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二者皆可以。考试时候注意以下两种格式。英文文章开头有两种可以选择：1、每段开头空两格，段落之间不空行。2、每段开头顶格写，段落之间空行。两种都可以，但是空格与不空格不能混用，第一种用的比较多，第二种有点浪费格子。新课标中，大部分时候文章的开头一般空格，开头字母必须大写！对于旧教材，对开头空不空格没有具体要求，所以二者皆可。扩展资料：在移行时，我们还应特别注意以下几点:单音节词不能移行，即使是字母较多的单音节词，如through等也不能例外。2．缩略词如Mr.、Dr.等不能和后面的名字拆开移行。 缩略的bai用名词如U.K.、U.S.A(United States of America)等也不能拆开移行。3．时间、量度及货币单位应视为一个整体；不能分开移行。如: 11：00 P.M. 应写在一行内，不能将11：00和PM.分开移行；写38℃时，不能将38和℃分开移行。4．含双写辅音字母的单词，在移行时要将辅音字母拆开。如better可拆成bet-ter，necessary可拆成 neces-sary。

维也纳惊鸿一瞥夏天的早晨是维也纳最可贵的时光。空气里弥漫着烤面包与浓咖啡的香味儿。每一户人家的窗台上都摆满了五颜六色的鲜花，和灰色的街道形成鲜明的对照。窄窄的人行道上慢慢的人多了起来：小店店主们从口袋里掏出钥匙打开他们的小小的店铺，生意人脚步匆匆去上班，孩子们玩着游戏。虽然这些都是我从前经常看到的场景，但是直到现在当我看到他们时仍然满怀惊喜。我像是被维也纳施了魔法一般，再一次，为她倾倒了。和大多数欧洲国家的首都一样，奥地利的维也纳是一座将现代科技与古典怀旧完美结合的城市。但是除却这些相似之处外，维也纳有自己的特点。虽然维也纳是一座联合国城市，但她却也固守着从前皇城根儿的习气，仿佛还生活在过去的时代里。也许了解维也纳最好的方法就是在这里多呆一段时间。早晨在咖啡馆里来一杯咖啡，找一份报纸翻翻。在小街上溜达溜达，逛一逛小商店，反正这所城市到处都是小店。维也纳人喜欢放慢步伐，他们珍爱这生活中细小琐碎而有趣的东西。如果你在维也纳，不妨也学一学他们。如果你学会了，那么你便中了维也纳的魔法了。

Culture - About China这个网里有关于中国传统文化的：）~ http://spaces.msn.com/aboutchina/ 这里面有中文一些出名的文化英文介绍，对你应该有些帮助：）~~ http://www.chinapages.com/culture/chinaviewold.htm

节 The Spring Festival 农历 lunar calendar 正月 lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar 除夕 New Year"s Eve; eve of lunar New Year 初一 the beginning of New Year 元宵节 The Lantern Festival Customs: 过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival 对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry 春联 Spring Festival couplets 剪纸 paper-cuts 年画 New Year paintings 买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping 敬酒 propose a toast 灯笼 lantern: a portable light 烟花 fireworks 爆竹 firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.) 红包 red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.) 舞狮 lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.) 舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests) 戏曲 traditional opera 杂耍 variety show; vaudeville 灯谜 riddles written on lanterns 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 守岁 staying-up 拜年 pay New Year"s call; give New Year"s greetings; New Year"s visit

就是生产零组件批准程序。可以提供大公司标准PPAP给你。这是TS16949体系中五大质量工具之一

去死这都可以写论文了

金发女孩和三只熊金发女孩走进森林里，摘了些花儿。不一会儿，她走失了。她看了看周围，然后发现了一座小房子。她急忙走向房子想去询问一下她身在何处。她敲了敲门，没有人应门，于是她推了推门，门是开着的。金发女孩向里看了看又听了听，发现里面一个人也没有，于是她进到了屋子里。金发女孩看向一个小房间，她看到在桌子上的装着精美食物的碗。一个碗很小，一个碗很大，还有一个碗非常大。金发女孩非常饿，于是她拿起那个最大的碗，但是她不喜欢这个碗，因为它是烫的。她又拿起那个大碗，但是她也不喜欢那个碗，因为它是凉的。那个小碗正好，于是她把那里边的东西都吃完了。起初，金发女孩想要坐下歇歇，因为她觉得累了。那两把大椅子都不舒服，因为她坐起来不适合。于是他试了试最小的椅子。发现那个正好。但是金发女孩袋中了，把那个椅子压坏了。她不开心又很疲惫，于是她走进了卧室。那里有三张床。她不喜欢两张大床，但是那张最小的床却很舒服。于是她就躺在床上不一会儿就睡着了。三只熊回来了，他们看到了碗和椅子被动过了。小熊宝宝哭了：“我碗里什么都没了，我的椅子也碎成片儿了！”他非常不开心。接着熊爸熊妈看向了卧室。他们起初没有注意到金发女孩，但是马上熊宝宝就指着躺在他床上的小女孩哭道：“看啊，这有一个淘气的女孩子！”（这句我自己翻译完都抖了两抖，汗啊！）最后，金发女孩睁开了眼，看到熊一家人围着她，于是金发女孩跳下床连她的篮子都忘了拿就跑出了那栋房子。之后她再也没去过那片森林。

我推荐大耳朵英语，这是个英语学习网站，注册一个账号，里面就有一些文章（国外新闻，文学书籍）是有边看边听的，还有一些好听的英文歌曲和广播等等。另外，我还推荐《疯狂英语》，书店有售，里面也有一些好看的文章，还附赠CD（听力版的才有，阅读版的可以网上下载）。

1、打开 “我的电脑”或“此电脑”，如下图所示：2、找到金山打字通所安装的文件目录3、在里面直接点击搜索，如下图所示：4、找”Data“文件，找到之后，点击打开，如下图所示：5、我们会看到“E_General”文件，点一下进去之后随便你改哪一关6、然后写你喜欢的，不能是中文， 中文在游戏里打不了。7、然后就可以玩游戏了，如下图所示：扩展资料：练习方法初学打字，掌握适当的练习方法，对于提高自己的打字速度，成为一名打字高手是必要的：一定把手指按照分工放在正确的键位上；有意识慢慢地记忆键盘各个字符的位置，体会不同键位上的字键被敲击时手指的感觉，逐步养成不看键盘的输入习惯；进行打字练习时必须集中注意力，做到手、脑、眼协调一致，尽量避免边看原稿边看键盘，这样容易分散记忆力；初级阶段的练习即使速度慢，也一定要保证输入的准确性。总之：正确的指法+ 键盘记忆+ 集中精力 + 准确输入 =打字高手26个英文字母也是拼音文字。这26个字母排列整齐，有规律。所以，要将一篇英文资料输入计算机是比较容易的。但要想输入一篇汉字文章就完全不同了，汉字的字形结构复杂，同音字多，汉字输入法随之出现了。Windows操作系统都带有集中输入法，在系统装入时就已经安装了一些默认的汉字输入法，例如：微软拼音输入法、智能ABC输入法、全拼输入法等。当然，用户可以自己选择添加或者删除输入法，通过Windows的控制面板可以实现该功能。热键窍门输入法的切换：shift+ctrl键，通过它可在已安装的输入法之间进行切换。打开/关闭输入法：shift键，通过它可以实现英文输入和中文输入法的切换。全角/半角切换：shift+space（即空格键）键，通过它可以进行全角和半角的切换。参考资料：百度百科——金山打字通

I went to park by bike at 11:00.I took the bike to the trees at 11:10.And then I saw the sights of the sea.There"re many people swimming in the sea.I wanted to join them.But the man stole her bike without allowing at 1:15 .AT 11:20,I found her bike was lost。I was very angry and looked for the bike everywhere.But I couldn"t find it at last.So I had to call 110.

hip屁股的意思，现表示时髦有个性够酷有型

分类: 教育/科学 >> 外语学习 问题描述: 最好是带翻译的 解析: 1. Origin of the violin Stringed instruments first were recorded in Europe in the medieval ages. By “stringed” we refer to instruments played with a bow. This instrument was the "fiddle" of the minne-singers. But it didn"t have much in mon with a violin. It was in the 15th century when, slowly, the family of gambs and violins developed. In the times of the renaissance, which had a large impact on all the arts, not least in the construction of instruments. The violin as it is known nowadays was built in the early 16th century. In this climate the viola and the cello also emerged. Everything that is explained about the violin and its structures can be referred to the whole family of stringed instruments. This group of instruments has been developed in order to satisfy new ideas of sounds that emerged in these times in Italy. Gradually, it took the place of the gambs and violas that preceded them. It was with the Cremonese makers working in this environment that the violin and its family reached its zenith, and although technical innovations have been applied through time, the ground plan and its basic form are still used today. In Italy, which escaped the war of thirty years, violin making reached an enormous upswing. Andrea Amati lived in Cremona beeen 1535 and 1611; he became the founder of the world"s most famous school of violin-making. It is not a certain institute, which is meant but a special local characterisation of all different centres of violinmaking; the art of painting has known a similar effect. So, there are for instance the school of Brescia, of Cremona, of Milan, but also the school of Naples and many more. Afterwards, violin making expounded over the whole continent of Europe. But it was Cremona that was home to the most famous of all violin makers: The families Amati and Guarneri, Antonio Stradivari, the families Ruggeri and Bergonzi. For more than 150 years, violins made by Stradivari and Guarneri have been the most desired concert instruments. 2. Why old master instruments sound so good The decline of violin making began in the second half of the 18th century. Caused by a permanent growth of the demand for instruments the violinmakers were forced to produce more and to produce faster. They used varnishes that dried more quickly but which could not reach the quality of the elder ones. Still, every violinmaker and every enthusiast for violins regrets the disappearance of the old Italian, the so called classical, varnishes. So, there are some violin makers who try heavily to reconstruct old varnishes; they invest plenty of time for their experiments. Many negative influences for violin making result from the pollution of our environment. It is known that in earlier times, rafts transported all the chopped trees. The river Po 250 years ago - a pure river - cannot be pared with the polluted waterway it is nowadays. The same fact is valid also for nearly all stretches of water. Because of the fact that wood is a material with high absorbency, all substances dissolved in the water perate the wood. During the process of drying out, all these substances remain in the wood. In addition during the whole process of later working by the violin maker, this negative influence cannot be corrected. But the environment is an important aspect not only as far as wood is concerned. All substances, which are used to produce varnishes are natural produce. The so-called pore filler consists of propolis which is produced by bees. The colouring of varnishes consist of natural colours, the solvents are natural ethereal oils. All natural substances that are used in violin making nowadays are not parable with the substances of earlier times; unfortunately, they have lost their purity. The ideal materials that were used in classical violin making and the very positive effect of the aging process resulted in the pleteness of all classical instruments made by Italian masters. 3. Restoration of masterpieces Is the sound of these instruments nowadays the same as it was in Stradivari"s times? Certainly not. The majority of musicians would decline instruments with an original sound of those times. It is absolutely clear that they wouldn"t be played in concert by a soloist (except in baroque music). The instruments would not have such a variety of sounds and they wouldn"t have the ability to reach the most distant rows of a concert hall with sufficient clarity. The fact that they can be played in concert today is owed to the violin makers. Much know-how and manual skills and plenty of experience are necessary in order to restore the tone of an old instrument again and again. Further, there are repairs which are necessitated due to accidents and damage; the violin is a very tender instrument with a high tendency to get cracks if it has been dropped. Moreover, damage can be caused by air that is just too dry, which happens most often with new instruments; unfortunately these cracks caused by dryness are more mon because of central heating and air conditioning 4. Making new instruments In the course of the centuries, the workshop has not changed a great deal. There are still the same tools that were used by the old masters: the carpenter"s bench, saws, *** all and large planes as well as chisels made of wood just like those used for sculpturing. Moreover, blades and stencils, also brushes for varnishing and above all large knives for woodcarving are still in use. Still, at Sprenger Geigenbau, there are tools in use that were originally used by founder Fritz Sprenger. For the violinmaker, wood is the most important material; it is only natural that the correct choice of wood is vital in order to achieve the best quality of sound. Wood that is too heavy because of its specific weight cannot be used – although it looks perhaps marvellous. It is also because of this aspect that mass-production of violins has to fail: these days even with modern, puter-controlled machines; the works is too mechanical, without any consideration for materials used. Mass-production will never fulfil the fundamental aspect, because each piece of wood needs to be treated differently, even when the wood is chopped out of the same trunk, the single pieces are very different of each other. At the lower end of the trunk, the wood is generally harder than at the top, also, parts which grew in the sunshine obviously differ from parts that grew in the shadow. Two sorts of wood are the most mon in violin making: spruce for the belly and maple for the back and the scroll. The fingerboard consists of ebony, which is a very hard wood. The pegs and tailpiece are mostly made of ebony, jacaranda or boxwood. The finest wood of maple es from Bosnia, the most adapted spruce es from central European countries; it grows to a height of about 1000m. The wood of the ebony es from Africa – it is wood of the date palm. The most mon kind of construction is the one with the so-called inner form. The ribs are adjusted to this form. The ribs, which are about 1.2 mm thick, are bent over the bending iron. Then, they are fixed with some glue at the top- and bottom-block and at the corner-blocks. The back and belly of the violin are sawed out with its exact outline. This whole process happens according to the precise pattern of the stencils. The stencils can be taken from an instrument, so for instance from a violin made by Stradivari or Guarneri; perhaps, they are changed a little bit with a *** all, personal peculiarity. The belly and the back, which have been cut out are arched afterwards. Therefore, nothing except the ribs is bent or pressed, everything is worked out of a solid piece of wood. When the outer arching has been finished the insides of the back and belly are gouged out. The thickness of belly and back is not the same for the whole violin; its wood is beeen 2.5 and 4.5 mm thick. The violinmaker has to adjust his work to the character of the wood. This is an essential advantage over violins that are made by machines. After carving and preparation, the back is fixed to the rim of the rib. The f-holes are cut out of the belly and then the bass-bar is adjusted and fixed. In order to find the form of the f-holes, the violinmaker focuses on classical examples – perhaps also on his personal particularities. Next, the inner form has to be detached from the ribs; afterwards, the belly is fixed on the rim of the rib. Finally, the back and belly are put in and the edges are rounded. With that, the body of the instrument is finished. The scroll is cut out of maple wood, which should - if possible - match the back and ribs. When the scroll and the so called peg-box has been worked out, the fingerboard gets adjusted to the neck. Then, the plete neck is fitted to the body, which obviously is a working process that has to be carried out with high precision; it has a large impact not only on the instrument"s technical playing possibilities but also on its sound. Now, the white instrument is finished. It is now only its varnished dress that is missing. 5. The varnish The three most important functions of the varnish are the following: 1. It should protect the instrument from the negative influences of weather and dirt 2. It should raise the instrument"s possibilities of sound 3. It should emphasise the wood"s natural beauty Most violinmakers strive for the development of an ideal recipe for varnishes. Indeed, the varnish has a large impact on the sound. A soft varnish and an insufficient undercoating have a tendency to deaden heavily the sound of a violin. If the varnish is too hard or brittle, in contrary, the sound bees shrill and perating. To sum up, one can say that an instrument, which is badly or incorrectly built cannot bee a masterpiece just because of an excellent varnish. However, a good instrument can be ruined because of a miserable varnish.

People on the Move 1.The history of the American people is,in part,the history of the movement of the American people.They moved from the colonies of the East Coast to the open space of the West.They moved from the country and the farm to the city.More recently,Americans have been moving from the cities to the suburbs. 2.Pioneer Americans began moving from the East Coast to the West 250 years ago.They moved west for many reasons.One reason was that they could obtain unlimited open space and land for farming.Americans liked large open spaces,and they liked the freedom and independence to develop the land in their own way.Some of the land became farms.Important minerals were discovered in some areas,so some of the land became mines.Other large areas became cattle ranches.There seemed to be enough land for everybody.But it was a difficult life -- a life of endless work and hardship. 3.After 1860,the Industrial Revolution changed the United States.Americans learned how to manufacture steel.They began to produce petroleum.The automobile was invented.Factories of all kinds began to appear,and cities began to grow up around the factories.Farmers and other country people moved to the growing cities in order to find jobs and an easier life.In the early 1900s,the cities were busy,exciting places.However,there was also a lot of poverty and hardship. 4.The cities grew up -- the buildings got taller -- and the cities grew out -- they spread out from the center.Private houses with yards and porches disappeared.Apartment buildings,each one taller than the next,took their place.More and more people moved to cities,and the cities got bigger and bigger. 5.Some cities could not spread out because there was no room to do so.These cities,of which New York is the best example,became more and more crowded.More people meant more cars,trucks,and buses,more noise,more pollution,and more crime.Many cities became ugly and dirty.Some people and some businesses began to leave the cities and move to the suburbs outside the cities. 6.The move to the suburbs is still happening.Americans are looking for a *** all piece of land that they can call their own.They want a house with a yard.However,they do not want to give up the good jobs they have in the city.In many cases,panies in the suburbs give them jobs.In other cases,Americans need to mute to and from the cities where their jobs are.In recent years,more and more businesses are moving to the suburbs.They are attracting many people and the suburbs are being crowded. 7.Americans have watched their big cities fall slowly into disrepair and die.Many middle-class people leave the cities,and the very rich and the very poor stay behind. 8.Concerned Americans are trying to solve the problems of noise,dirt,crime,and pollution in the big cities.They are trying to rebuild bad sections of the cities.They are trying to attract and keep business people.They are trying to make their cities beautiful.Many Americans are ready to move back to the cities. 9.Other Americans are finding that even the suburbs have bee too crowded.They are looking for unpolluted open spaces and for an independent way of life.They are ready to move from the suburbs to the country. 10.Perhaps Americans will always be on the move.

　　多看一些励志的文章可以激发我们的正能量，下面是我整理的英语励志性文章(带翻译)，希望对你有帮助。 　　英语励志性文章(带翻译) 篇1 　　Enjoy that uniquenesss1. You do not have to pretend in order to seem more like someone else. You do not have to lie to hide the parts of you that are not like what you see in anyone else. 　　You were meant to be different. Nowhere, in all of history, will the same things be going on in anyone"s mind, soul and spirit as are going on in yours right now. 　　If you did not exist, there would be a hole in creation, a gap2 in history, and something missing from the plan for humankind. Treasure your uniqueness. It is a gift given only to you. Enjoy it and share it! 　　No one can reach out to others in the same way that you can. No one can speak your words. No one can convey your meanings. No one can comfort others with your kind of comfort. No one can bring your kind of understanding to another person. No one can be cheerful and light-hearted3 and joyous4 in your way. No one can smile your smile. No one else can bring the whole unique impact of you to another human being. 　　Share your uniqueness. Let it flow out freely among your family and friends, and the people you meet in the rush and clutter of living, wherever you are. That gift of yourself was given to you to enjoy and share. Give yourself away! 　　See it! Receive it! 　　Let it inform you, move you and inspire you! 　　You are unique! 　　翻译：你是独一无二的 　　请欣赏你自己的独特吧！你不用伪装自己以使你看起来和别人一样,也无需掩藏你在别人看来所具有的独特性。 　　你生来与众不同。现在你所拥有的思想,灵魂,精神是任何时刻、任何地点的其他人都不曾拥有的。 　　如果你不存在了,那么上帝的作品中就有了一个缺憾,历史也不再完整,人类发展也有了缺失。 　　珍惜你所拥有的独特性。这是上天给你的礼物,请欣赏并学会分享它。 　　没有人能像你一样乐于帮助别人。没有人能像你一样表达自己。也没人能够表达你想传达的意思。没有人能用你所特有的方式来安慰别人。也没有人能够像你一样善解人意。没有人能像你一样感受快乐、无忧无虑,也没有人能像你一样微笑。总而言之,没有人能够把你的特性展示给其他人。 　　分享你的独特性吧！尽情地将你的独一无二展示给其他人,英语短文不管是你的亲人和朋友还是你在纷繁复杂的生活中所遇到的路人。请欣赏并分享上帝给你的这份独特的礼物吧。释放你自己！ 　　感知它并且接受它！ 　　听从你的`独特性,让它影响你、感动你并且激励你前进！ 　　你是独一无二的！ 　　英语励志性文章(带翻译) 篇2 　　When someone looks into your eyes they should see something alive within you. Having a dream is like owning a lighthouse1 which directs you on your journey. 　　At every turn we come across its mystery. At each new level we become more of the person we were meant to become. In lonely times, when we pass through a storm of disappointment, we find our faith is unshaken, our strength still strong. 　　Believe in your faith. Set the vision before your eyes. Write down your most sincere dreams and when the opportunity comes, step into your dream. It may take one season or more, but the result is the same. Make big dreams and then go out and make them realities. The highest hopes of the dreamer are revealed with every step taken in their journey to the impossible. For a season we must protect the dream so that it can grow quietly on the inside. But if we tenderly care for our deepest expectations, slowly but surely the dream will become new life. 　　Dreaming is an act of faith. The light of your expectations will cast off the shadows of a disbelieving world. God has given us the dreamer as a gift to light an unbelieving world. 　　Find your treasure within and cherish2 it. Tomorrow is waiting for you to take the first step. 　　翻译：梦想的力量 　　别人看你的眼睛时,他应当体会到你内心的活力。怀揣梦想就像是拥有一座引领你前行的灯塔。 　　每个转折关头,它给我们带来奇迹。每个新的起点,我们脱胎换骨,焕然一新。孤独中我们挺过失望的阴霾,发现我们的信念不曾动摇,我们的力量依然强大。 　　秉持信念,期盼未来。许下你最真诚的梦想,一旦机会来临,就为之拼搏。也许要花一季甚或更多的时间,但结局不会改变。立大志,倾全力,成现实。前途未卜,唯有一步一个脚印,梦想者的至高希冀才会实现。我们必须珍存梦想,给它一季的保护,让它在内心悄然生发。然而我们还得温柔呵护我们内心至深的期许,慢慢地梦想必将成就新的生命。 　　梦想是实现信仰的第一步。你的期待熠熠光辉,它会驱逐不信的阴影。上帝赋予我们梦想的天资,去点亮不曾确信的世界。让梦想的财富寄于心中,珍爱它,明天正等着你跨出第一步。 　　英语励志性文章(带翻译) 篇3 　　People often wonder why historians go to so much trouble to preserve millions of books, documents and records. 　　Why do we have libraries? What good are these documents and history books? Why do we record and save the actions of men, the negotiations1 of government officials and the events during wars? 　　We do it because, sometimes, the voice of experience can cause us to stop, look and listen. Sometimes, past records, when understood in the right way, can help us decide what to do and what not to do. If we are ever to create lasting peace, we must seek its origins in human experience and in the records of human history. 　　From the stories of courage and devotion of men and women, we create the inspirations of youth. History records the suffering, the self-denial2, the devotion, and the heroic deeds of people in the past. These records can help us when we are confused and when we really need peace. 　　The main purpose of history is to create a better world. History gives a warning to those who promote war, and inspiration to those who seek peace. 　　In short, history helps us learn. Yesterday"s records can keep us from repeating yesterday"s mistakes. And from the pieces of mosaic4 assembled5 by historians come the great murals6 which represent the progress of mankind. 　　翻译：一个更好的明天 　　人们常常心存疑虑,为什么历史学家要费尽周折地保存数以万计的书籍、文献和记录。 　　我们为什么要有图书馆呢？这些文献和史书有何用处呢? 我们为什么要记载并保存人类的行为、政府官员的谈判和战争中的事件呢？ 　　我们这么做的原因在于有时候经验之音能促使我们停步、观察和倾听。也因为有时候过去的记载经过正确地诠释,能帮助我们决定何事可为、何事不可为。如果我们想要创造永久的和平,我们就必须从人类的经验以及人类历史的记载中去探索其渊源。 　　从体现男性和女性勇敢和奉献精神的故事之中,我们获得了青春的启示。英语短文历史记载着人类的一切苦难、克己、忠诚和英勇的事迹。这些记载在我们困惑和渴望和平时能对我们有所帮助。 　　历史的主要目的是创造一个更加美好的世界。历史对那些力主战争的人给以警告,给予那些寻求和平的人以启示。 　　简而言之,历史帮助我们学习。昨日的记载可以使我们避免重蹈覆辙。这些历史学家们创作的像马赛克一样色彩缤纷的历史片断汇聚成了代表人类进步的伟大壁画。 　　英语励志性文章(带翻译) 篇4 　　Keeping a Dream is an attitude toward life. With dreams, we can overcome different kinds of difficulties in life. 　　I usually get discouraged easily when I fail in an exam. My head teacher told me "nothing is difficult if you don"t lose heart.". I followed his advice and began to work harder. It was his encouragement that pulled me through. As long as I keep trying, obstacles can become bridges to success. 　　Besides, it"s important for us to protect our dream. Dreams always lead to happiness, and success. Only when we are in pursuit of a dream can we live in a constructive way, can we satisfy our parents and shoulder the future responsibility. 　　保持梦想是对生活的一种态度。有了梦想，我们才能克服生活中的各种困难。 　　当我考试不及格的时候，我通常很容易泄气。我的班主任告诉我:“如果你不灰心，没有什么是困难的。”我听从了他的建议，开始更加努力地工作。是他的鼓励使我渡过了难关。只要我不断努力，障碍就会变成通向成功的桥梁。 　　此外，保护我们的梦想对我们来说很重要。梦想总能带来幸福和成功。只有当我们在追求梦想的时候，我们才能以一种建设性的方式生活，我们才能满足我们的父母，承担未来的责任。 　　英语励志性文章(带翻译) 篇5 　　The ellipsis left by god, let life pursue the miracle of the next moment without hesitation. God makes a joke, and we all think of it as divine will, we forget ourselves, and faith is still there. 　　What victory can be compared with this victory? Which one of the wars in bonaparna, when the sunshine of the day of Austin, was the glory of this superhuman effort? The triumph that this heart has never gained? An unhappy man, poor, disabled, lonely, a man of pain, the world does not give him joy, but he creates joy for the world! He cast his misery into joy -- the joy of all the proverbs of the soul. 　　The pursuit of life is for better survival, the end of survival is for no regrets. 　　There is a moment when life is closed, so long as we still love life before we stop breathing, we still yearn for the future, we still look forward to it, and the peak of life is no longer distant. 　　The pursuit of true meaning is not what is held in the hand, but whether the heart is sunk by faith. 　　上帝留下的省略号，让生命义无反顾地追逐下一刻的奇迹。上帝开的一个玩笑，而我们都把它当成神圣的旨意，我们忘却了自己，而信仰仍在。 　　什么胜利可和这场胜利相比?波那帕脱的哪一场战争，奥斯丹列兹哪一天的阳光，曾经达到这种超人的努力的光荣?曾经获得这种心灵从未获得的凯旋?一个不幸的人，贫穷、残疾、孤独、由痛苦构造的人，世界不给他欢乐，他却创造了欢乐给予世界!他用他的苦难铸成欢乐——成为一切心灵箴言用痛苦换来的欢乐。 　　生命的追求是为了更好的生存，生存的终结是为了无悔。 　　生命终有阖上眼睛的一刻，只要在呼吸停止之前依旧热爱生命，依旧向往未来，依旧心怀期待，生命追求的巅峰便不再遥远。 　　真正意义上的追求并不是手中握住了什么，而在于心是否因信仰而变得沉甸。

如果有字不认识就查下字典 Never,Never Say Die We often hear people say,“Never give up.” These can be encouraging words and words of determination.A person who believes in them will keep trying to reach his goal no matter how many times he fails.In my opinion,the quality of determination to succeed is an important one to have.Therefore,I believe that we should never give up. One reason is that if we give up too easily,we will rarely achieve anything.It is not unusual for us to fail in our first attempt at something new,so we should not feel discouraged and should try again.Besides,if we always give up when we fail,we will not be able to develop new skills and grow as people.Another reason we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make a new effort.If we do not try again,the lesson we have learned is wasted.Finally,we should never give up because as we work to reach our goals,we develop confidence,and this confidence can help us succeed in other areas of our lives.If we never challenge ourselves,we will begin to doubt our abilities. In short,it is important that we do not give up when working for our goals.Whether we succeed in the end or not,we will learn something,and what we learn will help us to bee better,more confident people.Furthermore,if we give up,we have non chance of attaining our goals,but if we keep trying,there is always a chance that we will succeed one day

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这篇文章是我汇总多方资料写的，因此，就算您照单全收，也不会被指责是抄袭的。The Tujia CostumesThe Tujia ethnic minority has a long history, dating back 2,000 years, has a population of approximately 8 million people, and the Tujia nationality mainly distributed in compact communities in the Tujia Miao Autonomous Prefecture in western part of Hunan Province and Enshi Tujia Autonomous Prefecture in Hubei Province. They are a brave minority on the beautiful and fertilized ground in Hubei Province and Hunan Province, live with Han nationality and Miao nationality together. Their name of Tujia means the native people; they also professed themselves as the name of Bizika. The costumes of Tujia ethnic minority are greatly affected by that of the Han people. Only in some remote areas, they keep some traditional costumes. The Tujia costumes are made of cloth they weave with their own hands, using bright colorful embroidery on the hems and scarves. The General History of the Ming Dynasty calls it "striped cloth." In the Song Dynasty they called it "brook cloth" and "brook-cave facing." Tujia brocade is made by waist weaver. It takes yarn as warp and silk as weft. The weaving method is "interweaving the intermittent warp and incessant weft." Their favorite colors are black and blue. Tujia women are very skillful at knitting. Traditional cloth, known as Xilankapu has a history about 2000 years, XiLanKaPu was used in imperial palace in Qin and Han Dynasties. It is famous for its exquisite skill, live type, intensive country and traditional features. In TuJia language," XiLan" means "bedcover" and "KaPu" means "flower". So, XiLanKaPu is bedcover brocaded with flowers. With colorful type, symmetrical thread and durable, it is precious art merged practice and appreciation. The traditional hand-woven cloth with intricate designs is the main material used for clothings.Women wear loose and short-sleeved jackets with embroidered borders and buttons on the front-left, and long skirts, while some wearing long black or blue trousers. They often coil their hair up and wear a cap or wrap it within a cloth, wearing various ornaments such as necklaces, earrings, and wrist and ankle bracelets. Black cloth head wraps are common for both men and women.Influenced by the neighboring Dai and Han people, men in Achang ethnic minority tend to wear blue, white or black jackets which button down the front, and black trousers. The unmarried like to wear white coif, yet the married people like to wear deep blue coif. Young adults prefer to wear 40 to 50 cm long headcloth behind their heads pinned with one or two flowers. A man going out with an Achang knife is handsome and powerful. Married women generally wear skirts and jackets with tight sleeves and pailform skirts that reach the knees. They decorate the elbow of jackets with inlaid strip of white cloth and wrap their heads with black or blue cloth. Bachelorettes wear trousers and coil their pigtails with 3-cm-wide cloth on top of their heads. Achang women like to insert flowers on their headcloth, and generally wear three to four silver chaplets and a long silver chain around their necks, and wind a silver chain around their waists, with silver adornments on their heads, around their wrists and on their ears. Tujia costumes take on the following four cultural connotations: 1) it is an important mark reflecting Tujia socail development; 2) it is an important aspect reflecting Tujia cultural communication; 3) it is an important expression reflecting Tujia aesthetic taste; 4) it is an impotant carrier reflecting Tujia religious belief. The study of these cultural connotations of Tujia costumes is of some academic value for deepening the study basis of Tujia costumes and of realistic significance for innovating Tujia costumes.

一、 学习用品 (school things) pen钢笔 pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler尺子 book书 bag包 comic book漫画书 post card明信片 newspaper报纸 schoolbag书包 eraser橡皮 crayon蜡笔 sharpener卷笔刀 story-book故事书 notebook笔记本 Chinese book语文书 English book英语书 math book数学书 magazine杂志 dictionary词典 二、 人体 （body） foot脚 head头 face脸 hair头发 nose鼻子 mouth嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手 finger手指 leg腿 tail尾巴 三、 颜色 （colours） red红 blue蓝 yellow黄 green绿 white白 black黑 pink粉红 purple紫 orange橙 brown棕 四、 动物 （animals） cat猫 dog狗 pig猪 duck鸭 rabbit兔 horse马 elephant大象 ant蚂蚁 fish鱼 bird鸟 eagle鹰 beaver海狸 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 squirrel松鼠 kangaroo袋鼠 monkey猴 panda熊猫 bear熊 lion狮子 tiger老虎 fox狐狸 zebra斑马 deer鹿 giraffe长颈鹿 goose鹅 hen母鸡 turkey火鸡 lamb小羊 sheep绵羊 goat山羊 cow奶牛 donkey驴 squid鱿鱼 lobster龙虾 shark鲨鱼 seal海豹 sperm whale抹香鲸 killer whale虎鲸 五、 人物 （people） friend朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩 mother母亲 father父亲 sister姐妹 brother兄弟 uncle叔叔；舅舅 man男人 woman女人 Mr.先生 Miss小姐 lady女士；小姐 mom妈妈 dad爸爸 parents父母 grandparents祖父母 grandma/grandmother（外）祖母 grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父 aunt姑姑 cousin堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹 son儿子 daughter女儿 baby婴儿 kid小孩 classmate同学 queen女王 visitor参观者 neighbour邻居 principal校长 university student大学生 pen pal笔友 tourist旅行者 people人物 robot机器人 六、 职业 （jobs） teacher教师 student学生 doctor医生 nurse护士 driver司机 farmer农民 singer歌唱家 writer作家 actor男演员 actress女演员 artist画家 TV reporter电视台记者 engineer工程师 accountant会计 policeman(男)警察 salesperson销售员 cleaner清洁工 baseball player棒球运动员 assistant售货员 police警察 七、 食品、饮料 （food & drink） rice米饭 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶 water水 egg蛋 fish鱼 tofu豆腐 cake蛋糕 hot dog热狗 hamburger汉堡包 French fries炸薯条 cookie曲奇 biscuit饼干 jam果酱 noodles面条 meat肉 chicken鸡肉 pork猪肉 mutton羊肉 vegetable蔬菜 salad沙拉 soup汤 ice冰 ice-cream冰淇淋 Coke可乐 juice果汁 tea茶 coffee咖啡 breakfast早餐 lunch午餐 dinner/supper晚餐 meal一餐 八、 水果、蔬菜 (fruit & vegetables) apple苹果 banana香蕉 pear梨 orange橙 watermelon西瓜 grape葡萄 eggplant茄子 green beans青豆 tomato西红柿 potato土豆 peach桃 strawberry草莓 cucumber黄瓜 onion洋葱 carrot胡萝卜 cabbage卷心菜 九、 衣服 （clothes） jacket夹克衫 shirt衬衫 T-shirt丅恤衫 skirt短裙子 dress连衣裙 jeans牛仔裤 pants长裤 socks袜子 shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣 coat上衣 raincoat雨衣 shorts短裤 sneakers网球鞋 slippers拖鞋 sandals凉鞋 boots靴子 hat(有沿的)帽子 cap便帽 sunglasses太阳镜 tie领带 scarf围巾 gloves手套 trousers裤子 cloth布 十、 交通工具 (vehicles) bike自行车 bus公共汽车 train火车 boat小船 ship轮船 yacht快艇 car小汽车 taxi出租车 jeep吉普车 van小货车；面包车 plane/airplane飞机 subway/underground地铁 motor cycle摩托车 十一、杂物 （other things） window窗户 door门 desk课桌 chair椅子 bed床 computer计算机 board写字板 fan风扇 light灯 teacher"s desk讲台 picture图画；照片 wall墙壁 floor地板 curtain窗帘 trash bin垃圾箱 closet壁橱 mirror镜子 end table床头柜 football/soccer足球 present礼物 walkman随身听 lamp台灯 phone电话 sofa沙发 shelf书架 fridge冰箱 table桌子 TV电视 air-conditioner空调 key钥匙 lock锁 photo照片 chart图表 plate盘子 knife刀 fork叉 spoon勺子 chopsticks筷子 pot锅 gift礼物 toy玩具 doll洋娃娃 ball球 balloon气球 kite风筝 jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏 box盒子 umbrella伞 zipper拉链 violin小提琴 yo-yo溜溜球 nest鸟窝 hole洞 tube管子 toothbrush牙刷 menu菜单 e-card电子卡片 e-mail电子邮件 traffic light交通灯 money钱 medicine药 十二、地点 （locations） home家 room房间 bedroom卧室 bathroom卫生间 living room起居室 kitchen厨房 classroom教室 school学校 park公园 library图书馆 post office邮局 police office警察局 hospital医院 cinema电影院 bookstore书店 farm农场 zoo动物园 garden花园 study书房 playground操场 canteen食堂 teacher"s office教师办公室 library图书馆 gym体育馆 washroom卫生间 art room绘画教室 computer room计算机教室 music room音乐教室 TV room电视机房 flat公寓 company公司 factory工厂 fruit stand水果摊 pet shop宠物商店 nature park自然公园 theme park主题公园 science museum科学博物馆 the Great Wall长城 supermarket超市 bank银行 country国家 village乡村 city城市 hometown家乡 bus stop公交车站 十三、课程 （classes） sports体育运动 science科学 Moral Education思想品德课 Social Studies社会课 Chinese语文 math数学 PE体育课 English英语课 十四、国家、城市 （countries & cities） China/PRC中国 America/USA美国 UK联合王国 England英国 Canada/CAN加拿大 Australia澳大利亚 New York纽约 London伦敦 Sydney悉尼 Moscow莫斯科 Cairo开罗 十五、气象 （weather） cold寒冷的 warm温暖的 cool凉爽的 snowy下雪的 sunny晴朗的 hot炎热的 rainy下雨的 windy有风的 cloudy多云的 weather report天气预报 十六、景物 （nature） river河流 lake湖泊 stream河；溪 forest森林 path小道 road公路 house房子 bridge桥 building建筑物 rain雨 cloud云 sun太阳 mountain山 sky天空 rainbow彩虹 wind风 air空气 moon月亮 十七、植物 （plants） flower花 grass草 tree树 seed种子 sprout苗 plant植物 rose玫瑰 leaf叶子 十八、星期 （week） Monday星期一 Tuesday星期二 Wednesday星期三 Thursday星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六 Sunday星期天 weekend周末 十九、月份 （months） Jan. (January)一月 Feb.（February）二月 Mar.(March)三月 April四月 May五月 June六月 July七月 Aug.(August)八月 Sept.(September)九月 Oct.(October)十月 Nov.(November)十一月 Dec.(December)十二月 二十、季节 （seasons） spring春 summer夏 fall/autumn秋 winter冬 二十一、方位 （directions） south南 north北 east东 west西 left 左边 right右边 二十二、患病 （illness） have a fever发烧 hurt疼痛 have a cold感冒 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼 have a sore throat喉咙疼 二十三、数词 （numbers） one一 two二 three三 four四 five五 six六 seven七 eight八 nine九 ten十 eleven十一 twelve十二 thirteen十三 fourteen十四 fifteen十五 sixteen十六 seventeen十七 eighteen十八 nineteen十九 twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六十 seventy七十 eighty八十 ninety九十 forty-two四十二 hundred百 one/a hundred and thirty-six一百三十六 first第一 second第二 third第三 fourth第四 fifth第五 eighth第八 ninth第九 twelfth第十二 twentieth第二十 thirtieth第三十 fortieth第四十 fiftieth第五十 sixtieth第六十 seventieth第七十 eightieth第八十 ninetieth第九十 fifty-sixth第五十六 二十四、形容词 (adj.) big大的 small小的 long长的 tall高的 short短的；矮的 young年轻的 old旧的；老的 strong健壮的 thin瘦的 active积极活跃的 quiet安静的 nice好看的 kind和蔼亲切的 strict严格的 smart聪明的 funny滑稽可笑的 tasty好吃的 sweet甜的 salty咸的 sour酸的 fresh新鲜的 favourite最喜爱的 clean干净的 tired疲劳的 excited兴奋的 angry生气的 happy高兴的 bored无聊的 sad忧愁的 taller更高的 shorter更矮的 stronger更强壮的 older年龄更大的 younger更年轻的 bigger更大的 heavier更重的 longer更长的 thinner更瘦的 smaller更小的 good好的 fine好的 great很好的 heavy 重的 new新的 fat胖的 happy快乐的 right对的 hungry饥饿的 cute逗人喜爱的 little小的 lovely可爱的 beautiful漂亮的 colourful色彩鲜艳的 pretty漂亮的 cheap便宜的 expensive昂贵的 juicy多汁的 tender嫩的 healthy健康的 ill有病的 helpful有帮助的 high高的 easy简单的 proud骄傲的 sick有病的 better更好的 higher更高的 二十五、介词 （prep.） in在……里 on在……上；在……时候 under在……下面 near在……的旁边 behind在……后边 next to与……相邻 over在……上面 in front of在……前面 二十六、代词 （pron.） I我 we我们 you你；你们 he他 she她 it它 they他（她，它）们 my我的 our 我们的 your你的；你们的 his他的 her她的 二十七、动词 （v.） play（.ed）玩；踢 swim(swam)游泳 skate滑冰 fly(flew)飞 jump跳 walk走 run(run)跑 climb爬 fight(fought)打架 swing(swung)荡 eat(ate)吃 sleep(slept)睡觉 like像，喜欢 have(had)有；吃 turn转弯 buy(bought)买 take(took)买；带 live居住 teach（taught）教 go(went)去 study(studied)学习 learn学习 sing(sang)唱歌 dance跳舞 row划 do(did)做 do homework做作业 do housework做家务 watch TV看电视 read(read) books读书 cook the meals做饭 water the flowers浇花 sweep(swept) the floor扫地 clean the bedroom打扫卧室 make(made) the bed铺床 set(set) the table摆饭桌 wash the clothes洗衣服 do the dishes洗碗碟 use a computer使用计算机 do morning exercises晨练；做广播操 eat breakfast吃早饭 eat dinner吃晚饭 go to school上学 have English class上英语课 play sports进行体育运动 get（got）up起床 climb mountains爬山 go shopping买东西 play the piano弹钢琴 visit grandparents看望（外）祖父母 go hiking去远足 fly kites放风筝 make a snowman堆雪人 plant trees种树 draw(drew) pictures画画 cook dinner做饭 read a book看书 answer the phone接电话 listen to music听音乐 clean the room打扫房间 write(wrote) a letter写信 write an e-mail写电子邮件 drink(drank) water喝水 take pictures照相 watch insects观察昆虫 pick up leaves采摘树叶 do an experiment做实验 catch butterflies捉蝴蝶 count insects数昆虫 collect insects收集昆虫 collect leaves收集树叶 write a report写报告 play chess下棋 have a picnic举行野餐 get to到达 ride(rode) a bike骑自行车 play the violin拉小提琴 make kites制作风筝 collect stamps集邮 meet(met)见面 welcome欢迎 thank谢谢 love爱 work工作 drink(drank)喝 taste尝 smell闻 feed(fed)喂养 shear剪 milk挤奶 look看 guess猜 help帮助 pass传递 show展示 use使用 clean打扫 open打开 close关上 put放 paint绘画 tell(told)告诉 kick踢 bounce反弹 ride(rode)骑 stop(stopped)停 wait等 find(found)寻找到 drive(drove)驾驶 fold折 send(sent)寄 wash洗 shine照耀 become变成 feel(felt)感觉到 think(thought)思考 meet(met)遇见 fall(fell)落下 leave(left)离开 wake(woke) up醒来 put on穿上 take off脱掉 hang up挂起 wear(wore)穿 go home回家 go to bed上床睡觉 play computer games玩电脑游戏 play chess下棋 empty the trash倒垃圾 put away the clothes收拾衣服 get off下车 take a trip去旅行 read a magazine阅读杂志 go to the cinema去看电影 go straight向前直走

从三维目标下手吧：1知识与能力2.态度与方法3.情感目标与价值观

当然,这里的问题,除了哲学,是代表一个reified领域有一个主显节,未来是清晰的假设(事实上需要),有一种奇异的过去、现在和将来的研究活动,这些文献就是整理和研究方法等,使主显节。这样的评论也邀请其他勾结以充份利用奇异景色第一人称叙事提出集体,比方说,“我们亲眼目睹了快速发展的最新动态,本领域”。 相反,epiphanic方法的研究有关的运动和旅游的关系,提出了主显节都在讨论的邀请勾结。事实上,过去、现在和未来的研究提出争议的地形,先前的评论员已经从不同的来源不同的路线到达不同的现状,并从他们所看到的不同路径进入未来所提出的旅行前监察员是如此的不同是一种功能,在不同的时间点:缺乏一致性研究有关的体育旅游;缺乏协议有关的基本概念和假定之间的关系的性质、旅游、运动的观点(或被)评论家;的宗旨和目标回顾;与自然过程的回顾和/或合成的研究本身。为了避免这种纸变得简单的另一个又一个旅程,它可以通过研究稍有不同的任务,即“meta-review”。meta-review,很简单,回顾了阿森纳,医治,2008年(2005年);Ruddy&House;Serenko& Bontis,2004年)。在这种情况下,它将涉及考试的旅程之前已经通过了这一领域的研究基础上,提出了一种审问显性激励和隐性所作出的决定进行了回顾评论者。这样就可以探索以何种方式,例如,有意识或无意识决定什么研究方面所涉及的评论已经影响了旅程的评论员已经在研究水准。大多数做一些评论了潜在的未来研究的地形。大多数做一些评论了潜在的未来研究,本文也将探讨研究期货等问题提出了建议。在以这种方法,目的是当前一个史学与同时代的分析体育旅游”的研究进展作一综述。

2. The phenomenon of conflicts caused by cultural reasons InquiryThe conflict of East and West in a variety of reasons, the study of its fundamental, it is because the two sides have different Chinese and Western culture, different historical backgrounds, will inevitably bring about people"s thinking, behavior, and many other differences and even conflicts, we have to Below What are the specific look at the main reason.2.1 mode of thinking there are differencesCulture to the outside things affect people"s views and understanding of different countries, different cultures, in the thinking pattern of inevitable differences, in this point between East and West was particularly obvious. Western culture-oriented mode of thinking and logical analysis, and the oriental culture mode of thinking show intuitive integrity, which is also China"s traditional culture features of thinking. Because of this the impact of traditional culture, Chinese people are often special attention to intuition, pay attention to the process of understanding the experience and feeling, often in association with such experience and feeling, "to have Ren." And the mode of thinking compared to Westerners, Chinese people"s way of thinking is obvious that the general and ambiguous, the course of time, will form a fixed pattern of thinking, can be interpreted as recognition of the outside things and simplify the classification process of perception. In essence, fixed pattern of thinking is often neglected the individual differences of things, exaggerated and the other a social group-related cognitive approach, often with emotional and with a fixed creed. In all of the set, some set is correct, while others are wrong and will have a direct impact on cross-cultural communication, resulting in communication failures.2.2 of the code of conduct is not the sameA code of conduct for the specific meaning that is commonly accepted by the community"s moral standards and codes of conduct, simple, it is to tell people what to do and not do the norm. People from different cultural backgrounds in communication, often of a phenomenon that is the host community to apply their own code of conduct to determine the reasonableness of the other acts, as the code of conduct for both sides there are differences, often misleading, offensive or even worse results. For example, the Chinese people pat his head that a child friendly, and in Western countries, this is a great lack of respect for the children, parents are very angry. So in a cross-cultural communication is able to correctly identify and apply a code of conduct is to ensure the smooth progress of cross-cultural communication of important factors. To ensure the smooth cross-cultural communication, we must understand each other"s code of conduct, in particular, what conduct is prohibited, the best way is to follow the principle of do as the Romans do.2.3 different valuesPeople"s interpersonal skills in the process of social product of an inevitable and values together. Every culture has its own unique system of values, this system can help people distinguish between Meiyu Chou, good and evil, this is the people"s Life philosophy, ethical standards and code of conduct. But it can not be divorced from specific cultural existence, every culture is different from the standard of judgement, such a culture that is good, another culture may think that bad, but they are in their own cultural system has its existence Is reasonable, should not be interpreted as a standard advanced and the other values behind. To Chinese and Western cultures as an example, in Chinese culture, people respected that modest ceremony, the pursuit of Suiyueran, and do not like Zhengjianghaosheng, while the social atmosphere is often blocked too prominent individuals, are so-called "line above all, the people will not." In Chinese culture, the collective orientation of the dominant position, the pursuit of personal development was seen as a serious individualism, will be condemned. And advocating Western culture is very individualistic, "Suiyueran" be seen as a lack of entrepreneurial spirit of the performance, are lazy, incompetent synonymous, for society and individuals are not admitted. Who based their thinking is rooted in the hearts of the people advocating independent thinking and independent judgement, relying on its own ability to achieve personal interests, and that personal interests supreme. 打得手都疼了楼主

Holland is a country partly reclaimed from the waters of the North Sea, and around half of it lies at or below sea level. Land reclamation has been dominant motif of its history, resulting in a country of unique images – flat fertile landscapes punctuated by windmills and church spires, ornately gabled terraces flanking peaceful canals and mile upon mile grassy dunes, backing onto stretches of pristine sandy beach. The capital, Amsterdam is not merely the city of garnish sin. While the scent of marijuana smoke does drift out of coffee shops and prostitutes do pose provocatively behind windows bathed in red light, there is much to enjoy beyond the city"s fabulous excess. Amsterdam has long been the center of wide-ranging openness – the same culture of acceptance that tolerates cannabis use and a commercial sex trade has also turned the city into a migrant capital along with Rotterdam and Maastricht. The second-largest city in The Netherlands and the busiest seaport city in the word, Rotterdam (pop 590,000) lacks the quaint, classic feel that characterizes much of The Netherlands. After it was bombed in 1940, experimental architects replaced the rubble with striking buildings, creating an urban, industrial conglomerate. Artsy and innovative, yet almost decrepit in its hypermodernity, the Rotterdam that arose from the ashes – filled with museums, parks, and creative architecture – is now one of the centers of cultural activity in Europe. Haarlem"s narrow cobblestone streets, rippling canals, and fields of tulips make for a great escape from the urban frenzy of Amsterdam. Most visitors come to Haarlem for its Renaissance facades, medieval architecture and incredible museums, but the city possesses more than just this antiquated charm. Haarlem also bustles with a relaxed energy that benefits its urban size. Coffee shops, bars, and the most restaurants per land area of any Dutch city ensure that there is fun to be had even after the sun goes down. Capital： Amsterdam (Amsterdam) has a population of 73. 5 million (2003); Government site: the Hague (The Hague), population 45.8 million (2003).Important festivals： ● 1 January: new year Nieuwjaarsdag ● 3 April: Easter Pasen Easter holiday for two days ● 30 April: the Queen, Queen, that is, the Queen Koninginnedag"s birthday, which is the national day. The Queen, is now deceased Julianne Queen"s birthday, is also the seat of the late Queen and their eldest daughter assumed his Beatrix (Beatrix) anniversary. If the 30 April is just a Sunday, then the Queen Festival celebrations will lead to Saturday, April 29. ● 4 may: commemorated the anniversary commemoration of the victims of World War II Dodenherdenking. (1945-may 4, the occupation of the Netherlands of fascist German zavagnin root signing of the surrender, the Dutch "anniversary") ● may 5: Liberation Day Bevrijdingsdag celebrate the World War II from Germany occupied in liberation. ● 40 days after Easter: Jesus ascended into heaven, Hemelvaartsdag l 7 weeks after Easter: Holy Spirit descend, Pinksteren vacation for two days ● 5 December: Saint Nicholas Sinterklaas Eve Sinterklaas brings presents to children. ● On 25 December, December 26: Christmas vacation for two days Kerstmis

果然很急，连文章都没有！

variety

这个贾斯汀毕伯-麦当娜不和增强 绿湾,威斯康辛州表现的,贾斯汀,毕伯盒雪球礼堂里绿湾。 音乐会结束后,他被问到的传闻之间的争执,51岁。他曾经叱咤风云歌手麦当娜。 贾斯汀简单地摇了摇头,说他无法相信这个丑老太婆(他的话)如此心烦意乱。 当问及他所说的关于她已经激怒了他只是耸耸肩。他接着说,尽其所能弄明白它一定是当他告诉记者,他对国家问讯,从未听说过怀songstress。 他继续说道,他提到了他的祖母模模糊糊记得女歌手曾经录制了歌曲“物质世界,”或“材料”或者可能卷发,“物质女孩。” 当麦当娜听见她说的话,贾斯汀,她没有提出任何股票进那个小胎儿说。 她说她有隔膜,年纪比较小shitball。 她指出,他可能是小pecker大小的Gosselin英寸的weenie琼。 当消息回到贾斯汀关于玛丹娜曾说,他只是摇摇头,说他真的不想陷入了热烈的讨论和一位老妇人可能年龄够大了,可以自己的祖母。 在其它方面。南非的计划被推迟入侵芬兰由于持续的世界杯之旅

小气~多给赏分才能招来高手帮你翻译啊!!

Spring In February Match and April. It"s cool and warm. It is Spring. Many flowers open and glass is grow. People usually have picnics in spring. It"s really interesting and funny. We wear shirts and jeans. Sometimes it is a little hot. In April,it has a funny festival. It is April Fool"s Day. In that day,we can"t tell some lies and we can" believe anybody. Because all of people like tell lies.Summer In June July and August. It"s very hot and dry. People always go swimming and eat ice-cream. Some people go to beach. But I think nobody wants to enjoy the sunshine. Always,they go swimming. And you know the ice-cream in summer is really popular with people. It makes us feeling cool. And it"s very delicious. And in summer, the day is very long and the night is really short. The sun comes up at 4 o"clock and it goes down at 7 o"clock. We usually wear T-shirt and shorts in summer. And there is a summer vacation and some summer camps. And there is typhoon in summer. It"s very dangerous. We must be careful.AutumnIn autumn,so many leaves conclud. And they become yellow. Because winter is coming. And you know,many poet write poems with autumn. And in autumn,the weather is cool and windy. Sometimes it"s hot too. So,we wear shirts or T-shirts. Most of fruits in autumn are delicious and sweet. We always eat them.Winter. In winter,it is really cold. It always snowing. So,in winter,we usually play with snow and make snowman. What a interesting game is! And we have to wear scarves and gloves. In December 25th. It is Christmas. It"s a very important festival in Europe. People eat turkey and some spciel food. And you must put a stocking on the bed. In next morming,you will get a gift in the stocking. It comes from Santa Cluas. That will makes you having fun!

What is Cloning? 什么是克隆技术？Cloning(克隆技术) is the most attractive story of the new biotechnologies(生物技术) and the one which causes the most heated discussion over its worth. Here are answers to the most common questions about cloning.1. What is cloning?Cloning is the creation of cells or whole animals using DNA(脱氧核糖核酸) from a single "parent", bypassing(绕道而行) the normal reproductive process. The clone has the same DNA to the parent.2. Is cloning unnatural?No. Clones are always produced by natural means in the shape of identical twins(同卵孪生).3. How are clones created?The most common process takes DNA from one cell and puts in a hollowed-out(挖空的；掏空的) egg. Chemicals and electricity are then used to encourage the new DNA to fuse with(与…合并) the egg and develop into an embryo(胎儿). This technique is called nuclear transfer(核迁移).4.Why was Dolly(世界上的第一只克隆羊) important?The sheep was the first mammal(哺乳动物) to be cloned using DNA taken from an adult cell. Previously(以前), animals had only been cloned using embryo cells which already have the potential(潜力) to become a complete embryo in its own right(继承父母的). The big breakthrough with Dolly was to make a clone from an ordinary, adult cell - in this case from a female goat"s udder(乳房).5. Are clones normal, healthy animals?Dolly is, but scientist do not yet know whether this is the exception(例外) or the rule. Some early evidence suggest that clones may have health problems and that they may age prematurely(早衰的，未老先衰).6.Could a human clone be born soon?In theory, yes. The techniques used to create Dolly could be applied to(运用；适用) humans. But the technology of reproductive cloning is still in its very early stages and there is much that scientists do not understand. It took more than 200 attempts(努力；试验) to make Dolly. The other embryos failed to implant(播种) in the surrogate(代理；代替) mother or were miscarried. Even if a clone makes it to birth, at present it has a very low chance of surviving into adult life.7.Has anyone said they will make live human clones?A number of people have, including Chicago physicist Dr Richard Seed. However, few experts believe that these people have the skills to succeed.8. Are there any benefits from cloning?Yes. The techniques used have already demonstrated(展示) benefits. Polly, another sheep clone at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh has had a human gene(基因) inserted so that it produces a blood clotting((血的)凝结) agent needed by haemophiliacs(血友症) in its milk. Cloning of human cells in a laboratory could offer perfectly-matched tissue(（动物的）组织) for surgical or genetic repair of humans.9.Where does the law stand on live human clones?In the UK, human cloning is already banned(禁止) by law. President Bill Clinton has proposed banning research into producing human clones in the US for five years. Some measures have also been made to establish international agreements banning live human clones.

如何利用雅思阅读文章提升雅思写作能力我们经常说阅写不分家，在这句话背后隐藏的一个原理其实是No input, no output, 没有输入，就没有输出。很多考生都能很清楚地意识到自己在雅思写作上的问题，无非就是想不到论据、素材枯竭、语言平淡、论证不充分等等，但就是找不到改变这些状态的方法。其实，考生们不必去苦苦搜寻市面上各类雅思写作的参考书籍，因为这不仅仅是一笔经济上的开销，关键质量还参差不齐，未必能学到有价值的信息。那么，这个input到底去哪里找呢？笔者认为，在考生们天天用于练习的剑桥系列真题中，每个Test中的阅读文章就是一个非常好的学习资源。这些阅读文章是native speaker创作的，里面无论是内容，还是观点，还是语言，都非常有学习价值，对考生的雅思写作其实是有很大的指导和启发作用的。接下来，我们选取五篇雅思阅读文章，来具体分析一下这些阅读文章对考生们的雅思写作到底有哪些帮助。文章选取的分别是：剑4T2P1 Lost for Words剑5T3P1 Early Childhood Education剑6T2P1 Advantages of public transport剑6T2P2 Greying population stays in the pink剑5T1P3 The truth about the environment一、素材：笔者在教学中发现，很大一部分考生非常头疼的一个问题在于无法做到侃侃而谈，整篇文章都是表面化的一些论调，没有实质性的论据。其实这是没有输入input的最明显表现。雅思考试的话题覆盖面还是非常广的，但考生由于年龄、生活圈子、学习广度和深度等多方面的影响，无法对很多话题有很深入的见解，造成文章内容看起来很干，表面上看上去还是在谈论该话题的，实则根本没有有用的论证和信息传递。关于这一点，很多考生都很无奈。考生固定思维认为对于这些话题的陌生是特别正常的，因为之前根本没有去思考这些问题，表现出来的状态是要么被动学习、要么直接放弃。所以，素材积累的多少是写作能否顺利进行的第一步。那么，除了依赖写作老师，考生们现在还可以依赖的就是你的剑桥系列阅读文章。当然，考生需要对雅思写作考查的话题范围非常清楚，这样才能筛选出哪些阅读文章对自己的写作是有帮助的，换句话说，哪些阅读文章里的内容我是可以借鉴、并用在自己的文章里的。下面，我们一起来看一下从以上几篇雅思阅读文章中摘录下来的、可以在文章中作为论据来使用的一些内容。当然，在此要提醒考生的是，我们不需要去背，只要了解并熟悉即可，把自己的知识面打开，知识库拓宽，考试过程中仍然是可以传递这些信息的。剑4T2P1 --Lost for Words这篇文章谈论的话题是Many minority languages are on the danger list, 分析了此现象的原因，并提到了一些改变这一问题可以采用的方法。关于此现象的原因Reasons, 大家可以学习以下几条：1. In the Native American Navajo nation, which sprawls across four states in the American south-west, the native language is dying. Most of its speakers are middle-aged or elderly. Although many students take classes in Navajo, the schools are run in English. Street signs, supermarket goods and even their own newspaper are all in English.2. Half of the world"s 6800 languages are likely to vanish within two generations – that"s one language lost every ten days.3. Isolation breeds linguistic diversity: as a result, the world is peppered with languages spoken by only a few people.4. What makes a language endangered is not just the number of speakers, but how old they are. If it is spoken by children it is relatively safe. The critically endangered languages are those that are only spoken by the elderly.5. Why do people reject the language of their parents? It begins with a crisis of confidence, when a small community finds itself alongside a larger, wealthier society, people lose faith in their culture. When the nest generation reaches their teens, they might not want to be included into the old traditions.6. Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language by banning its use in public or discouraging its use in schools, all to promote national unity.7. But Salikoko Mufwene, who chairs the Linguistics department at the University of Chicago, argues that the deadliest weapon is not government policy but economic globalization. Native Americans have not lost pride in their language, but they have had to adapt to socio-economic pressures. They cannot refuse to speak English if most commercial activity is in English.8. Language is also intimately bound up with culture, so it may be difficult to preserve one without the other. If a person shifts from Navajo to English, they lose something. Moreover, the loss of diversity may also deprive us of different ways of looking at the world.关于此现象的解决方案Possible Solutions, 大家可以参考以下几条：1. The key to fostering diversity is for people to learn their ancestral tongue, as well as the dominant language.2. Most of these languages will not survive without a large degree of bilingualism. In New Zealand, classes for children have slowed the erosion of Maori and rekindled interest in the language.3. Preservation can bring a language back from the dead. There are examples of languages that have survived in written form and then been revived by later generations.剑5T3P1 -- Early Childhood Education这篇文章谈论的是儿童的早期教育问题，也是当下非常热点的一个话题。具体来看，该文章强调了儿童早期教育的重要性、经历过的失败、原因、以及最新的发现。关于儿童早期教育的重要性，以下几点事实都能强有力地证明：1. A 13-year study of early childhood development at Harvard University has shown that, by the age of three, most children have the potential to understand about 1000 words – most of the language they will use in ordinary conversation for the rest of their lives.2. Furthermore, research has shown that while every child is born with a natural curiosity, it can be suppressed dramatically during the second and third years of life.3. Researchers claim that the human personality is formed during the first two years of life, and during the first three years children learn the basic skills they will use in all their later learning both at home and at school.4. By the age of three, the children in the programme were significantly more advanced in language development than their peers, had made greater strides in problem solving and other intellectual skills, and were further along in social development.5. The average child on the programme was performing at the level of the top 15 to 20 per cent of their peers in such things as auditory comprehension, verbal ability and language ability.6. Many children who entered it at the age of three were already behind their peers in language and measurable intelligence.关于家长在儿童早期教育中的作用，可以参见以下的说明：1. Despite substantial funding, results have been disappointing. It is thought that there are two explanations for this. First,… . Second, the parents were not involved.2. As a result of the growing research evidence of the importance of the first three years of a child"s life and the disappointing results from ‘Headstart", a pilot program was launched in Missouri in the US that focused on parents as the child"s first teachers.3. The program was predicted on research showing that working with the family, rather than bypassing the parents, is the most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life.剑6T2P1 -- Advantages of public transport这篇文章谈到的是公共交通的好处，那么非常明显，我们可以从中获取到的信息就是雅思写作中关于解决交通拥挤、建立完善的公共交通体系的原因。1. A new study conducted for the World Bank by Murdoch University"s Institute for Science and Technology Policy has demonstrated that public transport is more efficient than cars.2. Professor Peter Newman, ISTP Director, pointed out that these more efficient cities were able to put the difference into attracting industry and jobs or creating a better place to live.3. Train and cars initially allowed people to live at greater distances without taking longer to reach their destination. However, public infrastructure did not keep pace with urban sprawl, causing massive congestion problems which now make commuting times far higher.4. In cities that developed later, the World Bank and Asian Development Bank discouraged the building of public transport and people have been forced to rely on cars – creating the massive traffic jams that characterize those cities.5. The auto-dependent city model is inefficient and grossly inadequate in economic as well as environmental terms.6. In Stockholm, car use has actually fallen in recent years as the city has become larger and wealthier.7. The population and job density of cities rose or remained constant in the 1980s after decades of decline. The explanation for this seems to be that it is valuable to place people working in related fields together. The new world will largely depend on human creativity, and creativity flourishes where people come together face-to-face.剑6T2P2 -- Greying population stays in the pink老年人话题也是雅思写作常考的话题，我们在雅思写作中通常写到的理念是老年人是弱势群体，需要各方的关注和帮助，然而这篇文章给了我们完全不同的一种看法，Greying population stays in the pink, 我们的老年人目前好着呢！以下是可以证明老年人相当健康或者说越来越健康的一些事实依据：1. The results of a 14-year study to be announced later this month reveal that the diseases associated with old age afflicting fewer and fewer people and when they do strike, it is much later in life.2. Researchers, now analyzing the results of data gathered in 1994, say arthritis, high blood pressure and circulation problems – the major medical complaints in the age group – are troubling a smaller proportion every year.3. The data confirms that the rate at which these diseases are declining continues to accelerate. Other diseases of old age – dementia, stroke, arteriosclerosis and emphysema – are also troubling fewer and fewer people.即便老年人的状态和多年前相比好了很多，我们仍然需要关注到的是这一现象背后的原因。以下两点就是我们考生可以写在作文中的老年人越来越健康的原因在哪里：1. Clearly, certain diseases are beating a retreat in the face of medical advances.

很久没用,帮不了你啊

五笔提示是怎么提示的。

金山打字通测试的时候 你可以换一篇文章

推荐使用 云起书记员中文速录练习软件，有看打练习和听打练习功能，里面有各种素材近千题，看打材料包括：起诉书、公诉书、判决书、法律、政治类题型，可以根据需求选择练习的文章，听打材料包括从30--200的语速都有，可以自由选择适应的语速来练习。在练习测试时，会实时检测打字速度以及准确字数以供练习者参考。

据我所知，一般公司员工测试打字，也是用打字软件测试，好记时间。当然是打文章了，标点都有的。如果是应聘工作就不一定了，打工作的资料据多。

The never-ending fashion stage Vientiane City, China Resources, China"s shopping center industry leader, advocate the consumption of the international concept of taste and fashion shows elegant style to lead a new way of life and consumption trends. The 188,000 square meters in the halls of fashion, brand retail, restaurant features add radiance to each other, leisure and entertainment, colorful culture and customs. Cutting-edge charm and harmonious experience, to make China Resources in Vientiane City. Everything, in order to bring consumers a new concept of consumption and life experience, is the true meaning of the "one-stop" center, the public and visitors are longing for the good place.

For a long period，grammar rules have been considered too important in English teaching techniques in China。In recent years， someone has proposed that grammar teaching should be cancelled as a result of its inefficiency in learning English。But learning grammars is still necessary。The point is how to combine grammar learning with exercises。

Today my nearby flat is on fire![my nearby flat是有点chinglish的写法-由于你系作者the flat nearby必然是相对于你住的地点而near-by] Smoke from the flat is straight![请问你想写：个单位「一直」冒烟，还是单位冒出「垂直的」烟[现时的意思]。 In the flat is only a dog and a baby. [这句文法错了-the flat is – “is”作为动词是表示the flat「是」如何的单位，我估你想讲the flat有/住了…，应该用的动词是the flat “only” has a dog and a baby.或There is only a dog and a baby in the flat.]The baby is sleeping in the cradle and the dog is very *** art and lawyer[你有冇查清楚这个字lawyer是否你要表达的字=律师，并且lawyer不是形容词啊！] so it bark for help but not anyone heard. [but not anyone heard当中anyone这字的意思是任何人-不是没有人-这是初学这字的同学常误解的，你这句应该写成：but no one heard.才是没有(no)人(one)听到。]In the same time [这phrase用错preposition，应该是At the same time.]the fire is beeing bigger and bigger so the dog put[虽然用错动词-含/咬是不能用put=放在上面这词的，但仍算文法规格冇错]baby in his mouth then escape from the scene.[用scene虽然并不太贴题-用于报导还可以-但这是讲述故事或(小说)情景则要更清楚表达escape from甚么…最好不要用咁虚/综合的画面。] After 5 minutes the firemen arrive. They put out the fire.这句都写编得顺畅。 Finally The baby"s parents(The dog"s master) gives (用错verb=跟上面一样is的意思是那主体subject「是」如何，你想说那人做多谢的动作而不是那人本身是多谢。] thanks [give thanks是感谢的动词组-可记住会常有用，thank本身亦是动词，但要小心用 – 例如如果你这里写the parents thanks their dog就很怪了-不是文法错而是意思上人系唔会多谢一只狗的=thank作为动词基本上用在人对人。]for the dog and the firemen praise the dog for its bravery. [the dog is very brave是形容词的写法「它很勇敢」 但如果你写为bravery名词则写法是「它的(its)勇敢」而不是「它是勇敢」。] 最后指出一点全篇都应该用过去时来写所有的动词，因为你是在记录已经发生了的事。 所以上面没有改正这项，如我把你的内容重写会是： 2012-08-29 16:02:32 补充： Today the flat nearby my home caught on fire. Smoke kept ing out from the windows and doors of the flat. There was only a baby and a dog inside at the time. The baby was sleeping in a cradle. The dog was *** art and sensed the danger and started barking but no one heard to e to help. 2012-08-29 16:03:57 补充： As the fire got bigger and bigger the dog opened the door and hold the baby by his month to carry him out to the open down the staircase. After 5 minutes firemen arrived and they put out the fire quickly. The parents of the baby were very thankful to the dog. 参考: 中一已经有文有路不错啦 - 多注意句式文法的组合 - 多看小说或故事书看看别人如何把很多内容编排和写句子。 ------Checking the English Grammar in the story;the tense of a verb used to show the time of the action or state expressed by the verb in the past----- Today my nearby flat(1) on fire Smoke from the flat(2) straight. In the flat(3) only a dog and a baby. The baby was sleeping in the cradle and the dog was very *** art and (4) so it was barking for help but(5) heard. At the same time the fire was being bigger and bigger so the dog put the baby in his mouth and then escaped from the scene. After 5 minutes the firemen arrived. They put out the fire. Finally the baby"s parents (the dog"s master) (6) dog and firemen praised its bravery. -------Checking the English Grammar for s1 standard with not too many difficult words;only 6 being corrected faithfully:- (1)was caught (2)windows were (3)there was (4)loyal=dependable dutiful (5)no one (6)expressed thanks for loyalty of the = dependability

洛阳大华雅思提醒您，剑桥雅思10Test1给我们提供了一篇3.5分的小作文，为此特发此文，提供一篇质量高一些的文章，希望能给想要拿高分的鸭鸭一些有价值的参考。尤其是在语言多样性和信息连接性方面。　　(p.s.为了阅读此文便利，特意将汉语版陈列如下，同时也让鸭鸭们感受汉语和英语之间的转化过程。)　　这两个饼状图显示了能源在澳大利亚家用和温室气体排放的信息。　　ThetwopiechartsillustratestatisticalinformationrespectivelyregardinghowenergyisusedinanaverageAustralianhouseholdandthegreenhousegasemissionsthatresultfromtheseenergyuses.　　我们先来谈谈澳大利亚的能源使用情况。heating占据了整体的能源消耗的最大比例，42%。而thefigureforwaterheating也占据了一个大的比例，仅比heating低那么一点，30%。相比之下，refrigeration，lighting，cooling只占了比较小的一部分比重，分别占据7%，4%和只有2%。之后，剩下的15%的能源消耗是用在其他家电上的。　　FirstletustalkabouttheenergyconsumptionofhouseholdfacilitiesinAustralia.Heatingpossessesthelargestproportionoftotalenergyusageinfamilyunit,accountingfor42%,followedbythefigureforwaterheatingwhichalsooccupiesalargepercentagewith30%.Incontrast,thedataforrefrigeration，lighting，coolingaremuchlesssignificant,7%,4%andonly2%respectively.Finally,theremaining15%oftheconsumptionisusedonotherappliances.　　再看看以上提到的这些家电的温室气体排放情况，与上图存在很大不同。首先，能耗最大的heating在温室气体排放方面略有逊色，以15%的比重排在第三。而最多的温室气体排放来自于waterheating，32%。相比之下，refrigeration，lighting，cooling的温室气体排放量几乎都是它们的能源使用量的两倍。其他家电所产生的CO2，占据了剩下的28%。　　Asforthesituationofgreenhousegasemissionsfromtheappliancesmentionedabove,itlargelydiffersfromthelastpie.First,heating,whichconsumesthegreatestamountofenergy,showsasmallershareingreenhousegasemission,listedinthethirdplacewithaproportionof15%,whilethebiggestshareofemissionsisfromwaterheating(32%).Bycomparison,proportionsofgreenhousegasemissionsinrefrigeration,lightingandcoolingalmostdoubletheirfiguresforenergyuse.CO2derivedfromotherappliancesconsistoftheremaining28%.　　根据这两个饼状图，heating是最为环保的家电，而waterheating不仅能耗大，CO2的排放量也相当大。refrigeration和lighting虽然能耗比较小，但是温室气体的排放量也比较大。　　Overall,itisnoticeablethatheatingisthemostenvironmentallyfriendlyappliancewhilewaterhearingnotonlyconsumesmoreenergysourcesbutalsogiveoutthemostcarbondioxide.Meanwhile,althoughrefrigerationandlightingconsumeless,theyemitmoreaswell.　　TIPs：文章的语言的多样性取决于主语的多样性和灵活性，该篇所用主语的形式如下：　　1.Heating——题目中所给的名词　　2.thedataforrefrigeration，lighting，cooling——“数据”作主语　　3.theremaining15%——数字作主语　　4.thebiggestshare/proportionsofgreenhousegasemissions——比重词作主语　　5.CO2——题目中greenhousegas的同义改写作主语　　6.they——代词作主语　　信息之间的链接，请参看文章中的标注　　希望此文能让更多鸭鸭们找到雅思小作文的写作思路和写作灵感。

1,1.爱以一个如此完美的外表使世界为之震撼. 2.没有惊奇更魔术的超过被爱的惊奇. 3.爱是一种被每个人讲的语言但是被心只有了解. 4.歌说: " 爱是一件许多 splendored 事物 ","爱举起我们增加我们属于哪里。” 是的，爱是所有的!不是我翻译的

Recently,global warming has become a hot topic among people. It results from serious airpollution. As the environmental pollution is more and more strict, thetemperature of all the world has dramatic increased. Gradually, some disastersuch as drought, floodandGlaciers Melting follow. How terrible it is! Therefore,we need to protect our earth and fight against the disaster together.We shouldstart from the trivial side. Making contribution to protecting our home.

s two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a

构思很好，很有说服力，所以才为好的英文奠定了基础。我花了一个半小时整理出来，远远超过了我的预想时间。我用了押韵的词结尾，以产生轰动效应。另外，“精神文化”千万不要改译成“spiritual culture”，否则在英语里面就是指宗教文化了。今后请留意，英文的标点符号后面往往是要空一格的。同时也请注意为什么要对原有的英文作或大或小的修改。Good luck with your presentation!希望这篇文章能成为百度精选文章。I"m honored to give you the daily talk for the second time.Well, when you do your homework until midnight and feel so tired, do you want to have a cup of coffee to refresh yourself? Coffee is an essential drink in people"s daily lives. It is not only students" favourite drink, but workers" favourite as well. .So today, I will present you a popular coffee house——do you know, what brand name does this logo stand fort？Yes, it"s the trademark of Starbucks. I"m a Starbucks fan, too. You must have been to a Starbucks coffee house at least once or twice, but have you ever had a close-up view of the trademark of Starbucks? In fact, the green mark of Starbuck is a sea-goddess image of a twin-tail mermaid. This logo was designed by Terry Herklor in 1971. He got the inspiration from a sea-god painting done in the Middle Ages.………….When this trademark was created for Starbucks 20 years ago, there was only one single coffee house. But now, the graceful green mermaid and the M of Macdonald"s have together become the symbols of American culture.The reason for Starbucks" popularity is its quality coffee. More than that in China--it is also the embodiment of a bourgeois venue for social gatherings. Indeed, Starbucks" name, environment, music, coffee and ambience all give people a very pleasant feeling, without exception. They enable city ladies to always take Starbucks as their sentimental home, with tasting coffee becoming a secondary consideration. That gives rise to the question: Does drinking coffee at Starbucks really make people feel romantic? I don"t think it"s true. We have to admit that the leaders of Starbucks were so clever that they chose China to develop their business, as it produces for them handsome profits. An auntie of mine who had been to the United States before told me that Starbucks are found everywhere in the United States, but that alongside the colourful stores, malls and restaurants, the green logo of Starbucks does not standout. In addition, the coffee houses are different from those you find in China. Most houses don"t look luxurious but are small and efficient; they are not fully packed but half empty; they are not chic but simple; the people there regard Starbucks as a place for ordinary people, not just for white-collar workers. This description took me by surprise! Why is the Starbucks that"s so popular in China so low-key and simple in America? In the final analysis, it all has to do with the cultural and economic difference between our two countries. The steadfast pursuit of sentiments precisely reflects the lack of them. In China, a country with too many responsibilities and obligations, too much fatigue and hurry, people"s intrinsic warm feelings have been suppressed by life. Finally, when they arrived at the 21st century, people who were able to catch their breath saw the lifestyle of the western world and mental pleasure it brought. Naturally, this pleasure has been exaggerated indefinitely.As I see it, using this argument to explain whey the Chinese associate Starbucks with sentiments makes most sense and is the most easily understandable. In different cities of various countries, you see the same green logo of Starbucks and, indeed, it looks so friendly and familiar. However, that after all is not a colour that belongs to all countries, but the United States solely. I am a Starbucks fan, and I will surely visit Starbucks when I am in a good mood. Of course I love the fact that it has the “sentiment” factor. But what I love the most is the fact that the Starbucks ambience allows me to generate ideas, and the warmth and joy there. To my mind, only when your love for Starbucks is elevated from loving it per se to loving its spirit and culture, then that is true love. Then, Our purpose in visiting Starbucks is no longer purely for drinking a mere cup of coffee, but rather hoping to share with friends, passing on our joys, keeping the good weekend in the cozy house and cementing all our good feelings in a cup of coffee.To conclude, I very much look forward to the day when a Chinese teahouse of a certain brand name is found throughout the world, when fashion magazines read: “Go and drink tea. How romantic it would be!”Thank you for watching!

毛泽东的下列那篇文章不是着重分析中国社会阶级状况的（）。 A.《反对本本主义》B.《中国农民中各阶级的分析及其对于革命的态度》C.《中国社会各阶级的分析》D.《湖南农民运动考察报告》正确答案：《反对本本主义》

A

出自毛泽东的《反对本本主义》中心思想：实事求是，一切从实际出发。

毛主席著作每篇都是真理，都闪烁着真理的光芒。毛泽东选集，是一部中国革命史，毛主席的书是放之四海而皆准的真理，他给人以前进的动力，给人以勇气。它是中国人民前进的指路明灯，是取之不尽，用之不竭的宝书，雄文五卷现在好多企业家都在其中找答案。细心品读，可以学到很多知识灬。 如果推荐五篇论著，有《湖南农民运动考察报告》，《矛盾论》，《实践论》，《论十大关系》，《在延安文艺座谈会议上的讲话》中国 社会 各阶级分析、矛盾论、实践论、论持久战、为人民服务 《新民主主义论》 《星星之火，可以燎原》 《反对本本主义》 《论持久战》 《人发刊词》 这五篇是毛泽东思想的经典著作中的经典，是毛泽东思想活的灵魂的集中体现，是毛泽东创作性解决中国革命和建设问题的光辉典范，是中国共产党的智慧的集中体现，今天学习阅读对于我们任然具有重大意义和启示。 《为人民服务》、《愚公移山》、《纪念白求恩》、《关于纠正党内错误思想》、《实践论》。毛主席的文章，全都值得拜读 因为它是一个思想体系，是马列主义与中国革命、建设实践相结合的第一个基础性的理论成果。若非限制谈五篇，我就说说以下文章。 《为人民服务》。“为人民服务”是党的根本宗旨，是我党的立党之本。中国几千年来的 历史 ，唯有中国共产党发自内心的提出这样鲜明的政治观点。“我们这个队伍完全是为着解放人民的，是彻底地为人民的利益工作的”。只要我们这个队伍不但把这五个字写在墙上，更要落实到实际行动上，我们就能永远立于不败之地。 《中国 社会 各阶级的分析》。“谁是我们的敌人？谁是我们的朋友？这个问题是革命的首要问题”，这是分析和解决中国问题的总出发点。现在谈当下教育问题，有一个观点说“教育是分层的”。有些人不同意，其中一个因素，恐怕就是担忧“层”的演变。另外，它也是我们处理国际关系时的一个重要原则和方法。 《论持久战》。这是公认的关于抗日战争战略的最大的阳谋。共产党人在看在用，国民党人也在看，日本侵略者也在看。但最终， 历史 的发展与文章的内容完全吻合。这篇文章指导我们取得百年抗击侵略的首场胜利，其重要意义是不言而喻的。 《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》。“我们的文艺是为什么人的？”，在文章发表后，这个问题得到解决，解放区文艺出现了欣欣向荣的新气象。现在这个问题是不是又有反复？上世纪有资产阶级自由化，现在又有那么多的“公知”。文章真值得我们反复拜读。 《在中国共产党第七届中央委员会第二次全体会议上的报告》。看看这两句话：“中国的革命是伟大的，但革命以后的路程更长，工作更伟大，更艰苦”。“务必使同志们继续地保持谦虚、谨慎、不骄、不燥的作风，务必使同志们继续地保持艰苦奋斗的作风”。这是最伟大的预言，这是最强的预防针，这也是保持我党接受“四大考验”的根本方法，谨记谨记！《矛盾论》《实践论》《论持久战》《反对本本主义》《人的正确思想从哪里来？》 毛主席的文章那一篇都很好，最使人难忘的是，毛主席的五篇哲学著作，拿到现在来读，都具深远的 历史 意义和现实意义。 毛选五卷，读过几遍，写心得一百三十篇，体会颇深，语言易懂，富有哲理，思想理论，永不过时。

　　1、关于这本书的简介：　　《反对本本主义》是毛泽东1930年5月为反对当时中国工农红军中的教条主义思想而写的关于调查研究问题的重要著作。原名《调查工作》。这是毛泽东最早的一篇马克思主义的哲学著作。　　2、本书创作的时代背景：　　毛泽东的这篇文章是为了反对当时红军中的教条主义思想而写的。那时没有用"教条主义"这个名称，而叫它做"本本主义"。　　你对于某个问题没有调查，就停止你对于某个问题的发言权。这不太野蛮了吗?一点也不野蛮。你对那个问题的现实情况和历史情况既然没有调查，不知底里，对于那个问题的发言便一定是瞎说一顿。瞎说一顿之不能解决问题是大家明了的，那么，停止你的发言权有什么不公道呢?许多的同志都成天地闭着眼睛在那里瞎说，这是共产党员的耻辱，岂有共产党员而可以闭着眼睛瞎说一顿的吗?　　

《反对本本主义》的基本思想和主要观点：实事求是，没有调查就没有发言权《反对本本主义》是毛泽东为了反对红军中的教条主义思想而写的。由于当时没有“教条主义”这个称呼，因此而使用了“本本主义”。据考证，这篇文章写于1930年5月，原名叫《调查工作》，是毛泽东时间较早的马克思主义著作。全篇文章由七个部分组成，每个部分都有一个主题句，围绕这七个主题句，毛泽东一一做出了自己的阐述。一，首先是对调查进行了描述，认为没有调查就没有发言权，指出共产党员不能闭着眼睛瞎说一通，要通过自己的亲身实践得出结果，强调了实践的重要性，认为实践是真理的来源。二，调查就是解决问题，任何问题的解决都来源于人们对这个问题现状和历史的了解。人们可以通过实践的方式收集解决问题的各种材料，通过实践来指导问题的解决，这充分的表现了毛泽东的实践的唯物主义，表现出了毛泽东对实践的重视。三，整篇文章的中心段落。指出了当时在党内存在的一种错误的思想，即“本本主义”。毛泽东在文中揭示了“本本主义”存在的根源是落后的农民文化，其错误的做法是没有根据实际情况进行讨论和审查，一味的盲目执行。随后毛泽东列举了“本本主义”的一系列危害，认为只有正确的运用书本知识，把书本知识与现实实际相结合，才能正确解决当前面临的各种问题。四，毛泽东回答了如何克服和改变“本本主义”的方法，那就是进行实际情况调查。首先，毛泽东指出如果离开实际调查就会产生盲动主义、机会主义，这些都是唯心的，是不正确的，他结合现在红军中存在的不顾实际情况的严重错误，要求加强实际调查，洗刷唯心的东西。五，毛泽东继续指出在实际调查中要进行社会经济调查，其原因有二。其一：进行社会经济调查可以得到正确的阶级估量。因为在进行调查的过程中，我们会对调查的对象即社会各个阶级进行摸底，了解这些的阶级的基本情况，了解他们的诉求，这样就会为我们党制定正确的斗争策略提供宝贵的一手资料，从而能够代表社会的广泛利益。其二：进行社会经济调查能够得到正确的革命斗争策略。在广泛的调研社会各阶级情况，了解各阶级诉求后，我们就可以对症下药，有针对性的进行斗争活动了。文中毛泽东指出了红军在社会经济调查中存在的各种问题，包括：需要调查的有哪些阶级、调查同一阶级的不同阶层、调查各业之间、各阶级之间的相互关系。毛泽东不但明确了我们需要调查的阶级名单，还指出了我们现在存在的问题，就是偏于农村而疏于城市。六，毛泽东把当前红军面临的问题升华到了当今中国革命的问题，认为中国革命斗争的胜利要靠同志们了解中国的情况。他从中国革命斗争的目的说起，通过分析革命斗争的形式，分析敌我斗争状况的情形，批评了红军中存在的错误观点，即安于现状、空洞乐观的思想。因此毛泽东大声疾呼，改变保守思想，换作进步的斗争思想，到群众中去调查，他不仅强调了实践的作用，还显现出了毛泽东群众思想和群众路线的雏形。七，毛泽东阐述了调查的各种技术方法，包括：举行调查会、调查的对象、参会人员的数量、调查大纲、主持人员要实践、调查的程度以及调查记录。在建设具有中国特色社会主义的今天，在进行经济和社会的建设中，我们要注意各种各样的新问题，要运用科学有效的方法去解决它，而“反对本本主义”里的思想就是我们有力的武器。不论从国家经济建设中出现的问题，还是现在政治改革中遇到得难题，我们都必须坚持实事求是的原则，脚踏实地，一步一步的通过自己的调查、研究去解决它。就像“反对本本主义”里说的社会经济调查一样，我们要从社会的基层，社会的普通劳动群众中做起，一层一层的往上实际调查，针对广大人民群众的诉求、建议，我们要认真采纳，虚心请教，妥善处理，真正把人民群众的根本利益放在第一位，打破利益集团的资源垄断。同样，在政治改革中，我们也要进行实际调查，要把马克思主义的普遍整理与我们中国的实际情况相结合，就像毛泽东说的“革命斗争的胜利要靠同志了解中国情况”一样，要实事求是、与时俱进，运用科学发展观，把中国的政治体制建设与中国的实际国情想结合，改革出一个既符合中国人民的根本利益，又符合中国的实际情况，更符合社会主义建设的体制，为中华民族的伟大复兴和中国的繁荣昌盛奠定政治基础。

是!!!!!!!!!

五年级啊。。。我给你写个 希望给分哦 On the night of Mid-autumn Day,Chinese always eat moon cakes.Families will stay togather and watch the round moon while eating moon cakes.Moon cakes are round,and they are like the moon.People eat moon cakes to show their missing of their hometown.There are different kinds of mooncakes and they are all delicious.Moon cakes are really good.

问题一：英文目录里面的 前言（序言）怎么说。 序言的英文： preface ["prefis] n. (书籍、演讲等的)序言，前言，绪言，引语，开场白 introduction [,intr?"d?k??n] n. 前言，引言，序言；导论；(音乐的)序曲 foreword ["f?:w?:d] n. (文章、杂志等的)序，序言，序文，前言，绪言，同近义词: introduction; perface 英文preface、foreword都含“书的正式篇章开始之前的一段文字”的意思。 preface 指“由书的作者或他人为该书写的序言或序文，它是与本书分开的一部分，用来解释写书的目的、重要性等，篇幅一般比foreward长”。 如: This book has a preface written by the author. 这本书有作者写的序言。 foreword 指“书的简短的序文”, 如: That book has a preface, not a foreword. 那本书有序文, 没有前言。 参考例句： 1. The preface to this book is on the preceding page 前边一页是这本书的序言。 2. To preface a Book By a life of the writer 以作者的生平作为一本书的序言 3. In her preface she pours out vials of wrath on her detractors. 在序言里她对她的诽谤者表示愤慨。 4. This Book has a preface written By the author. 这本书有作者写的序言。 5. This foreword of the book is writed by a famouse writer . 这本书的序言是由一个著名作家写的。 6. The preface is plete in itself. 这前言本身就是完整的。 7. The accident was the preface to a great scientific discovery. 这一偶然事件成了一项重大科学发现的开端。 8. Can you please preface my book? 你能给我这本书作序吗？ 9. The preface of the book includes an account of the author"s life. 该书前言记述了作者生平。 10. Jame"s prefaces are always important . 詹姆斯小说的前言总是重要的。 11. The introduction explains how the chapters are organized . 前言部分说明各章的怎样组织。 12. In his preface hawthorne seeks to explain the attraction that italy has for the writers of romances . 霍桑在前言中试图阐明意大利对传奇作家的吸引力。...>> 问题二：前言用英语怎么说 如果是书的前言，可以用preface 或introduction 问题三：“前言”的英文是什么？ 1.preface foreword introduction 2.premise 问题四：前言 英语怎么说 1. preface 2. introduction 胆. forward introduction比较常见吧 问题五：写书的话一般的都有前言，前言用英语怎么写 preface 问题六：论文引言翻译成英语 Introduction: Entering the 21st century, puter technology, the rapid development of network technology, electronic merce has bee a very strong life business way. 在电子商务环境下，生产者的生产将按市场需求来进行，其销售将借助于计算机和网络来完成，将彻底改变传统商务方式下的业务流程。 E-merce environment, producers will demand to carry out the production, its sales will be assisted by puters and networks to plete, will pletely change the traditional business mode of business processes. 企业经营环境的革命性变化必然导致会计管理的内涵和外延发生革命性变化，信息技术从根本上冲击并挑战着传统会计的基本理论体系和会计模型。 Revolutionary changes in business environment will inevitably lead to the connotation and extension of accounting management revolutionize the information丁technology impact and fundamentally challenges the basic theory of traditional accounting system and accounting models. 文章主要从电子商务对会计的影响进行了分析，并提出一些改进的措施。 This article, from the impact of electronic merce on the accounting *** ysis, and propose improvement measures. 任何会计理论总是建立在一定的会计环境与实务基础上的。 Any accounting theory is always based on certain accounting environment and practical foundations. 电子商务极大地改变了传统会计的环境，也必然对会计理论带来影响。 E-merce has greatly changed the traditional accounting environment inevitably impact on the accounting theory. 电子商务无论从组织上还是地理上都是一个虚拟企业，传统的会计理论及相应的原则需要发展。 E-merce in terms of organizational or geographical is a virtual enterprise, the traditional principles of accounting theory and the corresponding need to develop. 建立在现代信息技术基础之上的电子商务已经冲击了传统会计模式，在新的社会经济环境下，电子商务的发展给我国的经济发展带来了一个前所未有的机遇和挑战......>> 问题七：引言 英语怎么说 引言 foreword introduction 问题八：英语论文引言怎么写 写作总体要求： (1)说明论文的主题、范围和目的。 (2)说明本研究的起因、背景及相关领域简要历史回顾(前人做了哪些工作?哪些尚未解决?目前进展到何种程度?等)。 (3)预期结果或本研究意义。 (4)引言一般不分段,长短视论文内容而定,涉及基础研究的论文引言较长,临床病例分析宜短。 写作禁忌 1)文不着题，泛泛而谈。 2)引文罗列，缺少分析和概括。 注意事项 古代文论中有“凤头、猪肚、豹尾”之称。虽然论文不强调文章开头象凤头那样俊美、精采、引人入胜,但引言是给读者的第一印象,对全文有提纲挈领作用,不可等闲视之。 问题九：书的序言用英语哪个单词 preface,序言preface of a book,一本书的序言

Austen，Jane．Jane Austen"s letters．ed．Deirdre Le Faye．Oxford and NewYork：Ox~rd UniversityPress．1995． [7]Austen，Jane．Pride andPrejudice．1813．Bantam Classic Edition． 1981 [8]Copeland，E．＆ Mcmaster，J．The CambridgeCompanion to Jane Austen．Cambridge：CambridgeUniversity Press．1998.[9]William J Fitzpatrick，Jane Austin"s PRIDE ANDPREJUDICE，Simon & Schuster，1964.[10]Nark Schorer. Pride and Prejudice，Riverside Edition—B1，Boston，1956. [11]R. W.. Chapman，Jane Austen:A CriticalBibliography，22nd Edition，London，Annotated，1955. [12]David Daiches，Introductionto Pride and Prejudice. Modern Library，New York，1950

半个多世纪以来,我的最小的哀悼者,已经去世了参加了亲爱的简阿姨的葬礼在温彻斯特教堂;而现在,在我年老时,我问我的记忆将从遗忘为拯救生命的任何事件或任何她的性格特征来满足他们的询盘读者出生以来她去世了。她生命的事件是非常贫瘠的:一些变化和没有重大危机打破了光滑的电流。甚至她的名声可能是死后说:它没有达到任何有力的生活直到她已经不复存在。

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True Height真正的高度障碍越是巨大，逾越它也就越自豪。——莫里哀在今天的全国青少年奥林匹克运动会上，他面临的竞争异常激烈，就像此刻他坐着的阿斯特罗草皮一样灼热。横杆现在的位置是17英尺，比他个人最好成绩还要高出3英寸。迈克尔·斯通面临着他撑杆跳高生涯中最有挑战的一天。此时此刻，飞翔不仅仅是迈克尔·斯通的现实的梦想，还是他的探索与追求。从迈克尔开始记事起，他一直梦想着能够飞翔。迈克尔的成长过程中，他的妈妈给他讲了许多关于飞翔的故事。可他的爸爸伯特·斯通却相反，他不是一个爱做梦的人，他信仰的是努力与汗水。他的座右铭是：“如果你想得到什么，那么就为之努力吧！”从14岁起，迈克尔就是这么做的。他开始了一项全面而系统的举重训练。他每隔一天练一次举重，间隔的那一天练跑步。这个训练计划由迈克尔的爸爸兼教练来仔细监督。今天迈克尔在赛场上的每一跳，似乎都是对他所付出的艰辛与努力的回报。迈克尔·斯通跳过17英尺后是感到惊讶、激动还是骄傲自大，你一点也看不出来。他一落到气垫上，观众们立即站了起来，可迈克尔却又立刻开始为他的下一跳做准备了。他似乎没有意识到，他刚刚那一跳比他的个人最好成绩高了3英寸，并且他现在成了这场全国青少年奥林匹克运动会撑杆跳比赛仅剩的两名竞争者之一。接下来迈克尔跳过了17英尺2英寸，又跳过了17英尺4英寸，但他仍旧面无表情。他明白现在需要的是不懈的准备与坚毅的决心。他仰面躺着，听到观众席上发出一阵叹息声，就知道另一位选手的最后一跳失败了。他知道，该他进行最后一跳了。现在横杆的高度比他的个人最好成绩高出了9英寸。这离全国纪录只差1英寸了，他暗暗想着。这一刻的紧张气氛让他心里充满了焦虑。然后很突然地，或许是从他灵魂的最深处吧，他想到了妈妈。妈妈以前常常告诉他，当你感到紧张、焦虑甚至是恐惧的时候，深呼吸。于是，他深呼吸，然后轻轻地把撑杆放在脚边。他开始伸伸胳膊，挺挺上身。刚才的那阵微风现在已经过去了。他小心地捡起自己的撑杆。他感觉到心脏在怦怦地猛跳。他敢肯定观众的心跳也和他一样剧烈。整个赛场静得吓人。然后，他听到了远处几只知更鸟的鸣叫，他知道，他飞翔的时候到来了。迈克尔·斯通飞了起来，就像在他童年的梦境中那样。只不过这一次，他知道自己可不是在做梦。周围的空气从未像现在这么纯净，这么新鲜。迈克尔就像是一只威武的雄鹰，在天空中翱翔着。也许是看台上观众爆发出的欢呼声，也许是他落地时“砰”的一声，让迈克尔重新回到了现实。他仰面躺在那儿，依然灼热的阳光舒服地照在他的脸上。此刻，他唯一能够想象到的是妈妈脸上的笑容。他知道，爸爸可能也在微笑，甚至可能开怀大笑——伯特激动时总是这样。但迈克尔不知道的是，他的爸爸此刻正紧紧抱着妈妈，放声大哭，哭得那样动情，是迈克尔以前从未见过的。很快，迈克尔就被人群团团围住，人们和他拥抱，祝贺他有生以来取得的最大成就。他那天又跳的那一次，跳过了17英尺6.5英寸的高度：这既是全国青少年奥运会纪录，也是国际青少年奥运会纪录。想想事后各方媒体对他的争相报道，商家可能会请他代言产品以及人们如潮水涌来般的衷心祝贺，迈克尔的生活将从此不同。但这并不仅仅是因为他在全国青少年奥运会上拿了冠军且创造了一项新的世界纪录，也不仅仅是因为他把自己的个人最好成绩提高了9.5英寸。这仅仅只是因为，迈克尔·斯通是一个盲人。The Astroturf he was sitting on was as hot as the competition he faced today at the National Junior Olympics. The pole was set at 17 feet. That was three inches higher than his personal best. Michael Stone faced the most challenging day of his pole-vaulting career. Today and now, it is not only Michael Stone"s reality and dream——it"s his quest.As long as Michel could remember, he had always dreamed of flying. Michael"s mother read him numerous stories about flying when he was growing up. His dad, Bert Stone, on the other hand, was not a dreamer. He believed in hard work and sweat. His motto: If you want something, work for it！From the age of 14, Michael did just that. He began a very careful and regimented weight-lifting program. He worked out every other day with weights, with some kind of running work on alternate days. The program was carefully monitored by Michael"s coach, trainer and father.All of Michael"s vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work. If Michael Stone was surprised, thrilled or arrogant about clearing the bar at 17 feet, you couldn"t tell. As soon as he landed on the inflated landing mat and with the crowd on their feet, Michael immediately began preparing for his next attempt. He seemed oblivious of the fact he had just surpassed his personal best by three inches and that he was one of the final two competitors in the pole-vaulting event at the National Junior Olympics.When Michael cleared the bar at 17 feet, 2 inches and 17 feet, 4 inches, again he showed no emotion. Constant preparation and determination were his vision. As he lay on his back and heard the crowd moan, he knew the other vaulter had missed his final jump. He knew it was time for his final jump. The bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best. That"s only one inch off the national record, he thought.The intensity of the moment filled his mind with anxiety. Then out of nowhere, and from the deepest depths of his soul, he envisioned his mother. His mother always used to tell him that when you felt tense, anxious, or even scared, take deep breaths. So he did and gently laid his pole at his feet. He began to stretch out his arms and upper body. The light breeze that was once there was now gone. He carefully picked up his pole. He felt his heart pounding. He was sure the crowd did, too. The silence was deafening. When he heard the singing of some distant robins, he knew it was his time to fly.Michael Stone was now flying, just like in his childhood dreams. Only this time he knew he wasn"t dreaming. The air around him seemed the purest and freshest he had ever sensed. Michael was soaring with the majesty of an eagle.It was either the eruption of the people in the stands or the thump of his landing that brought Michael back to earth. On his back with that wonderful hot sun on his face, he could only envision the smile on his mother"s face. He knew his dad was probably smiling too, even laughing. Bert would always do that when he got excited. What he didn"t know was that Dad was hugging Mom and crying, harder than Michael had ever seen before.Michael was immediately swarmed with people hugging and congratulating him on the greatest achievement thus far in his life. He later went on that day to clear 17 feet and 6 1/2 inches: National and international Junior Olympics record.With all the media attention, endorsement possibilities and swarming herds of heartfelt congratulations, Michael"s life would never be the same. It wasn"t just because he won the National Junior Olympics and set a new world record. It wasn"t because he had just increased his personal best by 9 1/2 inches.It was simply because Michael Stone is BLIND.

共存与竞争：日益交织的趋势 我们已经太习惯于生活在一个个人主义的社会里，因而有必要提醒大家，人类社会更为普遍的生活方式是集体主义。大多数社会中的多数人从生到死都生活在稳定的集体主义社会里，这种社会把个人服从群体视作当然。个欲的膨胀，如果是以牺牲他人为代价，那只是一种犯罪。 : Sorry, word not found!Are you looking for:1.这种生活我们已经习惯了。2.他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式.3.我们生活在一个不完美的社会中。4.但是，我们大多数人把生活认为是理所当然的。5.集体主义的

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呵，围城啊！

Rafting or whitewater rafting is a challenging recreational activity utilizing a raft to navigate a river or other bodies of water. This is usually done on whitewater or different degrees of rough water, in order to thrill and excite the raft passengers. The development of this activity as a leisure sport has become popular since the mid 1970s. Rafting is one of the earliest means of transportation, used as a means for shipping people, hunting, and transferring food. In 1842, Lieutenant John Fremont of the U.S. Army first journalized his rafting expedition on the Platte River. Horace H. Day designed the equipment he used in rafting. Day"s rafts were constructed from four independent rubber cloth tubes and wrap-around floor. [1] In 1960s, rafting was then recognized and paths like Grand Canyon were routed and whitewater rafting companies were established. In 1970s, rafting marked its major development as a leisure sport when it was then included in the Munich Olympic Games. In 1980s, as rafting continued to gain its popularity, many rivers were opened for rafting activities including rivers in South America and Africa. In 1990s, rafting was included in major game events like the Barcelona Games in 1992, Atlanta Games in 1996, and the whitewater events of the Summer Olympic Games hosted by Ocoee River in Tennessee Valley. In addition, the International Federation of Rafting was instituted in 1997 and in 1999 the first Official International Championship was held. Rafts were originally the simplest form of man"s transportation in water and were then made of several logs, planks or reeds which were fastened together. Nowadays, inflatable boat were used as rafts which were later adopted by the military for beach assaults. It consists of very durable, multi-layered rubberized or vinyl fabrics with several independent air chambers. Its length varies between 3.5 m (11 ft) and 6 m (20 ft), the width between 1.8 m (6 ft) and 2.5 m (8 ft). The exception to this size rule is usually the packraft, which is designed as a portable single-person raft and may be as small as 1.5m long and weigh as little as 4 lbs. Rafts come in a few different forms. In Europe the most common is the symmetrical raft steered with a paddle at the stern. Other types are the asymmetrical, rudder-controlled raft and the symmetrical raft with central helm (oars). Rafts are usually propelled with ordinary paddles and typically hold 4 to 12 persons. In Russia rafts are often hand made and are often a catamaran style with two inflatable tubes attached to a frame. Pairs of paddlers navigate these rafts. Catamaran style rafts have become popular in the western United States as well, but are typically rowed instead of paddled. Class 1: Very small rough areas, requires no maneuvering. (Skill Level: None) Class 2: Some rough water, maybe some rocks, might require maneuvering.(Skill Level: Basic Paddling Skill) Class 3: Whitewater, small waves, maybe a small drop, but no considerable danger. May require significant maneuvering.(Skill Level: Experienced paddling skills) Class 4: Whitewater, medium waves, maybe rocks, maybe a considerable drop, sharp maneuvers may be needed. (Skill Level: Whitewater Experience) Class 5: Whitewater, large waves, possibility of large rocks and hazards, possibility of a large drop, requires precise maneuvering (Skill Level: Advanced Whitewater Experience) Class 6: Class 6 rapids are considered to be so dangerous as to be effectively unnavigable on a reliably safe basis. Rafters can expect to encounter substantial whitewater, huge waves, huge rocks and hazards, and/or substantial drops that will impart severe impacts beyond the structural capacities and impact ratings of almost all rafting equipment. Traversing a Class 6 rapid has a dramatically increased likelihood of ending in serious injury or death compared to lesser classes. (Skill Level: Successful completion of a Class 6 rapid without serious injury or death is widely considered to be a matter of great luck or extreme skill) Whitewater rafting can be a dangerous sport, especially if basic safety precautions are not observed. Both commercial and private trips have seen their share of injuries and fatalities, though private travel has typically been associated with greater risk. Depending on the area, legislated safety measures may exist for rafting operators. These range from certification of outfitters, rafts, and raft leaders, to more stringent regulations about equipment and procedures. It is generally advisable to discuss safety measures with a rafting operator before signing on for a trip. The equipment used and the qualifications of the company and raft guides are essential information to be considered. Like most outdoor sports, rafting in general has become safer over the years. Expertise in the sport has increased, and equipment has become more specialized and increased in quality. As a result the difficulty rating of most river runs has changed. A classic example would be the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon or Jalcomulco River in Mexico, which has swallowed whole expeditions in the past, leaving only fragments of boats but is now run safely by commercial outfitters hundreds of times each year, with relatively untrained passengers. [2] Risks in whitewater rafting stem from both environmental dangers and from improper behavior. Certain features on rivers are inherently unsafe and have remained consistently so despite the passage of time. These would include "keeper hydraulics", "strainers" (e.g. fallen trees), dams (especially low-head dams, which tend to produce river-wide keeper hydraulics), undercut rocks, and of course dangerously high waterfalls. Rafting with experienced guides is the safest way to avoid such features. Even in safe areas, however, moving water can always present risks -- such as when a swimmer attempts to stand up on a rocky riverbed in strong current, risking foot entrapment. Irresponsible behavior related to rafting while intoxicated has also contributed to many accidents. To combat the illusion that rafting is akin to an amusement park ride, and to underscore the personal responsibility each rafter faces on a trip, rafting outfitters generally require customers to sign waiver forms indicating understanding and acceptance of potential serious risks. Rafting trips often begin with safety presentations to educate customers about problems that may arise. Due to this the overall risk level on a rafting trip with experienced guides using proper precautions is low.[citation needed] Thousands of people safely enjoy raft trips every year.

由数字减少约翰教区牧师为计算机铺路了-援助了制造业。 由丹 Cho十年，大部份最极深的人类改革已经要求残忍的精密。从在一枚矽薄片上让一个汽车的累赘变成看不见极小的特征的等高线，今天的科技惊奇会不可能制造独自地使用眼睛和手。 被帮助在计算机中提高如一个先锋的人类生产能力的制造业者约翰 T. 教区牧师-援助了制造业。 藉由将机器运动翻译成一组数字，教区牧师教机器建立机器。 在 1947 年，约翰教区牧师在生产了直升飞机转子的横贯城市,大音阶的第三音中带领了教区牧师公司厂。 在那时 , 数传计算机静止的是健身房尺寸的事件, 但是打洞器-卡片操作的电机械计算者被会计员用。 教区牧师租用了一部 IBM 会计机器嘎扎嘎扎的咬嚼一些设计叁数,因为他的转子刀锋的形状被复杂相等定义了。 没有人猜想了机器会最后用空前的准确性和速度帮助教区牧师生产完成部份。 为了制造刀锋型板, 工人藉由为定义了一个型板的曲线的 17 点作标记已经传统地开始-每个吃力地以一个计算尺计算。然后他们会用手拉等高线连接点,制造形状的一个粗糙挖剪细工, 而且申请 , 块对规格 ??落。 甚至和熟练的工人，程序不可避免产生了导致了毁灭的型板和浪费的时间的错误。 然而， IBM 计算者给予了教区牧师一个主意。 他要求职员法兰克 Stulen 沿着等高线的边缘计算 200 点了,使用计算者。 教区牧师然后在每一个 200 组坐标有了一个机械师训练一个洞。 如洞是现在接近地足够重叠, 不需要另外的追踪或切断。 所有的一个机械师必须做是移动对被需要的坐标机制月台,训练一个洞,移动到下一个坐标, 而且重复。 技术仍然仰赖一个人类操作机器, 但是教区牧师想像了自动化的下个步骤-在经由打洞器卡片被喂数字的指导的一部马达驱动的机器。 教区牧师采取了他的主意给美国空军,这允许了他一份契约但是最后把计画的控制给了麻州理工学院。然而，今天约翰教区牧师被认为 "数字的控制 ," 的父亲和他在 1985 年被颁发技术的国立奖牌。

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当我们深入到《春》的艺术境界中时，我们会为那美丽的春光所陶醉，会为那洋溢的诗情所感染，会为那盎然的生机所激励。春，会在我们的心灵中幻化出一派充满诗情画意的美好景象。 《春》所描绘的景物充盈着跃动的活力与生命的灵气。“以我观物，物皆着我之色彩”，当人在观照外物的时候，他的情感就会投射到外物中去，使外物也好像有了人的感情。美学家朱光潜先生将这种现象称之为“宇宙的人情化”，他说：“移情的现象可以称之为‘宇宙的人情化"，因为有移情作用，然后本来只有物理的东西可具人情，本来无生气的东西可有生气。”你看，在朱自清先生的笔下，春天的“一切都像刚睡醒的样子”，太阳的脸也红起来了；“野花遍地是：杂样儿，有名字的，没名字的，散在草丛里，像眼睛，像星星，还眨呀眨的”；春风“像母亲的手抚摸着你”；“鸟儿将巢安在繁花嫩叶当中，高兴起来了，呼朋引伴地卖弄清脆的喉咙，唱出宛转的曲子，跟轻风流水应和着”……作者用心灵去感受春天的景物，将自己的情感倾注其中，通过比喻、拟人等艺术手法，使景物变得鲜活生动，形象逼真。朱自清先生曾经说过：“‘逼真"等于俗语所说的‘活脱"或‘活像"，不但像是真的，而且活像是真的。”可以说，朱自清先生的散文达到了这样的艺术境界。 《春》描写细腻，富于情致。盼春，是文章的开端。作者写道：“盼望着，盼望着，东风来了，春天的脚步近了。”连用两个“盼望着”，可见期待春天来临的心情是多么殷切。东风来了，报告了春天的消息，你听，那春天的脚步声近了。短短的十几个字，就将作者殷切而又喜悦的心情表现得淋漓尽致。 作者细致地观察了初春的山、水和太阳。“山朗润起来了”，写积雪消融、春光明媚、嫩草新绿，显得格外清爽和滋润。“太阳的脸红起来了”，将太阳拟人化，既表现了春天太阳的温暖，抓住了春阳的特征，更表现了春天太阳的内在神韵。写初春的山、水和太阳，是从大处落笔，勾勒出一个总的轮廓，为下文细致的描绘张本。在下面的文字中，作者就从春草、春花、春风、春雨、春天里的人们等几个方面来描绘春天的景象。 “小草偷偷地从土里钻出来，嫩嫩的，绿绿的……风轻悄悄的，草软绵绵的”。“钻”字用得何等传神；“嫩嫩的，绿绿的”，“草软绵绵的”，又是何等简洁而富有质感地写出了初春草的特点。 春天里的花更美。那花儿开得多么热烈：“桃树、杏树、梨树，你不让我，我不让你，都开满了花赶趟儿”；那花儿的色彩多么美丽：“红的像火，粉的像霞，白的像雪”；那花儿的味道多么怡人：“花里带着甜味儿；闭了眼，树上仿佛已经满是桃儿、杏儿、梨儿。花下成千成百的蜜蜂嗡嗡地闹着，大小的蝴蝶飞来飞去”。还有野花呢，“散在草丛里，像眼睛，像星星，还眨呀眨的。” “古木阴中系短蓬，杖藜扶我过桥东。沾衣欲湿杏花雨，吹面不寒杨柳风。”当春天的阳光照临大地，杨柳吐出了新绿，微风轻拂，吹到人们的脸上，是那样温暖柔和，已经感觉不到一丝的寒意了。作者以“吹面不寒杨柳风”引起对春风的描写，接着撷取了一个生活化的令人倍感亲切的比喻“像母亲的手抚摸着你”，写尽了春风的气韵神情。然后，作者又以极细腻的笔触，写春风的味道：“风里带来些新翻的泥土的气息，混着青草味儿，还有各种花的香，都在微微润湿的空气里酝酿。”最后是写春风中的乐音——鸟儿的宛转的曲子和牛背上牧童的短笛。“状难写之景，如在目前”，作者通过细腻的感受，运用生动的笔墨，将难以状写的春风写得神韵透彻。 作者写春雨，先写春雨的特点：“像牛毛，像花针，像细丝，密密地斜织着，人家屋顶上全笼着一层薄烟”。然后写雨中的景致，描绘出一幅宁静优美的水墨春雨图。 春景如此，春天里的人们是怎样的呢?春天来了，“城里乡下，家家户户，老老小小，也赶趟儿似的，一个个都出来了。舒活舒活筋骨，抖擞抖擞精神，各做各的一份儿事去。”写出“蛰伏”了一冬的人们迎来风和日暖的喜悦。人们充满了希望，因为“‘一年之计在于春"，刚起头儿，有的是工夫，有的是希望”。 《春》的最后，作者用三个比喻总写春天。春天是新的，春天有旺盛的生命力：“春天像刚落地的娃娃，从头到脚都是新的，它生长着。”春天是美的，是活泼生动的：“春天像小姑娘，花枝招展的，笑着，走着。”春天是健壮有力的：“春天像健壮的青年，有铁一般的胳膊和腰脚，领着我们上前去。”从刚落地的娃娃，到小姑娘，到青年，文章描写的顺序也耐人寻味，写出了不同时段的不同景象。 《春》的结构严谨精美，作者先总写春天，继而又分几个方面细描细绘，最后又总写，以收束全文，画龙点睛。文章以“脚步近了”始，以“领着我们上前去”终，起于拟人，结于拟人，其构思布局、修辞润色，颇具匠心。至于语言的秀雅清新、朴实隽永，则更能令人感受到那“味道极正而且醇厚”的情致。 赏析2 春的赞歌 读朱自清的散文《春》 (吴周文) 在五四新文化运动中，朱自清以他的新诗踏上了文学道路，后又努力从事散文创作，为建立崭新的白话散文作出过很大贡献，成为现代文学史上独树一帜的散文作家。郁达夫在《中国新文学大系散文二集·导引》中说过：“朱自清虽则是一个诗人，可是他的散文仍能满贮着那一种诗意。文学研究会的散文作家中，除冰心女士外，文章之美，要算他。” 《春》，就是这样满贮诗意的一个名篇。 这篇散文以诗的笔调，描绘了花卉争荣、生机勃勃的春天的图画，赞美、抒唱春的创造力和带给人们以无限希望，从而激励人们在大好春光里辛勤劳作、奋然向前。这篇作品可以说是一首抒情诗，一幅风景画，是一曲春的赞歌。 “盼望着，盼望着，东风来了，春天的脚步近了。”这个起笔，抒写了盼春的热切心情，为全文定下了活泼、轻快的抒情旋律和诗的氛围。接着，作者抓住春天的主要特征，粗略地勾勒了春天的轮廓画：“一切都像刚睡醒的样子，欣欣然张开了眼。山朗润起来了，水涨起来了，太阳的脸红起来了。”由于抓住春天的特征来点染，给这幅轮廓画抹上了一种迷离的色彩，创造了一个动人的意境，引起读者对春的热烈向往：春天，该是怎样的美妙啊! 然后，作者从容不迫地“推”出五幅“特写”，细致描写春天的动人景象。先写草，“小草偷偷地从土里钻出来，嫩嫩的，绿绿的”，突出草的“嫩绿”，描写春天绿草如茵的情景。次写花，“桃树、杏树、梨树，你不让我，我不让你，都开满了花赶趟儿。红的像火，粉的像霞，白的像雪”，突出花的“争相斗妍”，画出春天百花盛开的繁荣景象。第三幅画写春风，着力刻画春风的“温馨”“鸣唱”，描绘出春风送暖的胜境。第四幅画面写春雨，渲染春雨“轻柔”“湿润”，画出夜雨和郊外的美丽画面。最后，画出了一幅迎春图： 天上风筝渐渐多了，地上孩子也多了。城里乡下，家家户户，老老小小，也赶趟儿似的，一个个都出来了。舒活舒活筋骨，抖擞抖擞精神，各做各的一份儿事去。“一年之计在于春”，刚起头儿，有的是工夫，有的是希望。 这里笔墨不多，但写出“城里乡下，家家户户，老老小小”迎春的一片欢乐景象。人们像赶趟儿似的都出来了，舒活筋骨，抖擞精神，在春草、春花、春风、春雨几幅风景画交相辉映的绮丽春色中，“各做各的一份儿事去”，充满了无限的活力和希望。如果说前四幅画是侧重写自然界的“春”(其中也有穿插写人的活动的)，那么第五幅画是集中笔墨写人勤春早的“春”。 最后，作者禁不住对春天引吭高歌了： 春天像刚落地的娃娃，从头到脚都是新的，它生长着。 春天像小姑娘，花枝招展的，笑着，走着。 春天像健壮的青年，有铁一般的胳膊和腰脚，领着我们上前去。 这个结尾奇崛，颇俏。作者在完美地制作了春天的画卷之后，纵情地对春天予以赞美，进一步揭示春天有不可遏制的创造力和无限美好的希望。三个形象化的比喻，渐次排比，气势迭起，戛然有力地归结全文。 《春》在艺术表现上具有鲜明的特色。 一是诗情与画意的结合，和谐地创造情景交融的境界。作者对春天深沉赞美的感情，不是直抒胸臆地“直说”，而是通过含情的画笔，描绘春天的各种风景画来抒写的，赋予各种景物以鲜明的感情色彩。如对花的描写，既绘形绘色地描绘了各种果树的花，又这样描绘盛开的野花：“野花遍地是：杂样儿，有名字的，没名字的，散在草丛里像眼睛，像星星，还眨呀眨的。”作者赏花的欣喜之情，倾注在字里行间，一切“景语”都是“情语”。由于感情的倾注，这些小野花儿都仿佛变成了富于感情的活灵灵的小动物了，内在的诗情与外在的景物和谐地交融为具体可感的艺术形象，画面的境界也因之抹上了一层浓郁的抒情色调。 二是结构严密，层次井然中见跌宕变化。作品根据揭示主题和抒情的需要，一共制作了五幅画面。画面之间连接自然、紧凑，并以前四幅画面作为第五幅画面的铺垫、烘托，从而开拓意境，揭示题旨。在揭题后，最后奇峰突起。文章层次清楚，脉络分明，而又有变化。 三是语言朴实、隽永。朱自清善于提炼通俗易懂、生动形象的口语。他的散文语言具有清新朴实的特点。如写草“园子里，田野里，瞧去，一大片一大片满是的”；如写花“你不让我，我不让你，都开满了花赶趟儿”，这些短句浅语都是从口语中来。从达意说，平易好懂，从修辞说，经过作者的艺术加工之后，节奏明快，不平淡，有浓厚的抒情味。作者还善于运用奇妙的比喻，增强语言的情味。如写春风拂面，说“像母亲的手抚摸着你”，如把春天比作“刚落地的娃娃”“小姑娘”“健壮的青年”等，这些比喻新颖、贴切，不落俗套，富有表现力，蕴藉深厚，句外有意，朴实清新中有隽永的意味。

想象你有一个新的产品或一个新的服务，你想让世界知道它。一种方法是把广告写在成千上万张纸上，然后把它们从城市或城市上空飞过。地上的人可能会拿起一个，读它。可能是2或三个人。另一方面，风会吹走。现在想象做同样的事情，但是这一次扔到空中的每一个其他的产品或服务在世界广告。你可能不会这样做，你会吗？好吧，很不幸的是，在互联网上做广告是什么样的。试图使您的产品，服务或网站被称为其他的互联网界可以是非常，非常令人沮丧。不仅使它出名，但要访问该网站的访问者似乎是不可能的。但有办法克服在互联网广告上的不可能，只要你遵循三条规则。所以，规则第一，第一件事就是要记住，人们使用搜索引擎。因此，每当有人类型的关键字链接到您的企业，您的网站需要出现在所有的主要搜索引擎的顶部50左右的列表中。任何较低的，没有人会找到你。我的另一个原则是，花一些有用的时间和精力去获取其他网站上的链接是个好主意。这是一个很好的，虽然非常耗时的方式增加游客。你可以通过与其他公司的链接来做到这一点，所以他们有一个链接在你的网站上，你把一个在他们的。或者通过一个网站评论推荐你的产品。还记得你在其他地方的更多链接，更可能的人是通过搜索引擎找到你。所以，这是我的三个起点，任何人都认为网络广告。在我们完成之前别忘了一个令人难忘的域名，人们可以很容易地类型将帮助。电子邮件活动可以工作，是一个简单的方法来获得流量的网站，但它不会持续很长时间。可能是更好的是有一个月的人们注册的通讯，我发现这是非常有效和更积极的发送垃圾邮件。然后有比赛的奖品或任何自由，也许一些软件或凉爽的图形。一旦你有人访问该网站，要保持每天有多少人访问，有多少人返回到该网站的统计数据。换句话说，找出他们是谁。他们多大了。他们来自哪里。他们喜欢做什么，他们的空闲时间。例如你可以通过要求他们订阅你的通讯，以获得这种信息…

Chanel的NO.5号香水，让5成为香水界的一个魔术数字，代表一则美丽的传奇。 香奈儿香水“5”是香奈儿女士的幸运数字，当时巴黎香水界的名鼻ErnestBeaux研制了几款香水样品，香奈儿女士在众多香水样品中，选择了第5支香水，而Chanel No.5香水的发表日，恰好在5月25日，与Chanel第5场的时装发表会同时举行。1953年，Chanel No.5成为第一个使用电视打广告的香水。 No.5是Chanel的第一瓶香水，在1921年推出的CHANEL No.5是第一瓶款合成花香调香水，灵感来自花束，融合了奢华与优雅，且表现出女性的勇敢与大胆，完全打破了当时香水的传统精神。香奈儿女士崇尚简洁之美，她希望以简单而不花俏的设计为最初诞生的香水作包装—长方体附以俐落线条的香水瓶， Chanel No.5的黑色字眼呈现于白底上。 从玛丽莲·梦露那件著名的睡衣—Chanel No.5诞生以来，Chanel的香水始终以高贵优雅的形像深入人心。1956年，还成为纽约大都会博物馆的收藏。直到今天，Chanel No.5依然稳坐世界销售冠军的宝座。 香调：乙醛花香调 前味：格拉斯橙花、乙醛、香水树花 中味：格拉斯茉莉、五月玫瑰 后味：麦索尔檀木香、波旁香根草 CHANCE邂逅香水 Coco Chanel曾说过“Chance is my soul.”当Chanel遇上chance时，Chance诞生了。继经典的CHANEL No.5后，全新香氛CHANCE以崭新的浑圆形象，成为香水新经典、明日世界的新典范。Chanel香氛大师Jacques Polge以三年时间调制的Chance ，是特别针对年轻勇于尝试、爱好幻想、热情活力、狂野却又纤细的年轻女性所设计。CHANEL为Chance找来俄罗斯模特儿Anne Vyalitsyna为国际形象，正是看准她那份年少轻狂的自信，多元化的性格特质和自然的美态，为反映现今年青女性的最佳人选。 Chanel Chance一推出，即在美国造成轰动，以清新花香为主调，动态香味层融合风信子、白麝香、粉红胡椒、茉莉、香根草、柑橘果、鸢尾和琥珀广藿香，散发甜美的感觉之余，也带有感性及热情的气息，甜美与辛辣交织的嗅觉体验，充分表现时代女性朝气勃勃及勇敢果断的一面，CHANCE创新的行星式香味惊喜，摆脱一般前、中、后味的固定形式，让你的甜美气质充满无限惊喜。 外包装及瓶身摆脱了过往的设计，创造了令人难忘的新惊喜，以浑圆的瓶身愉悦视觉，粉红色包装来挑逗感官。有别于Chanel经典香氛的方形瓶身，Chance是Chanel史上第一款圆形瓶子的香水，正式地为Chanel揭开了这个新纪元的序幕！在浑圆之内，注满的是狂野的动力、性感的魅力及澎湃的创造力，亦蕴含着宇宙无限的意义，成功的为Chanel香水写下历史的新一页。Chanel NO. 5 of perfume to make 5 become perfume group of a magic number, representing a beautiful legend. Chanel perfumes"5" is sweet nai lady lucky number, when Paris perfume group name nasal ErnestBeaux developed several kinds of perfume sample, Chanel lady in numerous perfume sample, the choice of the first five teams perfume, and Chanel No. 5 of perfume, just published on May 25, and Chanel game 5 fashion conference held simultaneously. In 1953, Chanel No. 5 be the first to use TV advertise perfume. No. 5 is the first a bottle of perfume, Chanel in 1921 launched Chanel No. 5 is the first bottle of synthetic beautiful sweet tone perfume, inspiration comes from bouquet, shirt-sleeve luxury and graceful, and shows a woman of courage and daring, totally broke when the traditional spirit of perfume. Chanel lady advocating simple beauty, she hopes by simple but not fancy of the design of the first birth of perfume for packaging - cuboid attached with neat lines of perfume bottle, Chanel No. 5 black words presented in white. From Marilyn Monroe that famous pajamas Chanel No. 5 - since birth, Chanel perfumes always with elegant the likeness of a thorough popular feeling. In 1956, also become the New York mets collections of the museum. Until today, Chanel No. 5 still sit steady world sale champion. Sweet adjustment: acetaldehyde flowers before adjust flavour: sargeras orange blossom, aldehyde, perfume tree flower in flavour: sargeras jasmine, may rose after taste. Wheat sol ebony sweet, bourbon vetiver grass Coco Chanel perfumes CHANCE encounter had said "there goes my CHANCE." when the CHANCE, Chanel met CHANCE was born. Following the classical CHANEL No. 5, brand-new CHANCE with brand-new fragrance perfectly round image into perfume new classic, tomorrow the world"s new model. Chanel sweet atmosphere Jacques Polge took three years to master the Chance, is special modulation aimed at young dares to attempt, visionary, passion vigor, wild yet slender young women design. CHANEL Chance for Russian models for Anne Vyalitsyna for international image, it is certain that her copy of young frivolous self-confidence, diversified personality traits and the beauty of nature state, to reflect now young woman who the best candidate. Chanel Chance is rolled out, namely in the United States, in order to create the stir fresh aromas gives priority to tone, dynamic fragrance layer fusion hyacinth, white musk, pink pepper, jasmine, vetiver grass, citrus fruit, iris and amber patchouli, send out sweet feeling of remaining, also with perceptual and warm flavor, sweet smell experience with spicy interweave, full performance era female spark animated and brave decisive side, Chance innovative planet type fragrance surprise, get rid of general before, during and after the flavour of fixed form, let you of the melting temperament full of surprise. Packaging and departs from past design, creating memorable new surprises to chubby body cheerful visual, pink packing to titillate senses. Different from the classical Chanel fragrance, body Chance is square Chanel history in the first paragraph of circular bottle of perfume, formally opened a new era for Chanel the prelude of! In the round inside, fill the are wild power, sexy charm and surging creativity, also contains the universe infinite significance, the success for Chanel perfumes write history of a new page.

A superstar is someone who is unusually famous in sports, films, or popular music, someone like the singer Michael Jackson.一个超级巨星就是一个在体育运动中，电影中，或者流行音乐里常出现的人，就好比是歌手麦克杰克逊。In the nineteen eighties, Michael Jackson, made a record album called “Thriller”.在20世纪80年代，麦克杰克逊录制了唱片“Triller”。It quickly became the most popular recording in the history of music and it made Michael Jackson a superstar.它很快地成为了音乐史上最畅销的唱片并且让麦克杰克逊成为了一个超级巨星。The word “super” means more than usual or very wonderful. “Super”这个词就是说超乎普通或者非常之好的意思。And of course, a “star” is a person who is very famous and skillful. 当然，一个“明星”就是指一个非常著名而且有才华的人。So the top people who are very wonderful and skillful in sports, films or music are called superstars, such as Li Ning.所以在体育界，电影里，音乐中十分优秀而且有才华的人就是超级巨星，比如说李宁。One of the most famous sports superstars in the United States is the boxer Mohammed Ali.这些体育超级巨星其中之一就有美国的拳击手穆罕穆德阿里。After he won a gold medal in the Olympics and became the heavy-weight boxing champion, he was known as one of the greatest and most famous boxers in the sports history.当他在奥林匹克运动会上赢得金牌并且成为一个重量级的拳王的时候，他以最伟大最著名的拳击手的身份载入了史册。At that time Mohammed Ali was even better known that the president of the United States.在那时，穆罕穆德阿里甚至比美国的总统还有名气。He was a true superstar. Nearly everyone knew his name.他才是真正的超级巨星。几乎每个人都知道他的名字。But like the stars in the sky, a superstar may fade away as the years go by.但正如夜空中的星星，一个超级巨星也会随着时间渐渐失去光彩。These days people know little about Mohammed Ali.这些年来人们就不是很清楚阿里了。Superstars, loved by millions of people today, may be forgotten tomorrow.超级巨星，今天还被亿万人所追捧，但明天或许就被遗忘。

你好【如果觉得多可以删除一段】London introductionLondon locationLondon is Britain"s political, economic, cultural and transportation center, the largest port and the first industrial city, one of the ten cities in the world. It is located in the southeast of England, across the Thames River downstream of the two sides, 88 kilometers from the mouth. 12 urban districts, the city of London town called London, 20 outside the urban area, said outer london.The city of London with inside and outside London, collectively known as thecity of London, an area of 1580 square kilometers.In addition to the summer, the weather is always overcast and cold, it often rains, but the duration is not long, considerable variation. Generally speaking,the climate in June on getting better, the sky is clear, the sun is mild; 7, in August entered the real summer, the sun is shining, but the temperature is around 20 degrees, a particularly long day. 9, an invigorating autumn climatein late November October, slowly into the winter, December to March 2,temperature 10 degrees below the snow, but not many chances. In May 4,warmer, but still maintained at 15 centigrade below the low temperature.伦敦简介伦敦位置伦敦是英国的政治、经济、文化和交通中心，最大海港和首要工业城市，世界十大都市之一。它位于英格兰东南部，跨泰晤士河下游两岸，距河口88公里。伦敦市城外的12个市区，称内伦敦，以外的20个市区，称外伦敦。伦敦城加上内外伦敦，合称大伦敦市，面积1580平方公里。除了夏天以外，天气总是阴阴冷冷，也时常下雨，不过持续时间并 不长，变化相当大。一般来说，6月份气候就逐渐好转，天空晴朗，阳光温和；7、8月进入真正的夏天，艳阳高照，但温度在20度左右，白昼特别长。9、10月份秋高气爽，11月下旬慢慢进入冬天，12月到来年的2、3月气温在10度以下，但下雪的机会也不是很多。4、5月回暖，但还是保持在15摄式度以下的低温。

Goole翻译的：With the global figure of the rapid development of electronic technology, the continuous improvement of people"s living standards. Everyone in the production life of the temperature of the growing demand for high-informed. The resulting temperature measurement, real-time display and control equipment has become increasingly we need the electronic device. The system design and the collection of temperature changes in temperature curve on the LCD display. First, because single-bus digital temperature sensor with miniaturization, low-power, high performance, anti-disturbance capacity, and other advantages, this paper, the international community more advanced digital temperature sensor DS18B20 the features and temperature monitoring and control system design. Second, the system uses LCD12864E LCD module as a display system, through the LCD module on the wave of change that is more intuitive to temperature changes. Paper also introduced LCD12864E part of the internal structure, working principle and the micro-controller interface. Again, in order to make better use of microcontrollers, in the choice of microcontrollers, the circuit design are added. On the software side, papers in the digital temperature sensor and LCD module DS18B20 the work of timing and control orders are made of and description. The article on the digital temperature sensor DS18B20 the way to serial communication link with the SCM, and in order to insurance purposes, by the way the storage supply. LCD modules based on the different functions of pins connected with the MCU. SCM from the temperature sensors read data into the LCD module.

《谏太宗十思疏》指出：“思国之安者，必积其德义”。意思是说，要想使国家安定，做君主的就一定要积聚自己的道德正义。这种观点对于现为领导者的人来说亦然。在当今我国改革开放和现代化建设都已经进入一个蓬勃发展的新阶段的形势下，身为一名基层领导干部，必须要提高自身的素质和品德修养。面对新形势、新任务，面对我市目前的“新阶段、新发展”这一主题，努力推进干部队伍建设，对于不断推进的改革开放和现代化建设，具有十分重要的意义。《谏太宗十思疏》是魏徵于贞观十一年（637）写给唐太宗的奏章，意在劝谏太宗居安思危，戒奢以俭，积其德义。太宗，即李世民，唐朝第二个皇帝，是中国历史上最有成就的开明君主之一，在他的统治时期，出现了安定富强的政治局面，史称“贞观之治”。“十思”是奏章的主要内容，即十条值得深思的情况。“疏”即“奏疏”，是古代臣下向君主议事进言的一种文体，属于议论文。

correction论文算文章。修订类文章(CORRECTION)多指在报刊、杂志上发表的非文艺性的文章,包括新闻报导、学术论文等。

If the middle managers metaphor as a coach on the pitch, then grass-roots management personnel can analogy captain not only to present on his command to attack, the body must first scholar rate, charge into the enemy ranks. They are the backbone of the enterprise can not be ignored, is the basis for enterprise development, but also the reserve army of enterprise talents. Countless outstanding managers, are from the grassroots start. So, how to do a qualified managers? Seem particularly important. The following is my personal idea to do a look at this issue:A, excellent professional skillsThe manager at the grassroots level is managers, and responsible for the specific work and business, so the qualities of personal excellent business ability is in the organization "let people convinced" as a precondition. At the same time, the enterprise"s various business training is also carried out by the grass-roots managers, so the business ability of the basic level managers to occupy a pivotal weight.1, with the adaptation of the professional, skills, theoretical knowledge.2, familiar with the professional scope of their work, procedures, methods, skills, skilled use of the professional tools.3, business proficiency, scientific decision-making, organization, coordination and communication skills.Two, excellent quality of morality1, the company, the collective interests of the weight, adhere to the truth, seeking truth from facts.2, with a broad mind.3, with the right to justice.4, with the pragmatic style of the truth.5, with the feeling of reason.Good moral character is a necessary condition for good life, is also the capital of class management. Excellent moral character, it is the image of good, kind, sincere, diligent and enterprising to broad - minded, upright style, Biaoliruyi combined.Three, adapt to the cultural qualityThe culture education of the whole nation is continuously improving, the staff culture level is generally higher, at the same time, new technology, new equipment, continue to emerge, the office means is increasingly modernized. Must have strong observation ability, thinking ability, strain capacity, analysis judgment ability, decision making operations, planning and organizational skills, coordination ability to control and report ability to innovation ability management culture quality to improve. The improvement of these abilities requires the abundant cultural knowledge as the foundation.1, a certain knowledge of cultural and political theory.2, master of the professional knowledge.3, a wide range of relevant subject knowledge.Four, strong dedication and responsibilityDedication and sense of responsibility, is to do all the work of the first condition, do well in the ideological bases for a qualified managers. With this, will study hard, improve the skills, will be strict with themselves, everywhere set an example, will work hard to work. This shows that the cause of the heart in the quality of the management of the extremely important position and role.1, love, love, love the company team, build up establishment ideological positions.2, with the company as the home, the responsibility to work on the sense of responsibility.3, a serious attitude, meticulous attitude.4, work hard, work hard work spirit.

Xiǎolóngbāo (literally "little basket bun"; also known as soup dumpling is a type of baozi (filled bun or bread-like item) from Eastern China, including Shanghai and Wuxi. These buns are traditionally steamed in bamboo baskets, hence the name.--Wikipedia] Locally in Shanghai and surrounds, they are more often known as xiaolong mantou (Traditional Chinese: 小笼馒头; Simplified Chinese: 小笼馒头; Pinyin: xiǎolóng mántóu). Mantou means both filled and unfilled buns in southern China, but only means unfilled buns in northern China. To avoid confusion, the name xiaolongbao is usually used in other areas. IngredientsChinese buns can be divided into two types depending on the level of leavening of the flour skin[2]. Steamed buns made with raised flour are seen throughout the country, and are what is usually referred to as baozi. Steamed buns made with unraised flour are more commonly seen in the south. The Xiaolongbao belongs to the latter category. This means that its skin is smooth and somewhat translucent, rather than being white and fluffy. The similarity of this appearance to that of jiaozi ("dumpling") has meant that the xiaolongbao is sometimes classified as a dumpling outside China. It is, however, different from both steamed and boiled jiaozi in texture and method of production. Unlike other unraised flour buns, and baozi generally, the xiaolongbao has more filling than dough. It is also small in size, typically about 4 cm (1 1/2 in) in diameter. Xiaolongbao are traditionally filled with soup and meat, but variations include seafood and vegetarian fillings, as well as other possibilities. The soup inside is created by placing some meat gelatin inside the dumpling before steaming. The steam heat melts the gelatin into soup. In modern times, refrigeration makes it easy to wrap up using chilled gelatine which otherwise might be liquid at room temperature during hot weather. As is traditional for buns of various sizes in the Jiangnan region, these steamed buns feature a skin that is gathered up into fine folds at the top, prior to steaming. ServingTraditionally, the Xiaolongbao is a dianxin or snack item. The bun is served hot. It is dipped in Chinkiang vinegar with ginger slivers, and is traditionally served with a light, clear soup. The Xiaolongbao has also become popular as a dish in a main meal. In Cantonese regions and the West, it is also commonly served as a yum cha item. Frozen xiaolongbao are now mass produced and a common type of frozen food sold in China and outside. They can be steamed and served on a bamboo basket. Origins in ShanghaiThe perennial queue outside the Nanxiang Mantou Dian in ShanghaiThe Shanghai version of the xiaolongbao were originally from a town called Nanxiang, a suburb of Shanghai in the Jiading District. The inventor of xiaolongbao originally sold them in his first store in Nanxiang next to the town"s famous park, Guqi Garden. From there on it has expanded into downtown Shanghai and outwards. Two specialist Xiaolongbao restaurants are traditionally regarded as the most authentic. One is the Nanxiang Bun Shop (Nanxiang Mantou Dian), which derives from the original store in Nanxiang but now located in the City God Temple precinct, is famed for its crab meat-filled buns. Nanxiang Bun Shop has at least 105 years of history and has divisions opened in Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea and Singapore[1]. The other is Gulong Restaurant, at the original site next to Guqi Garden in Nanxiang. Wuxi varietyXiaolongbao in Wuxi tend to be sweeter and have a thinner dough skin, and are juicier than the Shanghai variety. Notes1. ^ Not to be confused with the "soup bun" (Traditional Chinese: 汤包; Simplified Chinese: 汤包; Pinyin: tāngbao), a steamed bun made with leavened dough, filled with mostly soup, a specialty of Yangzhou.2. ^ From the Annals of Jiading: "Buns can be made with leavened or unleavened dough. Those made with unleavened dough uses clear water for mixing, the skin is thin and the fillings large. It is frequently made in Nanxiang, but is imitated elsewhere, callint it "Xiang style". (《嘉定县续志》: 馒头有紧酵松酵两种，紧酵以清水和面为之，皮薄馅多，南翔制者最著，他处多仿之，号为翔式)

一天，我带着两个孩子到操场去。当我们到达的时候，我的女儿跑向秋千并要我推她。在我帮助女儿的时候，我发现另一个小女孩在独自努力使自己的秋千荡得更高。她的祖母坐在附近的长椅，微笑着向我示意。 我大力推了女儿一把之后，走向这个小女孩，询问她是否需要我帮助她一下，她微笑着说是的。在接下来的2个小时里，我推着秋千，和两个女儿及小女孩一起玩耍。当我们回到家，我非常的疲倦，但是我的心情像秋千一样飞得更高。 两年后的一天，经过一天的工作，我有点累了，但是我需要在放学之前去接两个孩子。当我在校门口等着的时候，一个小女孩微笑着朝我跑过来，在她上校车之前给我一个大大的拥抱。随着我看到她离开，我一点也不觉得累了。 在生活中，我们给予别人的爱也会汇报给我们自己。爱会像植物一样可能开花结果，也可能在相互之前传递。我们分享爱，就感到幸福，而且幸福就总是会像意外的惊喜回报给我们自己。

香料的日本史日本传统印度的调味料在东方,在印度的起源普及到远东香料配合西方的过程中,与此形成鲜明对比的香味儿的文化发展的。白檀和沈香、香料的死者运往来世习惯的全南康津郡兵营面,在古代印度王侯贵族香,身体上涂上,香烟,享受婆罗门教的圣典《贝达》(公元前5之前)记载。在中国薫香香及香料配合可用于成为六朝时代(3 ~ 6世纪)之后的事。丝绸之路并公元前2世纪开始、调味料了外,欧洲、印度象食品加工和配置身配上使用。香是6世纪飞鸟时代佛教传统一起传到日本在奈良时代,变成唐朝鉴真大发展是沈香和白檀和几的香味调和药,自古以来薫物透露给日本。初起香(使)作为灵位前中使用了,平安时代,宫廷为中心,天空薫物都—一个客厅和衣服,たきしめる风俗也促进了。香道的确立在武士社会成为和香的爱好也浓艶复杂,香到一个的优雅的香味一听到闻香而风味的文学创作的雅环境找到这样的日本特有的“香文化”登场。香木,室町时代的香味可以作为玩,确立香道三条西流淌,御家流)和志野流香道的中心在今天。在战国香道(去)、六种香木用组香(相对)时,香,然后再依次是闻到了香,香的组合,并将其顺序逐一香把;我的名字并将其行为。江户到明治时期取香火画银莳金山茶花吕(江户后期)取香火画银莳金山茶花吕(江户后期)市民们的香料,化妆图案等,切身的存在是江户时代。江户初期的百姓都是芳香作为化妆品“伽罗的油”和“花君”上,看着娘两鬓所爱用的,但在香油成为中期芳香化妆品的中心,执政的后半期化妆水。平贺源内,“类品人们》中ランビキ(兰引)的蒸馏器的“蔷薇露”的制作方法介绍给大家。文化10(1813)中,女性的养书‘都风俗化妆传》中表示,如果没有ランビキ“花君的把握。”并把跟茶杯使用化妆水的制作方法被介绍。江户街头铰链,通过化妆水广泛充斥的。江户末期到明治初期舶来的香水的介绍,明治5(1872)年以后表示:“香水不已,盲目地)”,“桜水”、“白蔷薇”、“オリヂナル香水”等”命名的国产食品的西式香水接连被发售。政府的欧化对策的影响,化妆趋向西化,香水(香水)的需求量也正急速增加。日俄战争前后平民的发型和化妆上也出现伴随着化妆,西式的化妆品普及。现代的香料在日本化妆品不仅是食品正式被恶意利用,会在大正以后合成香料工业发展之后的事情。在日本正式食品制造香料配合,食品加工技术的发展和香料的分析与调和、合成技术进步速度非常快。目前世界最高水准。

哇，这个给个200分还差不多

It is very difficult.

《阿Q正传》（写于1921年12月至1922年2月之间，最初分章刊登于北京《晨报副刊》，以后收入1923年8月出版的小说集《呐喊》。）的思想艺术特点之一是，在广阔的历史背景上，塑造了从物质到精神都受到严重戕害的贫苦农民阿Q的典型形象。阿Q既是一个被剥夺殆尽的贫苦农民，又是一个深受封建正统观念影响，带有小生产者狭隘保守品性的不觉悟的农民。他身上有“看客”式的无聊和冷酷，更有不少符合“圣经贤传”的思想。阿Q的不觉悟，突出地表现在他对“革命”的态度和认识上。在传统观念的影响下，阿Q最初“以为革命党便是造反，造反便是与他为难”，所以一向“深恶而痛绝之”。但当辛亥革命爆发时，他在直感中产生了革命的愿望。但是，他的革命并不是政治上的真正觉醒，在他看来革命就是反清复明、改朝换代而已；他神往革命只是夺取属于赵太爷、钱太爷们的“威福、子女、玉帛”；而且，阿Q还幻想着自己革命后可以奴役同样生活在底层的小D、王胡们。阿Q这种革命观，是封建传统观念和小生产者狭隘保守意识合成的产物。 阿Q的主要性格特征是精神胜利法。 阿Q“精神胜利法”的典型特征是： 一、自欺欺人、自我安慰，在幻想和精神上消除失败的耻辱。 二、爱面子、讳疾忌医，不敢正视自己的弱点和缺点。 三、欺善怕恶、欺弱怕强。遭到失败后往往不敢向真正的敌手做斗争，却转而向弱小者去报复。他的调笑小尼姑、与王胡以及小D的打架，都是他欺弱怕强的典型表现。 四、麻木健忘，特别是对于被压迫被损害的麻木、健忘。阿Q的“精神胜利法”是国民劣根性的集大成。 《阿0正传》具有广泛的社会意义。《阿Q正传》是鲁迅长期以来关注和探讨“国民性”的结果，小说通过阿Q这个典型，画出了国人的灵魂，暴露了国民的弱点，深刻地揭示了阿Q的“精神胜利法”的种种表现及其严重危害性，提出了改造国民性的思想，并且将反封建的基本主题同社会政治革命联系起来，突出强调了反封建的思想革命和改造国民性主题的历史迫切性。 《阿Q正传》思想艺术特点之二是，是以喜见悲、悲喜交融。用喜剧性艺术因素，叙述一个悲剧性的故事，悲剧因素与喜剧因素在小说里相互交织、融合，构成这篇小说最大的艺术特色。阿Q的一生是悲剧性的，其遭遇令人同情，但这一切又是通过阿Q生活中富有喜剧性的事件表现出来的。阿Q的被压迫者的地位和勤劳吃苦的优点，他要求改变现状的愿望，以及备受剥削，人格屡遭污辱，最后又遭惨死的命运遭际更加令人同情，但他的精神胜利法，他的欺软怕硬、冷漠麻木、狡猾无赖等，又是应该被否定和批判的。小说正是在悲剧性和喜剧性相互映衬下展开的，既令人忍俊不禁，又让人心酸、发人深思。这种以喜见悲、悲喜交融的独特风格，正是作品产生巨大艺术魅力的重要因素之一。 《阿Q正传》思想艺术特点之三是，白描手法的成功运用。抓住事物的特征，用最经济、最简练的笔墨，把描写对象生动、形象地展现在读者面前。如阿Q瞪着眼睛说：“我们先前——比你阔得多啦！你算什么东西。”形象地表现了他的精神胜利法的性格特征。 《阿Q正传》思想艺术特点之四是，外冷内热。鲁迅思想启蒙者的高度热情，深深地埋藏在心坎里，以犀利的解剖刀冷峻地解剖着一切。这是一种“不见火焰的白热”，“热到发冷的热情”。

establishment机构；建设；编制；企业

汗，楼上我佩服你手工翻译，但是你第一句话就错了。例：interesting intellect game--interesting是adj,intellect不是，e正确应为intellectual!还有the questions are various也错！应为the questions vary。various 后面要跟名词的！第一句就错，后面也8用看了。前面更是用软件翻译的。要高质量的给我留言吧～

Living in a foreign country is fun, but it isn"t always easy. There are many differences between cultures and although some of these differences are unimportant, they can cause a lot of embarrassment. I spoke to a few foreign friends about how they experienced culture shock in China.在国外生活是有趣的，但它并不总是很容易。有许多文化差异，虽然这些差异是不重要的，他们能造成很多尴尬。我和几个外国朋友对他们如何在中国经历了文化冲击。Aubin arrived two months ago from Europe to take part in a language programme in Shanghai. Before he left, he was actually taught the differences between European and Chinese cultures, including everything from table manners to classroom behavior. However, some things have still taken him by surprise. For example, he couldn"t understand why waiters did not want to accept the tips he gave them after meals in restaurants. I had to explain to him that people don"t usually tip in China and that this comes from the Confucian idea that one must avoid accepting any undue(不适当的) income.奥班是两个月前从欧洲到上海参加一个语言课程。在他离开之前，他实际上是给欧洲和中国文化之间的差异，包括从餐桌礼仪到课堂行为的一切。然而，有一些东西还是令他大吃一惊。例如，他不明白为什么服务员不想他给他们饭后在餐厅收小费。我向他解释说，人们通常不尖在中国，这是儒家的观念，必须避免接受任何不当（不适当的）收入。Another friend, Julia, came to Guangzhou from London to teach at a language school. After a month, she told me that she was really let down by her students. I asked her why and she told me that they were so quiet that she was the only person talking in class and it felt like the children were punishing her by making her talk to the walls! I explained to her that the children were simply respectful, but she said that it would be more respectful if they answered her questions.另一个朋友，朱丽亚，从广州来到伦敦，在一所语言学校教。一个月后，她告诉我，她真的被她的学生失望。我问她为什么，她告诉我，他们非常安静，只有她一个人上课说话，感觉就像孩子被惩罚她让她跟墙壁！我向她解释说，孩子们只是尊重，但她说会更尊重如果他们回答她的问题。And it is not only the West and the East that have cultural differences. Even Korea and China, two countries that are very close to each other, have differences too. “I thought Chinese and Korean people were similar in some ways,” said my friend Ji-Hyun in perfect Chinese, “but I was wrong. In ancient times the Chinese used to take their shoes off before entering a house. They don"t do that anymore, but Korean people still do! I keep getting that wrong even though I"ve been here for five years!”它不仅是西方和东方文化的差异。即使是韩国和中国，这两个国家都非常接近对方，也有差异。“我认为中国和朝鲜人民在某些方面是相似的，”我的朋友智贤完美的中文说，“但我错了。中国古时候用来脱掉鞋子进屋。他们不做了，但朝鲜人还是做！我一直错，尽管我已经在这里五年了！“Luckily, whether we take our shoes off or not, or leave unnecessary tips, the world still runs perfectly. In my opinion, cultural differences should simply be seen as a way of making life interesting. Imagine how boring it would be if we all did everything in exactly the same way! Learning to understand and respect differences is, after all, what life is all about.幸运的是，无论我们脱鞋或没有，或留下不必要的提示，世界依然运行良好。在我看来，文化的差异应该被看作是一种使生活有趣。想象一下，无聊就如果我们都做同样的事情！学会理解和尊重差异，毕竟，是生活的全部。敬请采纳。

Do you think studying in a foreign country is a sound very exciting thing?You will feel like a home to go to another country to learn a lot of young people as a very interesting?This of course is a new experience , it will give you the opportunity to discover many fascinating things you get a sense of freedom .However, despite these benefits, you will encounter challenges.Because your views may conflict exist in different countries with different beliefs, norms , values and traditions happen. You might find it difficult to adapt to a new culture and the culture of those parts of you not familiar with .This is the " culture shock ."People experiencing culture shock process includes at least four major stages.The first stage is called the "honeymoon period ."At this stage, you will feel living in a different country where very excited , but everything looks are fantastic.What you like , but it seems everyone is good to you .In addition, a new culture of life seems to be endless fun .However, the second stage of culture shock will eventually appear ,This is the " period of hostilities ."You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you originally thought .You will have a new culture of many things get bored.In addition, it does not then you as a guest to treat it.Initially all looks very good things now become annoying , and it has everything to make you feel upset and tired.Typically, you adapt to a new culture of this phase , you will come up with some defensive approach to help you cope with difficulties , to protect themselves from the impact of culture shock .One such approach is called " repressed law ."When you pretend that everything is acceptable , nothing makes you feel worry, you"re in the use of oppressive laws .Another defensive approach called " regressive law ."When your behavior starts to look smaller than your actual age , when you are in the use of this approach. At this point, you behave like a child.You forget everything , and sometimes you will become careless and irresponsible .A third defensive approach called " isolated law ."You "d rather stay home , do not want to communicate with anyone .You want to lock themselves in order to avoid the impact of culture shock , at least you think so .Isolated law is perhaps one of the people to deal with culture shock worst way , because you put those things can really help you and you isolate it.Finally a defensive approach called " exclusion law ."The way to make you feel you do not need anyone to help .Do you think you can handle things alone , so you do not want to ask for help .The way you use in hostile stage does not solve the problem.If you use only occasionally about which way to help you cope with one survive this anyway.But you must be careful .These approaches might really hurt you , because they will hinder you to make the necessary adjustments to the new culture.Overcome their hostility , you will begin to realize that culture shock transient .Then you"ll step into the third stage is called " recovery " is .At this stage, you start to become more positive attitude , and you will try to understand all the things you do not understand .The whole situation started to become beneficial to you , and you will appear from the symptoms of the two previous stages to recover . And you begin to adapt themselves to the new standards, new values, beliefs and traditions as well as the variety of new countries.You begin to understand that although this new cultural characteristics and cultural characteristics different from your own country , but also there must be worth something you learn and appreciate .The last stage of culture shock called " adaptation period ."At this stage, you really achieve the feel-good realm, because you have learned a lot of things, have been able to understand this new culture of .Initially make you feel uncomfortable or strange things , and now has become something you can understand .This understanding will relieve a lot of pressure on you .Now you feel comfortable , you have to adapt to a new culture.Culture shock is a person living in a foreign country can not avoid things.When you"re through four stages of culture shock , it seems not a good thing .However, when you are completely adapted to the new culture of a certain kind , you will be more fully love this culture.You learned how to communicate with others , but also to understand the different cultural backgrounds of people a lot of life situations.In addition, learn about other cultures , and know when you"re living in one time how to adapt to the impact that can help you better understand yourself.