虚拟语气

有虚拟语气。这里that从句是一个同位语从句，解释说明proposal。在这个从句里就是用了虚拟语气。因为proposal是“建议，提议”，该名词或动词引出的从句需要用should do结构的虚拟语气，should可以省略。这个例子就是省略了should。原句是：They are all for your proposal that the seminar (should) be put off

可以接虚拟语气pray可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时可接名词、代词、动词不定式(可为被动式)或that从句作宾语,也可接双宾语,其间接宾语可转化为介词to的宾语。

如果我能把时间存储在瓶子里我想做的第一件事就是把每一天都存下来直到永恒只是为了和你一起度过如果我能让时间永恒如果语言能使愿望成真我想就像宝藏一样珍惜每一天，然后我想和你一起分享

unless是从属连词,引导条件状语从句,含有否定意义,相当于if条件状语从句的否定形式.If引导的条件状语从句有两种,真实和非真实,当unless=if not 时可以引导虚拟条件句,当从句所表达的条件是有可能实现的、有可能是真实的条件时,用真实条件句,如果从句所表达的条件是不可能实现的、与客观事实完全相反的条件或假设时,用虚拟条件句. 这句话中是有可能实现的：除非朱丽叶一起做,否则我们就决定不做了. 主句中用了过去完成时,从句根据说话的语义,用过去式 所以选D did

unless是从属连词，引导条件状语从句，含有否定意义，相当于if条件状语从句的否定形式。If引导的条件状语从句有两种，真实和非真实，当unless=ifnot时可以引导虚拟条件句，当从句所表达的条件是有可能实现的、有可能是真实的条件时，用真实条件句，如果从句所表达的条件是不可能实现的、与客观事实完全相反的条件或假设时，用虚拟条件句。这句话中是有可能实现的：除非朱丽叶一起做，否则我们就决定不做了。主句中用了过去完成时，从句根据说话的语义，用过去式所以选Ddid希望对你有帮助哦~

与关系试试先反应过去完成时与现在事实相反，用过去完成时

一。用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实，或与事实相反。二．真实条件句用陈述语气1．真实条件句表示的假想是真实的或有可能性2．句型：条件从句（一般现在时）+主句（shall/will+动词原形）3.注意：当表示真理时，主句谓语动词不用shall/will+动词原形，而直接用一般现在时三．虚拟语气用于非真实条件句中1．表示同现在事实相反的假想，可以表示现在，过去或将来的情况2．表示同过去事实相反的假想句型：条件从句（过去完成时had done）+主句（should/would have+过去分词）3．表示对将来的假想句型：①条件从句为一般过去式；主句为should+动词原形 ②条件从句为were+动词原形；主句为would ③条件从句为should+动词原形; 主句为would4.表示错综复杂的条件 有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，一个发生在过去，一个发生在现在。5．虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should, 或had时, 可省略if，再把were, should或had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装。6．特殊的虚拟语气词should 1）在主语从句中的应用It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…等结构的主语从句，谓语动词用should 加动词原形，should 可省略。It is 可用的词有三类 that （should）do suggested, ordered, required, proposed, demanded, requested, insisted等 important, necessary, natural, imperative, strange等 a pity, a shame, no wonder等 2）在宾语从句中的应用在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中，像order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + （should） do等。例如： I suggest that we （should） hold a meeting next week. 我建议下周召开个会议。 He insisted that he （should ） be sent there.他要求被派到那儿去。 注意：如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。wish的用法 1）wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为： 主句 从句从句动作先于主句动词动作（be的过去式为 were） 现在时 过去时从句动作与主句动作同时发生（had + 过去分词） 过去时 过去完成时将来不大可能实现的愿望 将来时 would/could +动词原形8． 比较if only与only if only if表示"只有"；if only则表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用于陈述语气。9．It is （high） time that It is （high） time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。10.need "不必做"和"本不必做" didn"t need to do表示过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。 needn"t have done表示过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。相关练习题1.（B）The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 考点：真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. （错） If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. （对） If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词不用shall （will） +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式1.（C）_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 考点：在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do, 而不能说 Weren"t I to do。2.（D）There was plenty of time. She ___. A. mustn"t have hurried B. couldn"t have hurried C. must not hurry D. needn"t have hurried 考点：needn"t have done. 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。 Mustn"t have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn"t have done, "不可能已经"。 must not do 不可以（用于一般现在时）。虚拟语气经典习题1. If I had had enough time, I my work. A. would finish B. must have finished C. would have finished D. had finished 2. Ten minutes earlier, they the plane. A. will catch B. would catch C. would have caught D. will have caught 3. Mr. Green requires that the students a composition every other week. A. write B. written C. would write D. will write 4. Had he studied hard, he the exam. A. would pass B. could pass C. had passed D. would have passed 5. I wish I what is happening there in his room. A. know B. known C. knew D. should know 6. It is important that you sports every day. A. have B. would have C. must have D. will have 7. If there were no water in the world, everything . A. will die B. would die C. would have died D. would have been dead 8. What was going to happen ,I would never have left her alone. A. Had I known B. If I know C. If I knew D. If had I known 9. He ordered that the workA. should finish B. finished C. would be finished D. be finished . 10. — Shall we go to the movie tonight?— No, I"d rather at home with our baby. You"d better not leave it to the babysitter at night. A. you stayed B. you stay C. stayed D. stay 11 . in your position, I would help him. A. Was I B. Were I C. If I am D. If I had been 12. I , but I was stopped by the heavy rain. A. mean to come B. meant to come C. had meant to come D. meant coming 13. Mrs. Black insists in that old hotel. A. not to stay B. not staying C. staying not D. that he not stay 14. If you had spoken clearly, you would . A. understand it B. have understood C. be understood D. have been understood 15. If you that late movie last night, you wouldn"t be so sleepy. A. haven"t watched B. hadn"t watched C. didn"t watch D. wouldn"t have watched 16.The foreign friend speaks Chinese so well as if he a Chinese. A. is B. be C. should be D. were 17. — If he , he that food. — Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not take B. would be warned; had not take C. had been warned; would not have taken D. would have been warned; had not taken 18. Without electronic computers, much of today"s advanced technology achieved. A. will not be B. would not be C. would not have been D. cannot have been19．There was plenty of time. She ___.A. mustn"t have hurried B. couldn"t have hurried C. must not hurry D. needn"t have hurried 答案D。needn"t have done. 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。 Mustn"t have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn"t have done, "不可能已经"。 must not do 不可以（用于一般现在时）。20. We had hoped that he ____ longer．A. stays B. have stayed C.stayed D. would stay 解析：该题正确答案为D。had hoped表示"本希望"，同样用法的动词还有think， expect等，后面的句子需用虚拟语气

虚拟语气就是和事实相反的句子具体用法见薄冰英语呵呵好几张呢

虚拟语气时一个比较高阶的英语语法。建议你最好找一本语法书好好拜读一下该章节。说实话，一两句话根本数不清楚。即使说了，也不一定能懂透彻！

这是个虚拟语气倒装句。谓语提前表示强调。这个生意很冒险，但是一旦我们成功了，我们就会富有。

6. i"d always have walked you to the station. 情节大概是 对方要走了，这个人这么说，然后把对方送走了，完全不理解 这个 would have 的意思。7 A: who did this , who did this?

句子前面部分没有问题,some emphases最好改成emphases,去掉some.and后面的句子应改为practical steps should be taken,should不省略.

我觉得也是

SHOULD HAVE DONE 吗？

1) 用于提出提议或邀请 例：Would you like to change a seat? It"s warmer here.（您要不要换一下座位？这里暖和些。） Would you prefer a hardback edition?（您要不要买一本精装本？） 2) 用于提出客气的要求或请求： 例：I would like you to fetch that document for me now.（我想请你现在就帮我把那份文件取来。） I would like to know more about your plan.（我想更多地了解一下你的计划。） 3) would you mind + doing句型通常用于表示请求对方做一件有一定麻烦的事情，语气一般都非常客气。注意回答时通常是肯定的，以表示愿意做所要求的事情。 例：Would you mind filling in this form?（请您填一下这张表。） Would you mind repeating what you just said?（请把刚才的话重复一遍好吗？） 4) 用于委婉地表示自己的意见： 例：I would think the journey will take something like two weeks.（依我看，这次旅程大约需要两个星期。） I would look at the problem a little differently.（我对这个问题的看法略有不同。） 5) 用于表示过去经常性的行为或动作： 例：The retired captain would sit hours on end watching ships sailing past.（退休的船长经常坐在海边观望过往的行船，一坐就是几个小时。） He would go to bed strictly at 9, and on Sundays would not have lunch anywhere except in that restaurant.（他总是严格地9点上床睡觉。星期日总在那家饭店吃午饭。）

不可以.Whatifyouhadamilliondollars?这句话是个虚拟语气引导的句子，与实际情况不符。意思是“假如你有100万的话呢？”Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?这句话只是一个条件句，是对将来要做某事的提问。意思是“如果你有1million，你将用它来干什么？两者引起的上下文意思是截然不同的。

在虚拟语气中, would, could的区别：would的意思是“将要，将会做某事”，表“肯定、必然”的结果。could的意思是能“能做，可以做某事”，表“能力、允许、可能性”。

1) 用于提出提议或邀请 例：Would you like to change a seat? It"s warmer here.（您要不要换一下座位？这里暖和些。） Would you prefer a hardback edition?（您要不要买一本精装本？） 2) 用于提出客气的要求或请求： 例：I would like you to fetch that document for me now.（我想请你现在就帮我把那份文件取来。） I would like to know more about your plan.（我想更多地了解一下你的计划。） 3) would you mind + doing句型通常用于表示请求对方做一件有一定麻烦的事情，语气一般都非常客气。注意回答时通常是肯定的，以表示愿意做所要求的事情。 例：Would you mind filling in this form?（请您填一下这张表。） Would you mind repeating what you just said?（请把刚才的话重复一遍好吗？） 4) 用于委婉地表示自己的意见： 例：I would think the journey will take something like two weeks.（依我看，这次旅程大约需要两个星期。） I would look at the problem a little differently.（我对这个问题的看法略有不同。） 5) 用于表示过去经常性的行为或动作： 例：The retired captain would sit hours on end watching ships sailing past.（退休的船长经常坐在海边观望过往的行船，一坐就是几个小时。） He would go to bed strictly at 9, and on Sundays would not have lunch anywhere except in that restaurant.（他总是严格地9点上床睡觉。星期日总在那家饭店吃午饭。）

"What if +主语+谓语" 用于提出假设时，意思是“假若……”“假若……怎么办”“要是……将会怎么样”，其后句子可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。如：What if the train is late ?火车要是晚点怎么办? What if she forgets to bring it ? 要是她忘记带来会怎么样？ What if I should fall ill ?万一我病了怎么办呢？ What if the car breaks down ? 如果汽车抛锚了怎么办？ What if rains tomorrow? 如果明天下雨将怎么样？ What if I came tomorrow instead of this afternoon? 我今天下午不来，明天来，怎么样?What if I should fall sick and not be able to work? 万一我生病不能工作的话怎么办？What if no one had been there? 假如没有人去过那里的话，会怎么样?So what if we"re a little late? 就算我们迟到一会儿那又怎样？

"whatif+主语+谓语"用于提出假设时，意思是“假若……”“假若……怎么办”“要是……将会怎么样”，其后句子可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。如：whatifthetrainislate?火车要是晚点怎么办?whatifsheforgetstobringit?要是她忘记带来会怎么样？whatifishouldfallill?万一我病了怎么办呢？whatifthecarbreaksdown?如果汽车抛锚了怎么办？whatifrainstomorrow?如果明天下雨将怎么样？whatificametomorrowinsteadofthisafternoon?我今天下午不来，明天来，怎么样?whatifishouldfallsickandnotbeabletowork?万一我生病不能工作的话怎么办？whatifnoonehadbeenthere?假如没有人去过那里的话，会怎么样?sowhatifwe"realittlelate?就算我们迟到一会儿那又怎样？

"What if +主语+谓语" 用于提出假设时，意思是“假若……”“假若……怎么办”“要是……将会怎么样”，其后句子可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。如：What if the train is late ?火车要是晚点怎么办? What if she forgets to bring it ? 要是她忘记带来会怎么样？ What if I should fall ill ?万一我病了怎么办呢？ What if the car breaks down ? 如果汽车抛锚了怎么办？ What if rains tomorrow? 如果明天下雨将怎么样？ What if I came tomorrow instead of this afternoon? 我今天下午不来，明天来，怎么样?What if I should fall sick and not be able to work? 万一我生病不能工作的话怎么办？What if no one had been there? 假如没有人去过那里的话，会怎么样?So what if we"re a little late? 就算我们迟到一会儿那又怎样？

would rather的用法：would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”,后接动词原形,常省略为"d rather,表示优先选择的一种方式，其否定形式是would rather not do sth.would rather没有人称和数的变化。 扩展资料 　　用法： 　　1、在两者中取舍,表“宁愿……而不愿……/与其……宁可……”时，则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…句型。 　　2、也可以颠倒为：rather than…would… 　　3、Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选同一动词,那么than后的动词可以省略。 　　4、要注意“平行结构”，即在than的`前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个n、两个不定式、两个介短等。 　　5、在疑问句式中，短语中的would要放在主语之前。 　　would rather+从句，常用的虚拟语气句型,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。 　　其意为“宁愿……,还是……好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。 　　引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。此时，主句一般为I had rather,其（that）从句则用过去完成时。

wouldrather虚拟语气的三种时态是倒退。从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，表示现在或将来的愿望，从句中谓语动词用过去完成市，表示对过去的愿望。wouldrather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气。时态的重要性可以用进行时态来表达感情色彩。过去进行时可以用来强调信息。表达委婉的含义。能说明动作发生的时间。在语法里，时间或时态表示行为发生的时间和说话时的关系。一般分为过去式、现在式，将来式，通常也有与表示动作进行或终止的进行式和完成式等体貌。汉语没有时态这一说法，取而代之的是虚词，时间副词。比如我们说，我吃了。

(1)谓语用过去时:表与现在或将来事实相反的虚拟iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.我宁愿你明天来(2)谓语用过去完成时:表与过去事实相反的虚拟iwouldratheryouhadnotdonethat.我宁愿你没有做过那件事

would rather后接句子时,句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气,具体用法为：1．一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望I"d rather you went tomorrow (now).我宁愿你明天(现在)去.I"d rather you came next Saturday.我宁愿你下星期六来.I"d rather you were happy.我愿你快乐.I"d rather she sat next to me.我宁愿她挨着我坐.I"d rather Jack left on an earlier train.我宁愿杰克乘前一班火车走.You always go without me and l"d rather you didn"t.你总是不带我去,我可不愿意你这样.“Shall I open the window?” “I"d rather you didn"t.”“我要不要把窗子打开?” “我看不要打开好.”

wish的虚拟语气的用法的三种时态如下：表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish+主语+动词过去式；表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish+主语+had+过去分词；表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish+主语+would+动词原形。Wish，英语单词，动词、名词，作动词时意为“希望，但愿；盼望，想要；祝，祝愿；祈愿，许愿；（印度英语）问候；要求（某人）做某事”，作名词时意为“希望，愿望；祈求，心愿；祝愿，祝福；想要的东西，希望的事；请求，要求，（美）威什（人名）”。best wish美好祝愿wish for盼望，希望得到as you wish随心所欲wish you happy祝你快乐wish i knew但愿我知道；我想知道I wish you to go with me.我心愿你同我一道去。I wish you to go with me.我希望你同我一道去。I wish you to do it.我希望你去做这件事。

整句话都是以过去时为基础的，你考虑的有些复杂了。

in case后面可以接虚拟语气，意思是‘以免"之类的。要不要用虚拟语气得判断叙述的事件是不是与过去的事实相反，或者还未发生的并且可能不会发生的。例句：Take umbrella or raincoat in case it should rain.

INCASE并不是专用于虚拟的就像你的例句，和虚拟没有关系INCASE你可以理解为“IF”就像不一定所有用“IF”引导的从句都用与虚拟一样，“INCASE”也不一定非用语引导虚拟给你个例子对比一下：Incaseyouneedsomething,pleasedon"thesitatetoletmeknow.

当句子表示将来意义时，在in case后面既可以用一般现在时，也可以用should/might+动词原形这样的虚拟语气，should不能省略。in case 可以引导的状语从句，通常可以根据具体情况使用语境所需要的任何时态（常见的例外是，当从句表示将来意义时，通常用一般现在时表示将来意义）。 当句子表示将来意义时，在in case后面既可以用一般现在时，也可以用should/might+动词原形这样的虚拟语气。 事实上，should/might+动词原形这样的虚拟语气不仅可用来表示将来意义的一般现在时，也可用于已发生的情况或过去情况。 在for fear that，in case，lest引导的从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：should+do。should不能省略。 She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。 He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他早早地就出发了以防迟到。

in case相当于if,根据句子意思的不同,用真实语气或虚拟语气.如果表有客观依据的推断,用真实,FE：you"d better take the food in case you are hungry at night.如果只表对结果的一种假设而无具体依据,用虚拟,

incase后面可以接虚拟语气，意思是‘以免"之类的。要不要用虚拟语气得判断叙述的事件是不是与过去的事实相反，或者还未发生的并且可能不会发生的。例句：Takeumbrellaorraincoatincaseitshouldrain.

虚拟语气涉及有should.would.could.might等词的用法一般在非真实性条件状语从句中使用1.与现在事实相反的情况：if+主语+过去时+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他2.表示与过去事实相反的情况：if+主语+haddone+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+havedone+其他3.表示对将来情况的主观推测　①if+主语+weretodo+sth.+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他　②if+主语+did/be(were)+sth.+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他　　③if+主语+should+do+sth.+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他其实这几个词分别是shall.will.can.may的分词形式，在虚拟语气的用法中跟他们的原意保持一致，即should.would表示“会”怎么样，主语为“ i”的时候用should，could表示“能”might表示发生几率很低的“可能”在使用的区别上从虚拟语气的使用上没有区别，只从句意上区别而已。希望对楼主有帮助。

恶的表过雨。说的是标本应该哭的是表示能够妹的士兵哭的，可能要再低一点的感觉。

对过去的虚拟:might have done对现在的虚拟:might do

wish后面所跟的宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示某种不能实现的愿望。 其主要形式有三种： 表示对现在情况的虚拟： wish + 主语 + 动词过去式或 were表示对过去情况的虚拟： wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词 表示对将来情况的虚拟： wish + 主语 + would + 动词原形。 例如： I wish I knew what was going to happen. 但愿我能知道要发生什么事。 She wished she had stayed at home. 她懊悔的是她当时要是在家就好了。 I wish I were rich. 我恨不得我很有钱。 注意：在表示对过去情况的虚拟时，有时也可以用下列形式： wish + 主语 + would（could）+ have + 过去分词 I wish I could have seen her last night. 要是我昨天晚上能够见到她那该多好。

你好！许愿，通常这就是一个句子了，一般不接从句所以不用虚拟语气，大多仅仅采用and进行连接，如makeawish，anditwillcometrue.而如果是wish作为动词，表示一种希望和假设的时候，则可以使用虚拟语气，如iwishiweretherewithyou，我多希望那时候我在你身边如有疑问，请追问。

虚拟语气 有些条件句是可能实现的,称为真实条件句. 虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式,用来表达说话人的意愿.请求,设想,等未能或不可能实现的事实,或说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况.做这类题时首先要弄清楚虚拟语气的各种句型,即由if引导的虚拟条件句,省略if的倒装形式,可跟虚拟语气的宾语从句,同位语从句,表语从句的句型,以及表示祝愿或感叹的句子和由without, but for等介词引导的短语或句子. 四级对虚拟语气的测试主要涉及以下方面: 1). 主语从句,同位语从句中虚拟语气的用法. 2). 宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法,尤其是wish 虚拟语气结构的用法. 3). If条件句中虚拟语气的用法,应特别注意省略if的倒装结构是考试的重点. 4). would rather 等结构中虚拟语气的用法. 5). if only结构中虚拟语气的用法. 6). But, or, otherwise 等含蓄条件句的用法. 7). It"s time (that) 等结构中虚拟语气的用法. 1. 虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的运用(1)虚拟语气现在时. 用以表示与现在事实相反的假设或现在实现可能性不大的情况. 条件从句 主句动词过去式(be多用were) Would/should/could/might + 动词原形 Eg. If I were a bird, I would fly to you.If it were not for their help, we should be in a very difficult position.(2) 虚拟语气过去式. 表示与过去事实完全相反的假设. 条件从句 主句had + 过去分词 would/should/could/might + have +过去分词 Eg. If we had started earlier, we should not have missed the train.If she hadn"t been ill, she might have come.(3)虚拟语气将来式. 表与将来情形相反的假设或极少有可能实现的情况. 条件从句 主句动词过去式或should +动词原形或were to +动词原形 would/should/could/might +动词原形 Eg. If Professor Li should have time tomorrow, we could ask him some questions.If there should be no air, there would be no living things. ◆ 书面语中,上述(1),(2),(3)三种时态的虚拟句中,如果从句里含有should, had, were或其他助动词,则可将从属连词if省去,将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装. Eg. Were he in your position, he"d have done the same.Had I had time, I would have done that yesterday.Should he come tomorrow, I should give him the dictionary. (1) 错综时间虚拟句通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式. P 116, 2Eg. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去) If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在).(2) 含蓄条件句 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,二是暗含在上下文中,比如通过介词短语来表示. Eg. But for your advice, I could not have done it so successfully.The change could not have taken place without the open-door policy.I was so busy then, Otherwise, I would have told him the answer. (3) 虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用. A) 在wish, suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, recommend, require, decide, insist, desire, urge等动词的宾语从句以及would rather /sooner 后要用 “ (should) +动词原形” 来表示愿望,建议, 命令,要求等; 由上述动词派生或转化的名词suggestion, proposal, plan, motion, recommendation, demand, order, desire, request, requirement, insistence, advice, decision , obligatory 义不容辞的, 必须的 等的同位语从句或表语从句中也要用相应的虚拟形式. Eg.B) 在It is/was + 某些形容词 + that 从句的句型中,that从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气,即 “should + 动词原形”这些形容词有: important, necessary, essential, imperative, natural, strange, advisable, desirable, possible, probable, astonishing, surprising, desired, suggested, requested, recommended, ordered, proposed, decided, moved等.“ should + 动词原形(或完成形式)” 可表示惊奇,遗憾,怀疑,不满等. ⅰ. 用于expect, believe, think, suspect 等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中. Eg. I never expected that the new apartment should be so small. ⅱ. 用于 “It is a pity, it is a shame, it is no wonder 等 + that” 等结构后的主语从句中.Eg. It is a pity that he should be so careless. C) 在由for fear that, in case, lest 等引导的状语从句中,用 “ should + 动词原形” 表示 “惟恐”的意思. Eg. He handled the instrument with care for fear that it should be damaged. D) 在 “ It is (about/ high ) time + that (从句)” 中,谓语动词常用过去式表表示虚拟语气. Eg. It is high time that people learnt English. E) 在 “as if/ as though” 引导的状语从句中,谓语动词与wish的宾语从句的虚拟形式相同. Eg. He works with such enthusiasm as if he never knew fatigue.He speaks English as though he were an American. F) 在 look, seem等动词后的 “as if / as though”从句中,当表示真实情况时,用陈述语气; 否则,用虚拟语气. Eg. It seems as if they know each other. (真实情况)It seems as though it were already spring. (虚拟语气) G) 用在if only 引起的感叹句中. Eg. If only the driver didn"t drive so fast!

真人讲解英语语法：www.popmoon.com/grammarMap.asp，第10章 虚拟语气，比较全面

虚拟语气讲解一．非真实条件句的虚拟情况: 句型条件从句 主句对现在的虚拟were/didshould/would/could/might+v.对过去的虚拟had doneshould/would/could/might+have+done 对将来的虚拟1.were/did2.were to3.should+v. Should/would/could/might+v.1.与现在事实相反的条件e.g. If I were you, I would go at once. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.2.与过去事实相反e.g. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. If she had told him about the danger, he would not have hurt.3.与将来事实相反e.g. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. If we were to panic(受惊,惊慌), we should not be able to help.4.混合时间条件句：主从句不一定用指同一时间的动词。即:假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做混合虚拟语气（错综条件虚拟语气）。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。e.g. If you ____that late movie last night, you wouldn"t be so sleepy.A.haven"t watched B.didn"t watchC. hadn"t watched D.wouldn"t watchedIf Paul had received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teacher"s advice, you wouldn"t be in the hospital. e.g If I had gone to a key university, I would earn more money now.5．含蓄条件句：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表示而含蓄在介词短语或上下文中。 (1) without 和but for (要不是) 构成虚拟。 e.g Without ( but for ) the party, we wouldn"t be so happy. We might have died without your help. = We might have died if you hadn"t helped us. (2) otherwise , or ( 否则， 要不然) =if…not… e.g. He studies very hard, or/otherwise he couldn"t study so well. I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you. =If I had not been so busy last week, I would have come to see you. ( 3 ) if only后加句子… “要是……就好了” 注意：“if only”e.g. If only I could learn English in one day. If only it wasn"t raining. If only Jim had passed the exam. If only Sam would reply to my letter. 6．假设虚拟条件倒装。 条件从句中有 shouid,were,had 三个助动词，可以把 if 省略，并将这三个词提到句首 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up.If it were not for your advice, we couldn"t have got over the difficulties. Were not for your advice, we couldn"t have got over the difficulties二．虚拟语气用于宾语从句中。现在：过去时（were/did）</b></B>过去：过去完成时(dad done)</b></B>未来：would/could/might+V. should(不常用)</b></B> 1. wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气wish +(that)+主语 + e.g. I wish I could buy a spaceship some day. I wish that he wasn"t so lazy. The exhibition was so bored that I wish I had not gone to it.2. would rather(that)+从句，表示“愿望”的虚拟would rather (that) + 主语 + e.g. I would rather you had gone there.(与过去相反) 你要是去那里就好了。 I would rather you stayed at home now.(与现在) I would rather you could go to America tomorrow.3.用于表示意愿,建议，命令，请求，提议等动词后的that宾语从句中，用(should)+动词原形,这类动词有:ask, advise, arrange(安排), beg, command, decide, demand, desire, determine, insist (坚持要求,硬要), intend, propose, object(反对), order, require, request, suggest(建议)… 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand , require, request, desiree.g. She advised that we should keep the door locked. He suggests that she should leave the dangerous house at once. His face suggested that he was angry.(暗示) He insisted that he was innocent.(坚称,坚持说) He insisted that she (should) show him her passport.三． 用于主语从句中。 （1）It"s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that---Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形Eg.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.It"s necessary that we should study hard. （2）It"s+ a pity / a shame +that—clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形 e.g It"s a pity that I should miss the film. (3) It"s + p.p + that—clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形， 其中的p.p 为建议，要求，命令的动词。如：insisted ,ordered , requested ,required ,demanded etc. e.g It was ordered that the old sick man (should) be sent to the hospital at once.四．用于表语从句。主语为表示建议。要求，命令等的名词 如： insistence, order ,advice ,suggestion ,proposal ,reqirement 等e.g My suggestion is that English test( should) be read aloud by students every morning.五．用于同位语从句 e.g His suggestion that students should wear school uniform has been agreed. 六．用在as if(as though)引导的方式状语(表语)从句中,动词形式和wish宾语从句的形式相同。 as if /though +主语 +e.g. You are talking as if you had seen them. He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. She looks as if she would cry.主语+should+V.(should不能省略)主语+过去时七．用在定语从句中It is (about/high) time that e.g. It is time that you should have a class.=It is time that you had a class. 可该上课了(早该上课了，你怎么还不去?) It is time for you to have a class.该上课了.(上课的时间到了.) It is time that you should leave. =It is time you left.

买本好点的语法书,这得系统地学,才对你有好处:)

虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况: 1.在表示建议,要求,命令,想法的动词后的从句里,用should + 动词原形,should 可以省略.如 advise,agree,command,decide,demand,determine,grant,indicate,insist,order,prefer,propose,request,require,stipulate,suggest,urge,vote.常考到的是:suggest,advise,demand,require,propose,insist,order,request. His doctor suggested that he (should) take short leave of absence. 2.在表示建议,要求,命令,想法的名词后的从句里,用should + 动词原形,should可以省略.如 advice,decision,agreement,command,decree,demand,determination,indication,insistence,order,preference,proposal,request,requirement,stipulation etc. It was Bill"s suggestion that everyone (should) have a map. 3.在It is/was +形容词后的that 从句中用should的结构,should 可以省略.这类形容词常见的有:advisable,anxious,compulsory,crucial,desirable,eager,essential,fitting,imperative(绝对必要),impossible,improper,important,natural,necessary,obligatory,possible,preferable,probable,recommended,urgent,vital etc. It‘s natural that she (should) do so

宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词从句，用于表示建议、规劝、要求、命令等的名词从句使用虚拟语气目的是缓和让人非得接受的强硬感觉，言外之意告诉他人这只是主语的个人见解罢了，听不听全在自己。名词从句的虚拟语气包括下列三种：一、主句中有advise/advice，mind，suggest/suggestion,demand,request,insist/insistence,order，propose/proposal等表示动词或名词，从句动词需要用shoulddo或者干脆省去should直接用动词原形表示，如：宾语从句：--Isuggestedthatwe(should)holdameetingtinight.--Thechaimanproposedthatwe(should)discussthequestion.主语从句：--Itishisinsistencethatthematter(should)beputtovoteatonce.--Itismysuggestionthatwe(should)holdameetingtinight.表语从句：--Hisinsistenceisthatthematter(should)beputtovoteatonce.--Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)holdameetingtinight.二、在itis...that中，如果表语是important,neccessry,strange等表示主语个人见解的形容词时，主语从句也要虚拟，用（should）do作谓语动词，如：--Itisquitenaturalthathe(should)thinkso.--Itisstrangethathehavegoneawaywithouttellingus.三、wish，hadbetter,wouldrather和itistime后的从句也要用虚拟，但是谓语动词与条件虚拟的动词一致，如：--IwishIwereyoungagain.但愿我还年轻/我要是回到年轻时代就好了。--He"dbetteryouwouldcometomorrow.他倒希望你明天回来。--Theywouldratheryouhadcometoourpartythen.他们宁愿你那时来参加聚会。--It"shightimethatyouhadgotup.你早就该起床了。

宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词从句，用于表示建议、规劝、要求、命令等的名词从句使用虚拟语气目的是缓和让人非得接受的强硬感觉，言外之意告诉他人这只是主语的个人见解罢了，听不听全在自己。名词从句的虚拟语气包括下列三种：一、主句中有advise/advice，mind，suggest/suggestion,demand,request,insist/insistence,order，propose/proposal等表示动词或名词，从句动词需要用shoulddo或者干脆省去should直接用动词原形表示，如：宾语从句：--isuggestedthatwe(should)holdameetingtinight.--thechaimanproposedthatwe(should)discussthequestion.主语从句：--itishisinsistencethatthematter(should)beputtovoteatonce.--itismysuggestionthatwe(should)holdameetingtinight.表语从句：--hisinsistenceisthatthematter(should)beputtovoteatonce.--mysuggestionisthatwe(should)holdameetingtinight.二、在itis...that中，如果表语是important,neccessry,strange等表示主语个人见解的形容词时，主语从句也要虚拟，用（should）do作谓语动词，如：--itisquitenaturalthathe(should)thinkso.--itisstrangethathehavegoneawaywithouttellingus.三、wish，hadbetter,wouldrather和itistime后的从句也要用虚拟，但是谓语动词与条件虚拟的动词一致，如：--iwishiwereyoungagain.但愿我还年轻/我要是回到年轻时代就好了。--he"dbetteryouwouldcometomorrow.他倒希望你明天回来。--theywouldratheryouhadcometoourpartythen.他们宁愿你那时来参加聚会。--it"shightimethatyouhadgotup.你早就该起床了。

宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词从句,用于表示建议、规劝、要求、命令等的名词从句使用虚拟语气目的是缓和让人非得接受的强硬感觉,言外之意告诉他人这只是主语的个人见解罢了,听不听全在自己.名词从句的虚拟语气包括下列三种： 一、主句中有 advise/advice,mind,suggest/suggestion,demand,request,insist/insistence,order,propose/proposal 等表示动词或名词,从句动词需要用 should do 或者干脆省去 should 直接用动词原形表示,如： 宾语从句： -- I suggested that we (should) hold a meeting tinight. -- The chaiman proposed that we (should) discuss the question. 主语从句： -- It is his insistence that the matter (should) be put to vote at once. -- It is my suggestion that we (should) hold a meeting tinight. 表语从句： -- His insistence is that the matter (should) be put to vote at once. -- My suggestion is that we (should) hold a meeting tinight. 二、在 it is ...that 中,如果表语是 important,neccessry,strange 等表示主语个人见解的形容词时,主语从句也要虚拟,用（should）do 作谓语动词,如： -- It is quite natural that he (should) think so. -- It is strange that he have gone away without telling us. 三、wish,had better,would rather 和 it is time 后的从句也要用虚拟,但是谓语动词与条件虚拟的动词一致,如： -- I wish I were young again.但愿我还年轻/我要是回到年轻时代就好了. -- He"d better you would come tomorrow.他倒希望你明天回来. -- They would rather you had come to our party then.他们宁愿你那时来参加聚会. -- It"s high time that you had got up.你早就该起床了.

虚拟语气主要说的就是对未发生事情表达的看法。举个例子说，英语里面说假如我是你那就好啦。这个我是你，就是一个非现实的情况。这种情况我们就用虚拟语气来表述。虚拟语气的用法主要有对现在对过去对未来的虚拟。对现在的虚拟：if+过去式 主句：would（should，might，could）+do对过去的虚拟：if+过去完成式 主句：would（should，might，could）+have done对将来的虚拟：if+were to（should）do 主句：would（should，might，could）+do这几个是最基本的形式。再有的话，在限定字数内说不清了。只要掌握好这几种，了解虚拟语气的基本情况，其余的也就好理解了。

是的。be keen to：keen指心智、感官等时，作“敏捷的，敏锐的”解。keen用作表语时，后面可接介词短语，动词不定式或that从句，从句中谓语动词常为虚拟语气。

退时态：真实语气中的现在时变成过去时，过去时变成过去完成时，将来时变成过去将来时 1．条件句中： uf06c If it were not for…；If it hadn"t been for…这两种句型表示“要是没有”，相当于but for If it had not been for the PLA man, he would not be studying English now. uf06c if…only…（或If only…）表示“要是…就好了” 1．名词性从句： uf06c demand/suugest/order/insist/propose/request/ask/advise/prefer/command/desire that… They demanded that the aggressor troops (should) be withdrawn immediately. 由insist引导的宾语从句可以虚拟也可以不虚拟： He insisted that he was right.坚持认为 He insisted that we should agree with him.坚持某事 由suggest引导的宾语从句可以虚拟也可以不虚拟： His white face suggests that his not healthy.表明 He suggested that we have a rest.建议 If I could only see him once! If only I had listened to your advice. 很明显，这种句型省略了主句 2．其他状语从句中： uf06c as if/as though/even if… Tom looked sad as if he had heard bad news. I won"t lend you any money even I had money. 3．名词性从句： uf06c wish that…（hope后的宾语从句不虚拟） I wish I were as strong as you. How I wish it wasn"t raining! uf06c would rather/would sooner/had rather that…表示“宁愿” I would rather they came tomorrow. I could go myself but I would sooner you went. I had rather you told him than I did. uf06c It is time/high time that… It is time we went to bed. +(should) do：

1.if虚拟条件句 1. 与现在事实相反，if条件从句谓语动词用一般过去时，主句用would/could/should+do 例：If I were in your position, I would call the police immediately. 如果我处在你的位置，我会立即打电话报警。 2 .与过去事实相反，if 条件从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句用would/could/should+have done 例：We would have missed our flight yesterday if John hadn"t offered us a lift. 昨天要不是约翰让我们搭车，我们就会错过航班了。 3 .与将来事实相反，if 条件从句谓语动词用一般过去式或should do或were to do，主句用would/could/should+do 例：If I had (should have) time tomorrow, I would certainly help you. 如果我明天有空的话，我当然会帮助你的。【历年真题】 We ______ back in the hotel now if you didn"t lose the map.（北京高考） A. are B. were C. will be D. would be 选D。句意：要是你没弄丢地图的话，我们现在就回到宾馆了。根据条件状语从句中if we didn"t lose the map可知，主从句都是对现在情况的假设，所以选D。 2. wish句型 1 、wish that sb. did sth. 希望某人现在做某事 例：I wish I were as strong as you. 我希望和你一样强壮。 考—Where are the children? The dinner"s going to be completely ruined. —I wish they ______ always late.（北京高考） A. weren"t B. hadn"t been C. wouldn"t be D. wouldn"t have been 选A。句意：——孩子们在哪儿？这顿饭就要彻底泡汤了。——但愿他们永远都不要迟到。考查虚拟语气。根据句意表示的是现在的愿望，所以用一般过去时，故选A。 2. wish that sb. had done sth. 希望某人过去做某事 例I wish you had told me earlier. 要是你早点告诉我就好了。 3. wish that sb. would/could do sth. 希望某人将来做某事 例：I wish you would succeed this time. 我希望你这次会成功。 3.It is high time that sb. did (should do) sth. 该……的时候了 例It is high time that we went to the classroom. 该我们进教室的时候了。 4.but for, without 要不是……，要是没有…… 用由but for和without构成的虚拟语气，相当于if... not...引导的虚拟语气句式。 例：But for your advice, I would have failed. 要不是你的建议，我就失败了。 =If I hadn"t taken your advice, I would have failed. Without your help, I would not have accomplished this task. 要不是你的帮助，我就完成不了这项任务了。 =If I hadn"t got your help, I would not have accomplished this task. 5.if only 要是……就好了 例If only I had another chance! 要是我再有一次机会就好了！ 6.as if/though 好像，似乎 用以as if/though引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气，若表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示将来的可能性不大，用would (might, could)+动词原形： 例：They treat me as though I were a stranger. 他们待我如同陌生人。 【历年真题】 It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I ______ it?（重庆高考） A. had done B. have done C. did D. am doing 选A。考查虚拟语气的用法。as if后的句子若表示与事实相反，须用虚拟语气。根据前一句中谓语动词用一般过去时可知，as if后的句子表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，谓语动词需用过去完成时。故选A。 7.用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型 1、动词expect, intend, hope, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think, want, wish等的过去完成时态，或者用一般过去时态后面接不定式的完成形式表示过去未曾实现的愿望，常意为“本来希望、计划、打算……做……但实际没做到”。 例I had planned to go abroad after graduation, but my mother was ill。我本来计划毕业后出国的，但是我母亲生病了。 2、情态动词should, could, might, ought to等后接完成时，表示过去本该做、打算做、想做而未做的事情。结构如下： should have done=ought to have done本应该做而没做 could have done 本可以做某事而没做 might have done 本可以做而没做 例：They ought to have apologized. 他们本该道歉的。 I missed the important meeting. You should have reminded me of attending the meeting yesterday. 我错过了这次重要会议。你昨天本该提醒我参加这次会议的。【EXERCISE】 1.______ your timely help, I couldn"t have finished the work on time. I can"t thank you too much. A. Rather than B. Except for C. In addition to D. But for 2.I ______ to send him a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I ______ it. A. hoped; hadn"t managed B. hoped; didn"t manage C. hope; don"t manage D. had hoped; didn"t manage 3.—How did you do in the test? —Not so well. I ______ much better but I misread the directions for Part D. A. could have done B. could do C. must have done D. should do 4.It"s a pity you were late, otherwise you ______ the film star Rain from Korea. A. would have seen B. must have seen C. may have seen D. can have seen 5.—Do you think George has passed the driving test? —No. If so, he ______ his car to our college yesterday. A. would drive B. must have driven C. would have driven D. had driven 6.The printer is of good quality. If it ______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might 7.—Is the manager available tomorrow afternoon? —No, he is busy. Otherwise he ______ the meeting. A. had attended B. would have attended C. would attend D. could have attended 8.He was fired. If he ______ my advice, he wouldn"t have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. follows 9.—Why wasn"t John hired for the job? —I don"t know, but he ______. A. was B. had been C. should have D. should have been 答案 01-05 DDAAC 06-09 BCCD

我明白了

原因：hope后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，而wish则要用。以上。

I hope＋从句的。当我希望的东西现在（或过去）还没有实现时，用虚拟语气。虚拟语气 一、概念 [Subjunctive Mood]中文译作"虚拟语气"。它是一种动词形式，表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。二、语法结构 1.if结构（非真实条件句——表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况） 与..事实相反 If从句 主句 过去 Had done Would* have done 现在 Were/did Would* do 将来 Should do/were/were to do Would* do 例句：If there hadn"t been much rain in spring, we would have had a good harvest now. [过去] If he smoked less, his cough might be well soon. [现在] If the lecturer should be late, you would have to make a speech first. [将来] 备注： （1）上表中"would*"可转换为should、could、might。 （2) 如果为时间错综句的话，左右两栏可互相搭配，排列组合。 例句： He would still be alive today if he hadn"t taken that drug. [与现在事实相反] [与过去事实相反] (3) if可转换为其他形式 例句：Without your advice, our meeting wouldn"t have been so successfully. [过去] （=>可转换为：If there hadn"t been your advice, we …） Your notes are almost illegible (难以辨认的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [将来] (=> 可转换为：If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.) I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[过去] (=> 可转换为：If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..) 2、wish结构 与..事实相反 过去 Had done 现在 Were/did 将来 Would 备注：可转换为其他形式。 例句：He talks as if (好像) he had done all the work himself. [过去] I wish I were a bird. I wish he handn" done that. I wish I would be rich in the future. 3、should结构 从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成。而且should可以省去。用于此结构的动词有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest,intend等。 例句：The teacher suggest he (should) read English aloud. 注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明，显示”时，不用虚拟语气。 例句：The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him. He insisted that he was honest. 4、would rather ＋从句 在这种结构中，从句的谓语动词用过去形式表示虚拟。 例句：I would rather you did this instead of me. 5、主语从句中的虚拟语气 1）It be + 形容词 + that ．．．（should）．．． 用于该句型的形容词是：necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising ． 一些名词也可以用于 在该结构中。如：a pity， no wonder．．．． 2）It be + 过去分词 + that ．．．（should）．．．． 用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如：desired， suggested， requested， ordered， proposed等。 3）It is time（about time， high time）that ．．．（过去式动词形式或should＋动词原形）．．．． It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now. 6、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在suggestion， proposal， order， plan， idea， advice， decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同 位语从句中，要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用：should＋原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省 略。 例：My suggestion is that we should go there at once. What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?三、使用范围及判断 1、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。 2、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断 判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。 判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。 3、“后退一步法” 后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即：在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是： 1）与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 2）与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 3）与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。 主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。 例：If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn"t go out.四、注意事项 1.if条件从句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，并使用倒装语序。 2、在现代英语中if条件状语从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。 3、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词。注意：与哪个事实相反，不能以主句的时态为判断依据，而是根据从句的意义判断。

Make them progress

attached是which are attached的省略；as if是虚拟语气。

虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测， 建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。 Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气 ⒈ 用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。 ① 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her. ② 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis. ③ 大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种，但并不排除存在条件和后果中，一个和现在情况相反，另一个和过去情况相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.这个句子在高中出现频率颇高。 ④ 但是，如果后果用了虚拟语气，而条件却用陈述语气，这种用法是错的。 ⒉ 除了表示虚假条件外，if从句还可以表示对将来的推测，由于是将来还没有发生的，所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的，只能说这个事情发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下，可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对一个未来事实的推测，这个事实是完全可能发生的。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形，例如：Jean doesn"t want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn"t be able to see her friends very often.（1996年1月四级第44题） ⒊ 有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构,这时候，如果出现not等否定词，否定词需放在主语后面。这种结构在口语中很少使用，但频频出现在各类考试中出现，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. ⒋ 大多数的虚拟条件通过上面所讲的两种方法表达，但在个别句子中也可以通过介词without和介词短语but for表达，副词otherwise等表达出来。例如：We didn"t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.（1995年6月四级第46题）值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，谓语动词必定要用虚拟形式，但包含without等短语的句子，谓语动词未必一定要用虚拟语气。 ⒌ 有时虚拟条件不是明确地表达出来，而在蕴含在用but引导的从句里，于是便出现了有谓语动词是虚拟语气的主句加上谓语动词是陈述语气的but从句构成的并列复合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在这样的句子里，如果主句没有用虚拟语气，或者从句用了虚拟语气，都是错的。 Ⅱ用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气 ⒈ 在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中，需用虚拟语气。（wish后的that 常省略），根据主句时态，从句谓语时态相应退后一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him. ⒉ 在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用(should) +动词原形。值得注意的是，如果宾语从句的动词是否定的，否定词not的位置应在动词之前，而不是动词之后。例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外，如suggest表达“暗示”，insist表示“坚持某种说法”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，例如：Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy. 除此之外，上述动词也要求用虚拟式 ① 在It is+上述动词的过去分词，其后所跟的主语从句中，如It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms. ② 在上述动词相应的名词形式作主语+连系动词，其后的表语从句中，例如His suggestion was that classed be re-scheduled. ③ 在对上述动词相应的名词进行解释的同位语从句中，如：The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation. ⒊ would （had）rather , would sooner也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反，例如：I would rather he went right now. Ⅲ其他形式的虚拟语气 ⒈ it is +necessary等形容词后，that主语从句中虚拟形式使用，这类形容词包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等，例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.或者It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly. ⒉ 在It"s (high/about) time 之后的定语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式，例如It is high time that you went to school ⒊ 虚拟语气在as if / as though 引导的方式状语从句中的应用（谓语动词形式与wish后的宾语从句基本相同）表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。例如：He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 表示过去想象中的动作或情况，谓语动词用过去完成式。 ⒋ 在lest 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用虚拟语气，(should )+ 动词原形。例如： The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.（1998年1月四级第38题） ⒌ 在if only 引起的感叹句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式或过去完成式。例如： Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I had followed your advice. 虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如： ①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 简单句中的虚拟语气 一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。如： ⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？ 二、表祝愿。 1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。 ⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运！ ⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐！ 3、May you be happy. (注意那个be ) 祝你幸福。 2、用动词原形。例如： (1).Long live the people! 人民万岁！ 三、表示强烈愿望。（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”） (1).God save me． 四、表命令 1.命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。 2.句子尾通常加上感叹号：！ 3.虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(Simple Present)，如：work, be , go 4.否定形式的命令语气，可用助动词do，加上not。 五、在一些习惯表达中。如： (1).You"d better set off now.你最好现在就出发。 (2).I"d rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。 第三部分：名词性从句中的虚拟语气 第一节：宾语从句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虚拟语气 一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。 一）、对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）： 从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例： 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 二）、对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）： 用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例： 1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn"t wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了) 2. He wishes he hadn"t lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 例题分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept 动词wish后面接从句，表达不可能实现或与事实相反的情况时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用过去式（表示现在发生的动作）或过去完成式（表示过去发生的动作）。本题后半句谓语动词have用的是过去时had to get up and come, 所以前面要用过去完成时表示过去发生的动作。所以, 选项A)could have slept是答案 三）、对将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望)： 从句动词"would/should/could/might + 动词原形"(时间上较后)(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同)。用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。例： 1. I wish it would stop raining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop) 我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢) 2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be) 我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢) 四）、注意： 1.如果将wish改为过去式wished, 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变。例如： I wished I hadn"t spent so much money. 我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。 2. 如果that 从句中用would , 一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求 I wish he would answer my letter. . 二、在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有： 表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg 表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote 表示“决定、命令”的：decide, order 表示“主张”的：maintain, urge 表示“同意、坚持”的：consent, insist 例如： 1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight. 2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news. 在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中虚拟语气很普遍，其结构如： order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist +... (should) do 6.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 7.He insisted that he (should ) be sent there. 但注意：在insist 后的从句中, 如果是坚持自己, 用陈述语气, 坚持别人做什么事情, 用虚拟语气. 8.she insists that she is right. 或者说，suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules. 三、在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中，我们经常用“should＋动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等。 四、would rather ， would sooner，had rather， would (just) as soon ，would prefer之后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 would rather , would sooner, had rather, would (just) as soon，would prefer（希望）也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示”宁愿做什么”或"对过去做的事的懊悔"。 (1).I would rather he came tomorrow than today. (注：①若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用动词原形 I would rather stay at home today． ②would rather．．．than．．．中用动词原形 I would rather stay at home than go out today． 五、“had hoped”后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 用“had hoped”表示原来希望做到而实际上未能实现的事情，其宾语从句的谓语用“would+动词原形”。 I had hoped that she would go to the U.S. and study there, but she said she liked to stay in China.我原本希望她到美国去念书，但她说她喜欢留在中国。 主语从句中的虚拟语气 一、“It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that……”结构中的虚拟语气 在形如“It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that……”结构中，使用某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、可能、适当、较好、迫切、紧近、重要等形容词后的主语从句的谓语也用虚拟语气。其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或省略should直接用动词原形（美国英语中省去should） 常用的形容词：* natural (自然的), appropriate (适当的),advisable (合适的), preferable (更可取的), better (更好的)* necessary (必须的), important (重要的), imperative (急需的), urgent (急迫的), essential (本质的), vital (必不可少的)* probable (很可能的), possible (可能的)* desirable (极好的)advisable（合理的），compulsory（必须的），crucial（紧急的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），incredible（惊人的），necessary（必要的），possible（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（紧迫的）。 常用的过去分词(Past Participle):* required (需要的), demanded (要求), requested (被请求的), desired (要求)* suggested (建议), recommended (推荐)* orderd (命令) 1. It is necessary that we (should 可省略,下同）have a walk now.(necessary, should + have) (表示有需要去散步) 2.It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.(necessary, should + make) (表示有必要事先做好准备) 二、在It is ＋名词＋that…的主语从句中的虚拟语气 在It is ＋名词＋that的主语从句中，常用虚拟语气，表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等。这类名词 有：advice ，decision ，desire ，demand ，idea，motion ，order，pity ，preference ，proposal，recommendation ， requirement，resolution，shame，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。 ⑴、It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad．我建议派他去国外进一步学习。 虚拟语气用在表语从句或同位语从句中 当某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或直接用动词原形。这类名词常见的有： demand (要求), desire (请求),requirment (要求) advice (劝告), recommendation (建议),suggestion (建议) order (命令) necessity (必要地), preference (优先) proposal (计划), plan (计划), idea (办法)， recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。

虚拟语气 1） 概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 2） 在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 1.真实条件句 真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。 时态关系 句型：条件从句 主句 一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形 If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题 The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 注意： 1） 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2） 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 2.非真实条件句 1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。 a. 同现在事实相反的假设。 句型 ： 条件从句 主句 一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形 If they were here, they would help you. b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。 句型： 条件从句 主句 过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词 If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded. The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful. If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going. If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it. 含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress. 含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress. c. 表示对将来的假想 句型： 条件从句 主句 一般过去时 should+ 动词原形 were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形 should+ 动词原形 If you succeeded, everything would be all right. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. 3.混合条件句 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 4.虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。 Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us. Had you come earlier, you would have met him =If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. 注意： 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词"be"的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。 If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。 典型例题 _____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were IB. I were C. Were I D. Was I 答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren"t I to do. 5特殊的虚拟语气词：should 1） It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。 句型： (1)suggested It is (2)important that…+ (should) do (3) a pity (1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do (2)important, necessary, natural, strange a pity, a shame, no wonder 例：It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week. It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow. 2）在宾语从句中的应用 在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。 order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there. 注意： 如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules. 判断改错: （错） You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. (对) Your pale face suggests that you are ill. (错) I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. (对) I insisted that you were wrong. 3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用 在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 6.wish的用法 1）用于wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为： 真实状况 wish后 从句动作先于主句动词动作 过去时 过去完成时 （be的过去式为 were） 从句动作与主句动作同时发生 现在时 过去时 （had + 过去分词） 将来不大可能实现的愿望 将来时 would/could + 动词原形 I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadn"t said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 2）Wish to do表达法。 Wish sb / sth to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.) 7.比较if only与only if only if表示"只有"；if only则表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用于陈述语气。 I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。 If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了，就好了。 If only he comes early. 但愿他早点回来。 8.It is (high) time that It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 It is time that the children went to bed. It is high time that the children should go to bed. 9 need "不必做"和"本不该做" didn"t need to do表示： 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。. needn"t have done表示： 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。 John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn"t need to walk back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。 John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn"t have walked back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。 (Mary步行回家，没有遇上John的车。)

语法书上还说这个should是可以省略的～

一、were式虚拟 英语中ue00b被叫做“were式虚拟”的这种虚拟语气ue00b通过扭曲时态形式来表示与实际情况相反的虚构假设ue00b具体的做法是将时态的形式“倒推一个时态”。这样的表述也许不太准确ue00b但是非常实用ue00b也极容易理解。 具体的做法ue00b就是将现在时态变成过去时态ue00b将过去时态变成“过去的过去”。 在这种虚拟语气的用法中ue00b动词be至少要倒退一个时态成为“过去时态”的wereue009在虚拟语气中一般不用wasue00bis、am、are倒推一个时态以后都写成wereue00a。因此ue00b这种表示与实际情况相反的虚构假设的虚拟语气就就以动词be的变化为例ue00b叫做了were式虚拟。 were式虚拟主要用在wish从句ue00bas if从句和非真实条件句。 例如 If I were you, I won"t let her go. I wish I were you. I am looking at her as if I were you.二、be式虚拟 英语中ue00b被叫做“be式虚拟”的这种虚拟语气ue00b一般用在名词性从句中ue00b这些名词性从句一般都与表示祈使意义的动词有关。最典型的是ue00bsuggest, order, propose等表示祈使意义的动词的宾语从句ue00b其谓语形式应该使用be式虚拟。 be式虚拟通过一种固定不变的谓语动词形式来表示说话者的一种“祈使愿望”ue00b具体的做法是将谓语动词的形式固定为(should) do,不论该语句应该使用什么时态ue00b其谓语动词的形式都是 (should) do形式。以典型的动词be举例ue00b不论它应该是什么时态形式ue00b只要它用来表达“祈使愿望”的虚拟ue00b它的形式就是ue009should) beue00b或者说是be了ue00b因此这种虚拟语气就被叫做be式虚拟。 例如 We strongly suggested that the meeting be put off till the next day. The officer ordered that the spy be killed right away.详细的可见如下链接：http://www.doc88.com/p-404269716205.html

其实百度百科都有 而且比较全面 呵呵~~ LZ,为啥不自己去看呢~~~

由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）. B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would,could,might+ 动词原形. C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时,宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could,would + have +动词过去分词. I wish that he weren"t so lazy. I wish I hadn"t wasted so much time. I wish she would change her mind. if only 的用法跟if条件句中条件从句的用法是一样的,你应该比较清楚吧,不清楚的话百度随便搜下就有很多解释.搜不到的话再补充问题我给你补充答案.

不可以，句义会发生改变。

1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： 从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)。 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do。 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况： 从句：If+主语+had+done。 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done。 3、表示与将来事实相反： 从句：if+主语+were to do。 if+主语+should+do。 if+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）。

If引导的条件状语从句中的虚拟语气：1、表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句：had done主句：would/could/might/should have doneIf I had read the book,I would have told you about it.如果我读了这本书，我就会告诉你了。2、表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句：would/could/might/should do主句：动词过去式If he studied at this school，he would know the environment around the school very much.如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会很了解周边环境。3、表示对将来情况的虚拟：从句：should do/were to do主句：would/could/might/should doIf he should go to Harvard University,he would make full use of his time.如果他要上哈佛大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。if的用法1、if作为连词，引导条件状语从句，表示“假如，如果”等。在复合句中如果主句用将来时，则if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。eg:If it rains(从句) ,I will stay at home（主句）。=I will stay at home if it rains.He will come if you invite him.如果你请他,他会来的。2、主句含有情态动词 （must、may、can etc.）从句为一般现在时。eg:If you drive too fast ,you may have an accident.=You may have an accident if you drive too fast.

If引导的条件状语从句中的虚拟语气：1、表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句：had done主句：would/could/might/should have doneIf I had read the book,I would have told you about it.如果我读了这本书，我就会告诉你了。2、表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句：would/could/might/should do主句：动词过去式If he studied at this school，he would know the environment around the school very much.如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会很了解周边环境。3、表示对将来情况的虚拟：从句：should do/were to do主句：would/could/might/should doIf he should go to Harvard University,he would make full use of his time.如果他要上哈佛大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。if的用法1、if作为连词，引导条件状语从句，表示“假如，如果”等。在复合句中如果主句用将来时，则if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。eg:If it rains(从句) ,I will stay at home（主句）。=I will stay at home if it rains.He will come if you invite him.如果你请他,他会来的。2、主句含有情态动词 （must、may、can etc.）从句为一般现在时。eg:If you drive too fast ,you may have an accident.=You may have an accident if you drive too fast.

1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)。主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do。2、表示与过去事实相反的情况：从句：If+主语+had+done。主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done。3、表示与将来事实相反：从句：①if+主语+were to do。②if+主语+should+do。③if+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）。主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do。扩展资料虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如：1、If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。2、I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。3、Hope you succeed!祝你成功！参考资料来源：百度百科-虚拟语气

虚拟语气if的三种用法：表示与现在事实相反的情况，表示与过去事实相反的情况，表示与将来事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。 虚拟语气if的三种用法 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： 从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)。 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do。 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况： 从句：If+主语+had+done。 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done。 3、表示与将来事实相反： 从句：①if+主语+were to do。 ②if+主语+should+do。 ③if+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）。 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do。

因为这只是一种愿望，基本上是不可能实现的

玩外文老百姓不懂。

would could是没有过去式的

wish后面所跟的宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示某种不能实现的愿望：具体用法：表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish+主语+动词过去式或were；表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish+主语+had+过去分词；表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish+主语+would+动词原形。 扩展资料 　　wish的用法 　　一、wish后面跟动词不定词，意为“想要（=want)”，但wish更正式。 　　I wish to see the manager,please.我想去见经理。 　　二、1.wish可以用来表达遗憾，指我们想要不同的事物。在这种情况下，用过去时态表示现在，语法结构为“I wish+主语+过去式”，如： 　　I wish I was better-looking. 　　我希望我能长得更好看。（实际上是不可能的） 　　I wish I spoke French. 　　我希望我能说法语。（实际上现在不会说法语。） 　　I wish I had a yacht. 　　我想我有辆快艇。 　　I wish it wasn"t raining. 　　我希望它没下雨。 　　上述用法其实是wish的.虚拟语气用法（对现在进行虚拟）。在正式用语中，我们一般用were代替was,放在I wish后面。 　　I wish I were better-looking.（正式语气） 　　2.也可以用“I wish...would/should/could+v"的形式(不用Iwish...will），是对将来的虚拟，表示将来不大可能实现的愿望。 　　I wish she would be quiet. 　　我希望她能安静。 　　I wish something interesting would happen. 　　我希望一些有趣的事情将发生。 　　3.wish表示对过去的虚拟时，谓语用过去完成时（had+过去式），结构为“I wish+主语+过去完成时”。 　　I wish I had gone to university.我真希望我上过大学。 　　I wish I hadn"t said that.我真希望我过去没说过。

wish后面所跟的宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示某种不能实现的愿望：具体用法：表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish+主语+动词过去式或were；表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish+主语+had+过去分词；表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish+主语+would+动词原形。 扩展资料 　　wish的用法： 　　一、wish后面跟动词不定词，意为“想要（=want)”，但wish更正式。 　　I wish to see the manager,please.我想去见经理。 　　二、1、wish可以用来表达遗憾，指我们想要不同的事物。在这种情况下，用过去时态表示现在，语法结构为“I wish+主语+过去式”，如： 　　I wish I was better-looking. 　　我希望我能长得更好看。（实际上是不可能的） 　　I wish I spoke French. 　　我希望我能说法语。（实际上现在不会说法语。） 　　I wish I had a yacht. 　　我想我有辆快艇。 　　I wish it wasn"t raining. 　　我希望它没下雨。 　　上述用法其实是wish的虚拟语气用法（对现在进行虚拟）。在正式用语中，我们一般用were代替was,放在I wish后面。 　　I wish I were better-looking.（正式语气） 　　2、也可以用“I wish...would/should/could+v"的形式(不用Iwish...will），是对将来的"虚拟，表示将来不大可能实现的愿望。 　　I wish she would be quiet. 　　我希望她能安静。 　　I wish something interesting would happen. 　　我希望一些有趣的事情将发生。 　　3、wish表示对过去的虚拟时，谓语用过去完成时（had+过去式），结构为“I wish+主语+过去完成时”。 　　I wish I had gone to university.我真希望我上过大学。 　　I wish I hadn"t said that.我真希望我过去没说过。

这要看你希望的是什么了当你希望的是很难实现的事时，用虚拟语气，如：IwishIcouldflytothemoononeday.而其他情况则没有必要，可选用一般现在时，以及将来，过去和完成的相应时态。Iwishagoodluckwithyouthroughlife!

是的啊。

1.a 2.b 3.c 4.c 5.a 6.a 7.c 8.c.9.a 10.b 11.d 12.d. 13.c (这句话翻译为 到了我们将要总和所有结果的时间了 如果A答案是 should sum即可 但sum是一般现在时表示经常发生的动作 语句已不符) 14.d 15c. 16.d. 17.b

warn是动词做谓语，与是否虚拟语气无关。warn的意思是“警告,告诫”；warn只用作及物动词,可接名词、代词。warn还可接以介词短语、动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。短语：warn against (v.+prep.)、warn of (v.+prep.)warn off1 (v.+adv.)。warn的意思是“警告,告诫”,强调及时发现正在来临的或可能发生的危险或冒险,给人以忠告,从而可能避免危险或难堪的处境。warn只用作及物动词,可接名词、代词、that从句作宾语,也可接由that从句充当直接宾语的双宾语。warn还可接以介词短语、动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。相关词组：warn faithfully 忠诚地告诫。warn graciously 有礼貌地告诫。warn grimly 讨厌地警告。warn solemnly 严肃地警告。warn subtly 巧妙地告诫。warn sufficiently 充分地告诫。warn urgently 紧急地警告。

一、could的用法could用于虚拟语气可表示can的各种意义，如可表示能力、可以、禁止、拒绝、可能、愿望等，但比can语气委婉。could用于疑问句中并不表示过去时，而是表示现在时，此时语气比较委婉，有时表示把握不大或犹豫；could用于特殊疑问句常含有惊讶、迷惑等感情色彩。二、should的用法用于主句中构成虚拟语气：“should+动词不定式的原形”表示虚拟结果时指现在，表示推测结果时指将来；“should+动词不定式的完成式”也表示虚拟结果或推测结果，但使用范围较窄，一般表示一件事情根据条件本可能实现，但由于没有根据条件或条件不存在，因而没有实现，即表示与过去事实相反。在并不强调由于某种条件而产生某种结果时往往不带条件状语或条件状语分句。三、might的用法might用作助动词可与实义动词搭配，以用来表示可能性很小、许可、愿望、祝愿、请求；还可用于表示希望或目的的从句中。might也是may的过去式，用于问句中代替may，以表示礼貌。用于肯定句，might可以用来表达一种像是认真、客气的抱怨或指责。四、would的用法would可构成一种委婉、温和、谨慎的语气：1、“would like〔desire, wish等表示意志的动词〕”表示愿望、意向、选择等意义,用于各种人称, like后接动词不定式一般式〔完成式〕作宾语,也可接名词或代词作宾语2、“It would seem〔appear〕”,“主语+would think〔imagine, say〕”等结构表示或然性，常用于第二、第三人称,这时would可看作助动词，也可看作情态动。

"Announce" 是一个动词，没有虚拟语气的概念。虚拟语气是一种语法形式，用于表达假设、虚构、愿望等情况。在英语中，常用虚拟语气的形式包括条件句中的 "if...would"、表达建议的 "should" 等。

1、在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。例如：　　1)If I were you,I wouldn"t have missed the film last night.如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天晚上的那部电影。(从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反。) 　　2)If he had followed the doctor"s advice,he would recover already.如果他遵照医生的劝告，现在病就好了。(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。) 　　2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did,had,should移到句首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。例如：　　1)Had we time to spare,we would be glad to go to the park.如果能抽出时间，我们很乐意逛公园。　　2)Were it not for the discovery of electricity,the modern world would experience great inconveniece.假如没有发现电，现代世界将很不方便。　　3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词(如without, but for等)引出的短语、分词(如supposing等)引出的短语、并列连词(如or,otherwise,but,though等)、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。例如：　　1)But for your advice,I would not be able to do this work.要不是你的劝告，我是不会做这份工作的。　　2)Victor obviously doesn"t know what"s happened,otherwise he wouldn"t have made such a stupid remark.显然维克多不知道发生了什么事情。不然的话，他就不会说这样愚蠢的话了。　　4、在一些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令等含义的动词后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词用动词原形或"should＋动词原形"表示虚拟语气。这类动词有ask,demand, insist,order,propose,move,desire,require等。例如：　　1)They demanded that the aggressor troops(should)be withdrawn immediately.他们要求立即撤出侵略军。　　2)I moved that he(should)be discharged for his serious mistake.我建议，由于他犯有严重错误，应解除他的职务。　　5、在"would(had)rather(would sooner,would as soon)＋宾语从句"句型中，要求后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气。但这种虚拟语气表示的不是与事实相反的假设，而是一种尚未实现的愿望，其从句谓语动词用一般过去时。例如：　　1)I would rather you came next Friday.我希望你下周五来。　　2)I"d just as soon you didn"t speak rudely to her.我真希望你别对她那么粗鲁地讲话。　　6、在和idea,necessity,plan, motion,order,proposal,recommendation,suggestion,under- standing等词有关的同位语或表语从句中，谓语动词用动词原形或"should＋动词原形"表示虚拟语气。例如：　　1)M y idea is that the group(should)hold another session to discuss the problem.我的意见是小组召开另一次会议来讨论这个问题。　　2)Emphasis is laid on the necessity that all the objectives to be attained be taken into account before starting a new project.我们强调在开始制定一个新的计划之前，必须把要达到的所有目标都考虑进去。　　7、在某些"It is＋形容词＋that..."句型中，如"It is important(necessary,essential, natural,desirable,unusual,pity,strange)that..."，that所引导的主语从句中谓语动词均用动词原形或"should＋动词原形"来表示虚拟语气。例如：　　1)It is highly desirable that a new president be appointed for this college.人们迫切地希望能给这个学院派一个新院长。　　2)It is strange that the girl(should)be so arrogant.真奇怪，这个女孩竟会如此傲慢。　　8、在"It is ordered(suggested,demanded,moved,planned等)＋that..."这个句型中，that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气形式，谓语动词用动词原形或"should＋动词原形"。例如：　　1)It is moved that Lucy give a performance at the party.有人提议露茜在晚会上表演一个节目。　　2)It was suggested that more teachers 　　(should)be sent there to help them.有人建议派更多的老师去那儿帮助他们。　　9、as if /though可以引出一个状语从句也可以引出一个表语从句。当as if／though跟在be，feel，look，seem，sound等系动词之后时，引导的是表语从句；如果主句的谓语动词不是联系动词be等，as if／though引导的则是方式状语从句。无论是哪种类型的从句，只要从句的内容是不真实的，都必须用虚拟语气。当从句表示与现在的事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反要用"had＋过去分词"；表示与将来可能相反的则用"would(could，might)＋动词原形"。例如：　　1)I feel as if I were going to faint.我感到我像要昏过去似的。(与现在事实相反的表语从句) 　　2)She cried as if her heart could be broken.她哭的好像心都要碎了。(与将来可能相反的主语从句) 　　10、在It is(about /high)time引导的定语从句中，也可以根据需要使用虚拟语气，用以表示"(此刻)该做……而没有做"的意思，其谓语动词用过去时或"should＋动词原形(用should时，不能将其省略)"。例如：　　1)It is time I should leave.我该走了。　　2)It is about time that you got(should get) dressed.你该穿衣服了。　　11、if only引导的是省略了表示结果的主句的虚拟结构，现在已成为惯用法，表达愿望。从句用过去时表示现在没有实现的愿望；对过去没有实现或不能实现的愿望，从句就用过去完成时。这类句型表示一种不真实的条件，常译成"要是……就好了！"例如：　　1)If only I had taken mother"s advice.我要是听取妈妈的建议就好了。　　2)If only I could speak several foreign languages.我要是能讲几种外语就好了。　　12、在以in order that,so that,lest引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词一般用虚拟语气。从句中的谓语动词用"may(might)＋动词原形"或"should＋动词原形"。在以lest引导的从句中，谓语动词用"should＋动词原形"。例如：　　1)She stayed at home for a few days so that she might take care of her sick mother.她在家里呆了好几天，以便能照顾生病的母亲。　　2)The teacher explained the sentences again and again in order that the students could understand them clearly.老师一再解释这些句子以便学生能够清楚地理解。

虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气 ⒈ 用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。 ① 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her. ② 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis. ③ 大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种，但并不排除存在条件和后果中，一个和现在情况相反，另一个和过去情况相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.这个句子在高中出现频率颇高。 ④ 但是，如果后果用了虚拟语气，而条件却用陈述语气，这种用法是错的。 ⒉ 除了表示虚假条件外，if从句还可以表示对将来的推测，由于是将来还没有发生的，所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的，只能说这个事情发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下，可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对一个未来事实的推测，这个事实是完全可能发生的。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形，例如：Jean doesn"t want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn"t be able to see her friends very often.（1996年1月四级第44题） ⒊ 有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构,这时候，如果出现not等否定词，否定词需放在主语后面。这种结构在口语中很少使用，但频频出现在各类考试中出现，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. ⒋ 大多数的虚拟条件通过上面所讲的两种方法表达，但在个别句子中也可以通过介词without和介词短语but for表达，副词otherwise等表达出来。例如：We didn"t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.（1995年6月四级第46题）值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，谓语动词必定要用虚拟形式，但包含without等短语的句子，谓语动词未必一定要用虚拟语气。 ⒌ 有时虚拟条件不是明确地表达出来，而在蕴含在用but引导的从句里，于是便出现了有谓语动词是虚拟语气的主句加上谓语动词是陈述语气的but从句构成的并列复合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在这样的句子里，如果主句没有用虚拟语气，或者从句用了虚拟语气，都是错的。 Ⅱ用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气 ⒈ 在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中，需用虚拟语气。（wish后的that 常省略），根据主句时态，从句谓语时态相应退后一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him. ⒉ 在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用(should) +动词原形。值得注意的是，如果宾语从句的动词是否定的，否定词not的位置应在动词之前，而不是动词之后。例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外，如suggest表达“暗示”，insist表示“坚持某种说法”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，例如：Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy. 除此之外，上述动词也要求用虚拟式 ① 在It is+上述动词的过去分词，其后所跟的主语从句中，如It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms. ② 在上述动词相应的名词形式作主语+连系动词，其后的表语从句中，例如His suggestion was that classed be re-scheduled. ③ 在对上述动词相应的名词进行解释的同位语从句中，如：The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation. ⒊ would （had）rather , would sooner也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反，例如：I would rather he went right now. Ⅲ其他形式的虚拟语气 ⒈ it is +necessary等形容词后，that主语从句中虚拟形式使用，这类形容词包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等，例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.或者It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly. ⒉ 在It"s (high/about) time 之后的定语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式，例如It is high time that you went to school ⒊ 虚拟语气在as if / as though 引导的方式状语从句中的应用（谓语动词形式与wish后的宾语从句基本相同）表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。例如：He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 表示过去想象中的动作或情况，谓语动词用过去完成式。 ⒋ 在lest 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用虚拟语气，(should )+ 动词原形。例如： The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.（1998年1月四级第38题） ⒌ 在if only 引起的感叹句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式或过去完成式。例如： Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I had followed your advice.

Should like shallwould like willcould like canmight like may虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气 ⒈ 用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。 ① 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her. ② 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis. ③ 大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种，但并不排除存在条件和后果中，一个和现在情况相反，另一个和过去情况相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.这个句子在高中出现频率颇高。 ④ 但是，如果后果用了虚拟语气，而条件却用陈述语气，这种用法是错的。 ⒉ 除了表示虚假条件外，if从句还可以表示对将来的推测，由于是将来还没有发生的，所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的，只能说这个事情发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下，可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对一个未来事实的推测，这个事实是完全可能发生的。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形，例如：Jean doesn"t want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn"t be able to see her friends very often.（1996年1月四级第44题） ⒊ 有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构,这时候，如果出现not等否定词，否定词需放在主语后面。这种结构在口语中很少使用，但频频出现在各类考试中出现，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. ⒋ 大多数的虚拟条件通过上面所讲的两种方法表达，但在个别句子中也可以通过介词without和介词短语but for表达，副词otherwise等表达出来。例如：We didn"t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.（1995年6月四级第46题）值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，谓语动词必定要用虚拟形式，但包含without等短语的句子，谓语动词未必一定要用虚拟语气。 ⒌ 有时虚拟条件不是明确地表达出来，而在蕴含在用but引导的从句里，于是便出现了有谓语动词是虚拟语气的主句加上谓语动词是陈述语气的but从句构成的并列复合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在这样的句子里，如果主句没有用虚拟语气，或者从句用了虚拟语气，都是错的。 Ⅱ用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气 ⒈ 在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中，需用虚拟语气。（wish后的that 常省略），根据主句时态，从句谓语时态相应退后一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him. ⒉ 在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用(should) +动词原形。值得注意的是，如果宾语从句的动词是否定的，否定词not的位置应在动词之前，而不是动词之后。例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外，如suggest表达“暗示”，insist表示“坚持某种说法”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，例如：Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy. 除此之外，上述动词也要求用虚拟式 ① 在It is+上述动词的过去分词，其后所跟的主语从句中，如It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms. ② 在上述动词相应的名词形式作主语+连系动词，其后的表语从句中，例如His suggestion was that classed be re-scheduled. ③ 在对上述动词相应的名词进行解释的同位语从句中，如：The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation. ⒊ would （had）rather , would sooner也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反，例如：I would rather he went right now. Ⅲ其他形式的虚拟语气 ⒈ it is +necessary等形容词后，that主语从句中虚拟形式使用，这类形容词包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等，例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.或者It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly. ⒉ 在It"s (high/about) time 之后的定语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式，例如It is high time that you went to school ⒊ 虚拟语气在as if / as though 引导的方式状语从句中的应用（谓语动词形式与wish后的宾语从句基本相同）表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。例如：He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 表示过去想象中的动作或情况，谓语动词用过去完成式。 ⒋ 在lest 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词多用虚拟语气，(should )+ 动词原形。例如： The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.（1998年1月四级第38题） ⒌ 在if only 引起的感叹句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式或过去完成式。例如： Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I had followed your advice.