器,而且该类产品易用、易维护、价格低廉。如果网络结点设计合理的话(500个电视终端,200个数据用户),利用有线电视网,采用对称式传输模式建立一个企业的Intranet通信平台也是可行的。3)电缆调制解调器的种类随着电缆调制解调器技术的发展,出现了不少的类型。按不同的角度划分,大概可以分为以下几种。a.从传输方式的角度,可分为双向对称式传输和非对称式传输。对称式传输速率为2~4Mbit/s、最高能达到10Mbit/s。非对称式传输下行速率为30Mbit/s,上行速率为500Kbit/s~2.56Mbit/s。b.从数据传输方向上看,有单向、双向之分。c.从网络通信角度上看,Modem可分为同步(共享)和异步(交换)两种方式。同步(共享)类似以太网,网络用户共享同样的带宽。当用户增加到一定数量时,其速率急剧下降,碰撞增加,登录入网困难。而异步(交换)的ATM技术与非对称传输正在成为电缆调制解调器技术的发展主流趋势。d.从接入角度来看,可分为个人电缆调制解调器和宽带电缆调制解调器(多用户),宽带电缆调制解调器可以具有网桥的功能,可以将一个计算机局域网接入。e.从接口角度分,可分为外置式、内置式和交互式机顶盒。外置电缆调制解调器的外形象小盒子,通过网卡连接电脑,所以连接电缆调制解调器前需要给电脑添置一块网卡,这也是外置电缆调制解调器的缺点。不过好处是可以支持局域网上的多台电脑同时上网。电缆调制解调器支持大多操作系统和硬件平台。内置电缆调制解调器是一块PCI插卡。这是最便宜的解决方案。但是也带来了不便之处,首先,他只能用于桌上型电脑,MAC机和便携机也可以使用,但是接口卡需要有不同的设计,由于技术或者管理上的原因,有些国家根本不能使用内置的cable modem。交互式机顶盒的主要功能是在频率数量不变的情况下提供更多的电视频道。通过使用数字电视编码(DVB),交互式机顶盒提供一个回路,使用户可以直接在电视屏幕上访问网络,收发E-Mail等。CATV网上的加密,因为有线电视网属于共享资源,所以电缆调制解调器需要具有加密和解密功能。当给数据加密时,电缆调制解调器对数据进行编码和扰码,使得黑客盗取数据没那么容易。当通过Internet发送数据时,本地电缆调制解调器对数据进行加密,有线电视网服务器端的电缆调制解调器对数据解密,然后送给Internet。接收数据时则相反,有线电视网服务器端的电缆调制解调器加密数据,送上有线网,然后本地电脑上的电缆调制解调器解密数据。与Netscape的Navigator和Microsoft的Internet Explorer的加密不同的是,电缆调制解调器只是在有线电视网两端对数据加密/解码,数据通过Internet时是不被加密的。4)电缆调制解调器的标准电缆调制解调器主要存在两种不同的标准,一个是由美国有线电视运营公司成立的行业组织MCNS(多媒体线缆网络系统)起草的、已被ITU批准的J112标准;还有一个是IEEE802.14,此标准正在制订中。从技术上讲IEEE802.14比ITU-J112先进。5)电缆调制解调器的连接使用电缆调制解调器与传统的用电话线(标准双绞线)连接电话和电脑调制解调器的情况稍显复杂。最基本的有线电视网络结构包括5个重要部分:前端设备、干线系统、邻近分配系统、入户系统和终端设备。首先你要把电缆调制解调器连接到墙上的电视插孔,再把电视机和电脑连接到电缆调制解调器。在有线电视网的另一端是电缆调制解调器终端系统(CMTS-Cable Modem Termination System),作为网络前端。当然,安装网卡时必须同时安装TCP/IP协议。电话 Modem一般接在电脑的串行通讯口上。近10来年,串口一直是电脑的标准配置,但串口原本是用来作低速通讯的,不能支持电缆调制解调器这样的高速设备。所以电缆调制解调器通过网络适配卡与电脑相连。网卡插在PCI,ISA或PCMCIA插槽中。网卡提供的速度比串口快得多。6)电缆调制解调器工作原理电缆调制解调器从下行的模拟信号中划出6MHz频带,将信号转化为符合以太网协议的格式,从而与电脑实现通讯。用户需要给电脑配置以太网卡和相应的网卡驱动程序。同轴电缆中的6MHz频带被用来提供数据通讯。电视和电脑可以同时使用,互不影响。有线电视网络实际运行过程。射频信号在用户和前端之间沿同轴电缆上行或下行。上行和下行信号共享6MHz频带,但是调制在不同的载波频率上以避免相互干扰。一般速率下行为10Mbit/s,上行速率为786Kbit/s。通过上下行协议及相应的软硬件配置保证其通信质量。有线电视前端在上行方向,电缆调制解调器从电脑接收数据包,把它们转换成模拟信号,传给网络前端设备。该设备负责分离出数据信号,把信号转换为数据包,并传给Internet服务器。同时该设备还可以剥离出语音(电话)信号并传给交换机。为实现上述功能,需要将单向有线电视网转变成双向光纤-同轴电缆混合网,以便实现宽带应用。除了前端设备和现存的下行信号放大器外,还需要在干线上插入上行信号放大器。国外的发展情况利用电缆调制解调器在有线电视混合光缆同轴网上传送数据,用其做为互联网的宽带接入网是非常诱人的,有着良好的发展前景。原因是这种方法成本低、频带宽,是现有有线电视网宽带技术发展的热点。在美国有50个地方做试验网,而像加州Ahome网已开始商业运行。在1996年12月举行的96Westernshow有线电视大展上,有20家公司推出电缆调制解调器产品。一些大公司如DEC、Philips等采用多家公司的产品做系统集成服务,用HFC网做接入网的互联网系统的操作支撑系统(OSS)软件也已出现。总之,电缆调制解调器经过几年的发展已开始进入实用期。已发展的、供家庭用户接入互联网使用的电缆调制解调器大多是双向不对称的。一般来说,下行占用一个NTSC 6MHz通道,采用64QAM调制提供高达30Mbit/s的传送速率,而上行通道则在5~40MHz带中选择干扰较低的位置,占用1~2MHz带宽,用QPSK(或BPSK)调制提供500Kbit/s~2Mbit/s传送速率,第一代电缆调制解调器的标准大致是这样。典型产品如Motorola的Cybersurfr电缆调制解调器,下行30Mbit/s,上行786Kbit/s(占用600kHz带宽)。IBM则推出其双向的Cableonline系统。它的下行速率为30Mbit/s,上行为2.5Mbit/s。这种电缆调制解调器输入按照以太网协议连接用户,输出为ATM信号,在前端可用ATM交换机进行交换,解决了对来自多个光结点的数据进行交换的问题。上行噪声是影响电缆调制解调器性能的主要因素。为此不少公司在探索除QPSK(BPSK)以外的新的有高抗干扰能力的调制方法,在这方面1996年也有新突破。Terayon公司采用S-CDMA同步码分多址法取得很好效果,这种电缆调制解调器能工作在一个由8个光结点连接3万户居民的小区中,估计今后第二代电缆调制解调器会采用新的上行调制方法增强抗干扰能力。中国CATV网开发情况中国正在建更大规模的HFC宽带接入试验网。863计划通信主题也设立了全功能服务网课题。中国数据广播中心与中国科学院科健集团合资成立的广通联数据广播网络有限责任公司主营推广电缆调制解调器互联网高速接入业务。
2023-06-13 07:04:211

激光切割机都有哪些系统组成?

激光切割机系统一般由激光发生器、(外)光束传输组件、工作台(机床)、微机数控柜、冷却器和计算机(硬件和软件)等部分组成。1)机床主机部分:激光切割机机床部分,实现X、Y、Z轴的运动的机械部分,包括切割工作平台。用于安放被切割工件,并能按照控制程序正确而精准的进行移动,通常由伺服电机驱动。2)激光发生器:产生激光光源的装置。对于激光切割的用途而言,除了少数场合采用YAG固体激光器外,绝大部分采用电-光转换效率较高并能输出较高功率的CO2气体激光器。由于激光切割对光束质量要求很高,所以不是所有的激光器都能用作切割的。高斯模式适用于小于1500W、低阶模二氧化碳激光器100W-3000W、多模3000W以上。3)外光路:折射反射镜,用于将激光导向所需要的方向。为使光束通路不发生故障,所有反射镜都要保护罩加以保护,并通入洁净的正压保护气体以保护镜片不受污染。一套性能良好的透镜会将一无发散角的光束聚焦成无限小的光斑。一般用5.0英寸焦距的透镜。7.5英寸透镜仅用于>12mm厚材。4)数控系统:控制机床实现X、Y、Z轴的运动,同时也控制激光器的输出功率。5)稳压电源:连接在激光器,数控机床与电力供应系统之间。主要起防止外电网干扰的作用。6)切割头:主要包括腔体、聚焦透镜座、聚焦镜、电容式传感器和辅助气体喷嘴等零件。切割头驱动装置用于按照程序驱动切割头沿Z轴方向运动,由伺服电机和丝杆或齿轮等传动件组成。7)操作台:用于控制整个切割装置的工作过程。8)冷水机组:用于冷却激光发生器。激光器是利用电能转换成光能的装置,如CO2气体激光器的转换率一般为20%,剩余的能量就变换成热量。冷却水把多余的热量带走以保持激光发生器的正常工作。冷水机组还对机床外光路反射镜和聚焦镜进行冷却,以保证稳定的光束传输质量,并有效防止镜片温度过高而导致变形或炸裂。9)气瓶:包括激光切割机工作介质气瓶和辅助气瓶,用于补充激光震荡的工业气体和供给切割头用辅助气体。10)空压机、储气罐:提供和存储压缩空气。11)空气冷却干燥机、过滤器:用于向激光发生器和光束通路供给洁净的干燥空气,以保持通路和反射镜的正常工作。12)抽风除尘机:抽出加工时产生的烟尘和粉尘,并进行过滤处理,使废气排放符合环境保护标准。13)排渣机:排除加工时产生的边角余料和废料等。
2023-06-13 07:04:181